11 10 2907 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archival Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Christian Brisvold papers, 1832-1903 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context P1297 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1832-1903 Description An account of the resource Copies of letters and doucments (with some translations by Karl Schulz) of Christian Brisvold and Gunleik Bjornson, both of whom served in Wisconsin regiments in the Civil War. A covering letter explains why much of the materials is illegible. Benson was from Tinn, Telemark, and later lived at Laberton, Minnesota. Also includes a vaccination certificate for Tore Bjørnsdtr, Rollag, Tinn, 1832. Extent The size or duration of the resource. 1 folder Language A language of the resource Norwegian Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archival Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Magnus Andersen papers, 1895-1937 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context P1295 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1895-1937 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Andersen, Magnus, 1857-1938 Description An account of the resource Translation of two chapters of a book, 70 Aars Tilbakeblik, written by a Norwegian sea captain and published in Oslo in 1932. A copy of the book is included in the collection. The chapters excerpted deal with the voyage of the Viking from Bergen to the Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893 and later down the Mississippi River to New Orleans. Andersen originated the idea of such a boyage and was captain of the crew. A photograph of Anderson from 1937 and clippings included. Extent The size or duration of the resource. 1 folder Language A language of the resource English Norwegian Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archival Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Elise Wærenskjold papers, 1839-2010 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context P0683 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1839-2010 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Wærenskjold, Elise Amalie Tvede, 1815-1895 Russell, Charles H. Gjerset, Knut, 1865-1936 Description An account of the resource From the Knut Gjerset papers on women and Norwegian American Encyclopedia. Letters and other writings regarding Wilhelm and Elise Waerenskjold. A pastor's daughter, Elise lead a party emigrating to Texas between October 1846 and March 1847. The Waerenskjolds married in 1848, settling at Four Mile Prairie. Her letters and other writings serve as a primary source of information about the Norwegians who settled in Texas. Also includes: <ul> <li>Photocopies of letters from Elise Waerenskjold to Oscar Reierson, 1883, 1890</li> <li>Books edited by Charles H. Russell <ul> <li>Light on the Prairie: New Writings of Elise Wærenskjold (Houston, TX: Shining Brightly Books, 2010)</li> <li>Undaunted A Norwegian Woman in Frontier Texas (College Station: Texas A & M University Press, 2006).</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <a href="https://www.norwegianamericanhistory.org/digital-collections/collections/show/152">View the digital collections online here.</a> Extent The size or duration of the resource. 0.4 cubic feet (1 archives box) Language A language of the resource Norwegian English Subject The topic of the resource Wærenskjold, Elise Amalie Tvede, 1815-1895 Texas Type The nature or genre of the resource Correspondence Photocopies Books Research https://norwegianamericanhistory.org/catalog/files/original/d17df2a65673936c40d72a9e4b9d700e.pdf d52e7bc5ac4df226356cc3ce75fbbe3b PDF Text Text Collection Name: R.O. Brandt papers, circa 1824-1929 Collection Number: NAHA 2023/025 Extent: 3.0 cubic feet (5 archives boxes and 1 record center carton) Biography/History: Realf Ottesen Brandt was born near Jefferson Prairie, Rock County, Wisconsin in 1859. His father, Nils Olsen Brandt, was born in Slidre, Valdres, Norway. His Mother, Diderikke Ottesen Brandt, was born in Sande Parish, Norway. Nils Brandt was President of Luther College. Realf Brandt graduated from Luther College in 1877, and Luther Seminary in Madison, Wisconsin in 1883. Realf Ottesen was ordained