https://norwegianamericanhistory.org/digital-collections/files/original/be0f17b0e89c3f73689eb0765147d6e5.jpg b6929225eae6858cb6fbfdc7bea02b6b https://norwegianamericanhistory.org/digital-collections/files/original/f75c29f6f5cbcd9f09c952c602427134.jpg 47dde87124eccf330811b1eb76fd7a0a https://norwegianamericanhistory.org/digital-collections/files/original/7d50ffe89892c59d842e9636c54c789d.jpg fd6d62213d51230148cf21acafe7ff91 https://norwegianamericanhistory.org/digital-collections/files/original/c88e5446dce1fb50527c3a12e90efa89.pdf aa089f35df76f68997af88075633fe49 PDF Text Text PART I, THE NORSE-AMERICAN CENTENlHAL o A.D. 1925. / �To thone who c::..1•e :proud of their Norse ancestry and their American Citizenship• this part is fra,ternally dedicatedo �The year 1925, with its numerous festivities among people of Norse blood on both sides of the ocean, was a grand. and glorious year in the history of Norse people through­ out the world. It is not, however, the aim of the compiler of this book to write history - that must be done by abler men; mine is simply to present, in a concrete form, some of the material gathered in connection with the many celebrations held during the year. Some of this may eventually be of value to a historian if so, I am happy. If, besides, it will afford someone a cozy hour by the fireside, my joy shall be full. TEE COMPILER. - �4. I'RJ'J)J..RIUG !Q1i � CENTENNIAL. ��j To the 11 Stavangerle,g", t.n .h.ssociation, v1hose 1'leribers hail fro:r.i. Stavanecr, r--. City on the west cor,st of Norvm:,r. -,oes the honor e of having first discmrned the fitness of celebreting the one hundredth anniversary of coilect¢f Norwegi·n irnmi- grc;,t.:i.on to Amcricc·,. le • ,ona.€r not at this• for the father of Noruee;:i.rn IMTlligrP.tj.on, Klln fodern . P;terson, himself, hailed fr.om tM.n City as, lndeod, did �11 .M�_QOm that fc:rnous voyage of the sloop iJJ bj A· •. r:.s the II 0 Restor...,tiont,y' now known Mnvf'loHer of th North" . However, it wc:rn soon realized that no one local org r nization could do this importent event justice, ccnd in 1919, a .joint conmittce, representing various Horse- 1<::rici.n Org.:.nizations t vrc,s eupointed b"I" th0 �-., UJ � "By�Llelar:;s Council'' l 1'L .L:.., l u i a of: T� ·, Rev. T,. J>. Thork-ireen,, r. tarius hagen, c. .---·«c.t.J r. A. ninc. ,. ,Sund11cin, l>rof. J. Tt.nner . nd r..J.:N .Ron­ r---~-~ o/ Tr�ese, tocctller Viith the Rt. Rev . C. J.1;cc,stvold, LJIJl�--i�'Aa-I " ��,. conotitutocl t' e, first Ccntennit.l Co"!1l1littce. �� It i::::::ZJ.J ·60 :nstioe th,�t here, c;,S ..,,lwc:.yo, the //� clel.·gy hu\Ai tc.ken u. noble sh .re in pror•1oting m=tters of interest to our people �nc �.ce. Of courne, the r..bovc mentioned Cornmittee uorked principally in connection i:Ti th tho cclebrr-�tion e.t St. P·ul - :rinnenpolis. � �his celebre.tiont although by fa.r the ll.rgest both in t;.ttendance 1:..nd importi,nce, WdJ only on. in a chi.in of mcny held at di.. ff erent times �5 and places throughout the year. W..v:' A�, Festivities of such magnitude, as characterized all celebrations in connection with the centenary called for much advance work and careful planning, and in each in­ stance, the Committees in charge, merit lasting thanks for labors well done. Of supreme imports.nee was the valuable aid lent the undertaking by Nations and States. Thus, the llinnesota Legislature appropriated the sum of $10,000.00 to exhibit the resources of the State at the Centenni2.l E:x.position on the State Fe.ir Grounds, and the Norwegian Government sent official representatives in recognition of the event. � ·1 SPECIAL IIEl,:ORIAL ST. J.!PS , S ;r....,._� The Postoffice Department graciously supported the move�ent by issuing two series of stamps - a two­ cent and a five-cent series, and the United States Con­ gress authorized the striking of a He::norial :.:edal at the U�ited States 1lint, at Philadelphia. The tvro-cent stamp series were in red and black, and bears a design of the Sloop 11 Restorationen 11 • An artistic frame of dragon's he8d and shields encircles the vessel, while the dates 1825 - 1925, end the words Norse-American Centennial appears in the upper end of the stamp. The: five-cent denomination bore a design of a Viking Ship flanked on the left with a Norwegian flag and on the right the American Colors. CE1TTEHNIAL :MEDAL. The Centennial :ifodal, octogon in shape, of the same quality of silver that is being used in our moneys, bore on the obverse side, th� design