in 1883 by Rev. U.V. Koren. Throughout his 44 years in Lutheran ministry, he served Deuel County, South Dakota, and McFarland, Wisconsin. Beginning in 1906, he was one of the first editors of the Lutheran Herald. Realf Brandt married Thalette “Lettie” Mathilde Galby in 1880. Scope and Content: The R.O. Brandt papers consist of various notebooks he kept from 1876-1900, copy books of letters he wrote from 1887-1901, letters from 1906-1907, and a scrapbook created by Lettie Brandt called “Reminiscences of Seventeen Years in the West as a Pastor's Wife” that includes photographs. Also includes letters and documents of Diderikke Brandt. Access Rights: This collection is open for research. Bibliographic Citation: [Indicate the cited item here]. R.O. Brandt Papers. Norwegian-American Historical Association, Northfield, Minnesota. Box Folder Description 1 1 R.O. (Realf Ottesen) Brandt notebooks, 1891-1899 1 2 R.O. (Realf Ottesen) Brandt notebooks, 1884-1889 1 3 R.O. (Realf Ottesen) Brandt notebooks, 1886-1888, 1892-1894 1 4 R.O. (Realf Ottesen) Brandt notebooks, 1883-1900 2 1 R.O. (Realf Ottesen) Brandt notebooks, 1876, 1890-1893 2 2 R.O. (Realf Ottesen) Brandt notebooks, 1878, 1900 2 3 Copybook of R.O. Brandt letters, circa 1890 2 4 Copybook of R.O. Brandt letters, 1890-1892 2 5 Copybook of R.O. Brandt letters, 1892-1896 3 1 Copybook of R.O. Brandt letters, 1896-1898 3 2 Copybook of R.O. Brandt letters, 1898-1901 3 3 Copybook of R.O. Brandt letters, 1888-1889 3 4 Copybook of R.O. Brandt letters, 1887-1901 3 5 Copybook of R.O. Brandt letters, 1890-1896 4 1-3 Letters from R.O. Brandt, 1906-1907 Includes a list of letters and subjects. 4 4-5 “Reminiscences of Seventeen Years in the West as a Pastor’s Wife” scrapbook by Lettie Brandt, 1929 January Written from Spring Prairie Parsonage, Wisconsin. Includes family photographs. 5 1 “The Contribution of Norwegian-Americans to the Field of Religious Literature: A Biography” by Gerhard Brandt Naeseth, 1937 5 2 Nils Brandt genealogy and documents, 1869-1900 3 3 Photographs, circa 1895-1900 Includes photographs of Realf, Emma Neaseth, Gerhard Brandt Naeseth, and Nils Brandt. 5 4 Speeches, poems, and letters, circa 1868-circa1885 Includes introductory speech at the time of the dedication of the church in Cleveland; speech in the House of Mourners, Decorah Parsonage, 1885 January 25 at the funeral of Mrs. Brandt by Professor Larsen on Pastor Koren, a poem to Diderikke by Knud Thondsen (a student from Oslo); Pastor Preus and his wife responding to an invitation to the wedding of Brandt’s children; poem by Brandt to Pastor Preus on his birthday; letter from U.V. Koren to Brandt discussing payments to Brandt and church; recipe from Cathinka Otteson to Diderikke explaining how to cure ham as done in Norway; discussion of a trip to Europe/emigration, 1868; invitation to Mrs. Brandt for coffee from G. Landmark; Tale of a vision by Olaf Brandt (potential for a College paper). 5 6 Documents, circa 1824-circa 1885 Includes instructions from the dying Didrikke to Brandt and children regarding her passing; passport to Pastor Brandt and wife; short poem in German perhaps written by Didrikke in connection to the departure of Line Schmidt, circa 1851; statement/certificate issued by Realf Otteson, minister at Sande, Norway, stating birth, baptism, and marriage of their daughter Diderikke Sophie to Nils Brandt; document offering Brandt the position as minister in Decorah signed by members of the congregation; birth certificate and confirmation certificate for Nils Brandt. 5 7 Diderikke Brandt correspondence, circa 1840-1855 Includes poems in German, one about her departure for America in 1856; speech given in Wittenberg by Kolbing (in German), 1843; letter from Jacob Otteson (brother); letter from Mary M. circa 1855. 5 8 Letters and poems, circa 1870-circa 1891 Includes a letter from Jenny Brandt, 1891; old Swedish songs; and other letters. 5 9 Spring Prairie guestbook, Spring Prairie Parsonage, Wisconsin, 1923-1935 6 1 Copybook of R.O. Brandt letters, 1892-1898 6 2 Copybook of R.O. Brandt letters, 1891-1892 6 3 Copybook of R.O. Brandt letters, 1891 6 4 Newspapers and clippings, 1903, undated Includes Signal (1903 July and 1903 August) and various undated clippings. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Finding aid to the R.O. Brandt papers, circa 1824-1929 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archival Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context NAHA 2023/025 Title A name given to the resource R.O. Brandt papers, circa 1824-1929 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource circa 1824-1929 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Brandt, Realf Ottesen Naeseth, Gerhard B. (Gerhard Brandt), 1913-1994 Brandt, Thalette Extent The size or duration of the resource. 3.0 cubic feet (5 archives boxes and 1 record center carton) Language A language of the resource English Norwegian Subject The topic of the resource Brandt, Diderikke Brandt, Nils Decorah (Iowa) Spring Prairie Lutheran Church (DeForest, Wis.) Type The nature or genre of the resource Correspondence Photographs Newspapers Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. This collection is open for research. Description An account of the resource Biography/History: Realf Ottesen Brandt was born near Jefferson Prairie, Rock County, Wisconsin in 1859. His father, Nils Olsen Brandt, was born in Slidre, Valdres, Norway. His Mother, Diderikke Ottesen Brandt, was born in Sande Parish, Norway. Nils Brandt was President of Luther College. Realf Brandt graduated from Luther College in 1877, and Luther Seminary in Madison, Wisconsin in 1883. Realf Ottesen was ordained in 1883 by Rev. U.V. Koren. Throughout his 44 years in Lutheran ministry, he served Deuel County, South Dakota, and McFarland, Wisconsin. Beginning in 1906, he was one of the first editors of the Lutheran Herald. Realf Brandt married Thalette “Lettie” Mathilde Galby in 1880. Scope and Content: The R.O. Brandt papers consist of various notebooks he kept from 1876-1900, copy books of letters he wrote from 1887-1901, letters from 1906-1907, and a scrapbook created by Lettie Brandt called “Reminiscences of Seventeen Years in the West as a Pastor's Wife” that includes photographs. Also includes letters and documents of Diderikke Brandt. Bibliographic Citation A bibliographic reference for the resource. Recommended practice is to include sufficient bibliographic detail to identify the resource as unambiguously as possible. [Indicate the cited item here]. R.O. Brandt Papers. Norwegian American Historical Association, Northfield, Minnesota. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archival Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context NAHA 2023/031 Title A name given to the resource Hans Moen papers, 1855-circa 1920 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1855-circa 1920 Description An account of the resource Photographs, vaccination records, and documents of Ole Olsen Moen and Hans O. Moen. Ole Olsen was born in 1818 in Vaga, Oppland, Norway. He died in 1896 Brown County, Minnesota. Hans O. Moen was born on December 25m 1852 in Lom, Oppland, Norway. He died in St. James, Minnesota. He married Kari Syverson in 1880. They had the following children: Ella, Ole, Olleda, Oliver, and Anver. Extent The size or duration of the resource. 0.2 cubic feet (1 half archives box) Language A language of the resource English Norwegian Subject The topic of the resource Brown County (Minn.) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archival Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context NAHA 2023/032 Title A name given to the resource Glimt records, 1889-2023 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1889-2023 Description An account of the resource Glimt, a book club for Norwegian-American women, formed on November 1, 1889 in Chicago. The group decided to call the book club Glimt, meaning glimpses in Norwegian. They met every other Tuesday in the home of one of the members. Dues were set at $3.00 per year, to be used for the purchase of books. The secretary kept track of books received and disbursed. Records show that in the first seven years the group read and disbursed 216 books. At each meeting a book would be read aloud and discussed after coffee was served. During the reading, members often did embroidery or other handwork. In 1907, the group formally decided to read books that emphasized the study of Norwegian history. Items in the collection include a Glimt history, by-laws, recipe book, secretary records from 1889-2015, and three books by Ruth Sonju Madsen (Open my Eye: Thoughts of a Grandma, So Glad You Asked: Thoughts of a Grandma, Both Sides of the Ocean: The Sonju Family Heritage and Immigration Story). Extent The size or duration of the resource. 0.4 cubic feet (1 archives box) Language A language of the resource English Norwegian https://norwegianamericanhistory.org/catalog/files/original/327d07e3c2041b4032f4f61b130679e5.pdf 5ee86b39a1988e5b12b64e1f6e7e2f2e PDF Text Text Collection Name: Synneve Brugjeld Skrenes papers, 1881-1956 Collection Number: NAHA 2023/016 Extent: 1.2 cubic feet (3 archives boxes) and 1 flat box Biography/History: Synneve Brugjeld was born in Balestrand, Sogn, Norway, on March 30, 1845 to Peder Nielsen Brugjeld and Gjertrud Olsdatter Thorsnaes. With her parents, four brothers (Niels, Ole, Bottolf, and Peter P.), and one sister (Kari), she left Bergen, Norway in 1848 aboard the sailing vessel Dorothea and arrived in New York, NY on July 5, 1848. In 1865, after the end of the Civil War, Synneve moved with her family to Emmet County, Iowa. Synneve eventually Americanized her name to Susan Peterson. On November 6, 1870, she was united in marriage to John Knudtson Skrenes (John Johnson) at Lakeside Farm by Reverend T.H. Dahl. John and Synneve had eight children: Severina Gjertina (Tina) (Johnson) of Bricelyn, MN, Nels J. of Wallingford, IA, Petra Johannah (Hannah) (Olsen) of Pequot, MN, Carrie (Anderson) of Wallingford, IA, Helen (Berg) of Estherville, IA, Sena Josephine (Carter) of Blue Earth, MN, Bertha Randina and Manda Telende (Larsen) of Wallingford, IA. Bertha died at the age of 2, but the other seven children survived to adulthood. Scope and Content: Family photographs, books, and personal letters of Synneva Brugjeld Skrenes from the estate of Wesley and Irene Anderson. Access Rights: This collection is open to research. Bibliographic Citation: [Indicate the cited item here]. Synneva Brugjeld Skrenes Papers. Norwegian-American Historical Association, Northfield, Minnesota. Box Folder Description 1 1 Correspondence from Ellen Olson and mother, Marmon, North Dakota, 1917-1923 1 2 Correspondence from Carrie Monson, Portland, North Dakota, 1888-1910 1 3 Correspondence from Gertie Iverson, Mitchell, South Dakota, 1927 1 4 Correspondence from Oline Gudvangen, Barton, North Dakota, 1909 1 5 Correspondence from Norway, circa 1920 1 6 Correspondence from John Anderson, Frost, Minnesota, 1921-1930 1 7 Correspondence from Peder Erickson, Chicago, Illinois, 1927-1928 1 8 Correspondence from Kari Kallestad, Hayfield, Minnesota, 1917-1922 1 9 Correspondence from A.C. Anderson, Gorham, North Dakota, 1915-1916 1 10 Correspondence from Susan Larson, Cyrus, North Dakota, 1907-1925 1 11 Correspondence from pastors, 1920 1 12 Correspondence from Mrs. F.T. Strand, Glenwood, Minnesota, 1910-1928 1 13 Correspondence from Martha Golberg, Carpenter, Iowa, 1922-1927 1 14 Correspondence from Britha Peterson Lee, Puyallup, Washington, 1912-1925 2 1 Correspondence with Bertha Brugjeld, Grafton, North Dakota, 1900-1913 2 2 Correspondence with Segri Grave, Windom, Minnesota, 1925-1927 2 3 Correspondence with Christine, 1925-1927 2 4 Correspondence with Gjertrude Wass, Lake Park, Iowa, 1921 2 5 Correspondence with Tina Thorsness, Spooner, Wisconsin, 1923-1924 2 6 Correspondence with L.B. Rockne, Howard Lake, Minnesota, 1927 2 7 Correspondence with John Bailey, 1918 2 8 Correspondence, 1918-1927 2 9 Postcards, circa 1925-circa 1930 2 10 Brujeld family tree, Nels Johnson, 1931 2 11 Clippings 2 12 Songbook, 1909 2 13 Nadverden (1916), Lars Oftedal (1904), Sange Udgivet for den Forendede Kirkes Forbund (1914) 3 1 Funeral book for Nels Johnson, 1956 3 2 Hemlands-Sanger, 1881 3 3-5 Photographs 4 1 Photographs 4 2 Frye’s Grammar School Geography, Iowa Edition, 1902 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Finding aid to the Synneve Brugjeld Skrenes papers, 1881-1956 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archival Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context NAHA 2023/016 Title A name given to the resource Synneve Brugjeld Skrenes papers, 1881-1956 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1881-1956 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 1.2 cubic feet (3 archives boxes) and 1 flat box Language A language of the resource English Norwegian Type The nature or genre of the resource Correspondence Photographs Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. This collection is open to research. Description An account of the resource Biography/History: Synneve Brugjeld was born in Balestrand, Sogn, Norway, on March 30, 1845 to Peder Nielsen Brugjeld and Gjertrud Olsdatter Thorsnaes. With her parents, four brothers (Niels, Ole, Bottolf, and Peter P.), and one sister (Kari), she left Bergen, Norway in 1848 aboard the sailing vessel Dorothea and arrived in New York, NY on July 5, 1848. In 1865, after the end of the Civil War, Synneve moved with her family to Emmet County, Iowa. Synneve eventually Americanized her name to Susan Peterson. On November 6, 1870, she was united in marriage to John Knudtson Skrenes (John Johnson) at Lakeside Farm by Reverend T.H. Dahl. John and Synneve had eight children: Severina Gjertina (Tina) (Johnson) of Bricelyn, MN, Nels J. of Wallingford, IA, Petra Johannah (Hannah) (Olsen) of Pequot, MN, Carrie (Anderson) of Wallingford, IA, Helen (Berg) of Estherville, IA, Sena Josephine (Carter) of Blue Earth, MN, Bertha Randina and Manda Telende (Larsen) of Wallingford, IA. Bertha died at the age of 2, but the other seven children survived to adulthood. Scope and Content: Family photographs, books, and personal letters of Synneva Brugjeld Skrenes from the estate of Wesley and Irene Anderson. Bibliographic Citation A bibliographic reference for the resource. Recommended practice is to include sufficient bibliographic detail to identify the resource as unambiguously as possible. [Indicate the cited item here]. Synneva Brugjeld Skrenes Papers. Norwegian American Historical Association, Northfield, Minnesota. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archival Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context NAHA 2023/015 Title A name given to the resource Scandinavian Recipes cookbook, undated Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource undated Description An account of the resource "Scandinavian Recipes: Come for Coffee" cookbook. Extent The size or duration of the resource. 1 folder Language A language of the resource English Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. This collection is open to research. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archival Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context NAHA 2023/014 Title A name given to the resource Ole Rude letters, circa 1870 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource circa 1870 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rude, Ole Description An account of the resource Letters written to Ole Rude of Coon Valley, Wisconsin, circa 1870s. Also includes receipts for Fadrelandet newspaper (1867, 1874) and Norden (1884), and advertisement for "The Lion Drugstore i La Crosse, H. Heyerdahl." Extent The size or duration of the resource. 1 folder Language A language of the resource Norwegian Subject The topic of the resource Coon Valley (Wis.) La Crosse (Wis.) Type The nature or genre of the resource Correspondence Advertisements Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. This collection is open to research. Bibliographic Citation A bibliographic reference for the resource. Recommended practice is to include sufficient bibliographic detail to identify the resource as unambiguously as possible. [Indicate the cited item here]. Ole Rude Letters. Norwegian American Historical Association, Northfield, Minnesota. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archival Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context NAHA 2023/013 Title A name given to the resource University Lutheran Church of Hope cookbook, circa 1945 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource circa 1945 Description An account of the resource Cook book from University Lutheran Church of Hope, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Extent The size or duration of the resource. 1 folder Language A language of the resource English Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. This collection is open to research.