of a Viking Chieftain �setting foot on Ame rican soil, the Viking ship an­ chored in the waters near by. Above is the same in­ scription as is found on the Centennial Ste.mps. the reverse side appears a Viking ship under full sai 1, also the inscription: 11 Authorized by Cone;ress of the United States of America" Viking ship is stamped 11 On > and underneath the A.D.l000 ° , the year of Leiv Eiriksson's famous voyage to Vinland, i.e. , America. ,� Never before, in the history of our Postal De­ J �rtment, has such commemorative stamps in two colors been issued, and never before in the history of po�tal service throughout the world has one nation's stamps carried another nation's ens ign. c'��} Likewise, it may be said with regard to the_ Centennial Hedal, that it was the first instance of such a medal being issued by act of Congress. It was Congressman O.J.Kvale, a Lutheran Clergyman from �..:innesota, -vrho took the initiative in getting Congress to adopt bills authorizing both the special stamps, as well as the Meraorial iiedal. He was ably aided by Senator Peter :Norbeck from South De.kota. It may be considered a coincident that the chief of the department in the engraving bureau, in which the special stamp v:as printed, was the l1Jorse-&'!l.e rican, 1ir. Eidsnes.. .Before vre 1 eave tr..i s subject, :re want to pay honor to the 1 designer of the �.::edal, llr. James ED.rle Tra.ser, one of , our country's foremost artists. / �-e. But, the indefatigable Congressman stopped not On Tuesday, �ebruary 24th, 1925, he delivered 6 .. �7. his famous speech on 11 'l'he Norse-American Centennial0 in the House of Representa.tives, a speech which, in itself, is c. mine of information as rega.rds matters pertaining to the Norse-American people. We know our readers will be glad that vrn print the speech in its entirety. lvvo.hBy the issuing of special stamps, and the striking of the memo rial medo,l, Congress had shown its good will and interest. It remained for the Norse-American people, themselves, to do the rest in order that the contemplated celebrations might be a success, and t.. ey did work \":i th might and _ms.in t:hat the coming events might prove the greatest gatherings of people of �orse blood ever assembled on A.�erica's soil. :''.OTlIER COUNTRY Ilr'l'ERESTED. -��The people of the motherland (Norway) followed �� developments uith keen interest, and when an official invitation, to pi;�.cticip2.te in the festivities, was eent, the·Horwegian Government, through the good offices of our own Department of State, both the Government and Storth­ ing (Congress), responded in the affirmative and sent official representatives. Like,;;isc, the State Church of Norway, on in- vitation of the Norweg ian Iuthere.n Church.of America, se1� its Pri:r::rus, the most Reverend Johan Lunde, Bishop of Oslo, and the Bishop of Stavanger, Reverend. J.C. Petersen. Other Organizations, such as the University of �8. Norvray, the Press Association and others,. sent dele­ gates as well.. 'l'hey were all able and distinguished men and vromen, well fitted to interpret the feeling and vrishes of the people of the mother country in such a historic hour. u+ JI The first impressions one receives, be it of an individual or of a country, are often the lasting ones. :B'or that reason, Uorsemen,in J:icw York, did their utmost to assure our visitors from abroad a royal welcome and an open house. !e V'[-mted them to feel that 1erica 's hospitality was equal to their own. If our distinguished guests arrived in St. Ps.ul in the best of spirits, no little credit is due t heir compatriots in the East, v1ho received them with open ar.GJ.S and sent them on their vray rejoicing. �1 �/ Tl-ie first off icie.l guest to arrive was the ,'.ost Reverend Johan Peter 1,unde, Bi shop of Oslo, Primate of Norway. He vras met at the pier by a Committee of Clergy­ men and laymen, appointed by the venerab le head of the Norvrngian Lutheran Church of America ,. the Rt. Reverend .Bishop H. G. Stub of St. Paul, 1linnesote,. The Committee was composed of the following clergy­ men:. R@Vs.A. O. Bjerke, O. Am.delsrud, S.O.Sigmond, Helmer Halvorsen, J.C.Heire, Chr. Bruun and C.O.Pedersen, e.nd the following laymen: lion. John A. Gade� Messrs. John J.:usaus, .N.Rygg�f The Consul General of Norway, Hon. Hans Fay, met exofficio, as the representative of the Gover 1ment of l.'iorvu::,y, at the Port of New York. �9. While in 1iew York, the Bishop was the guest of the 1 �otherhouse of the rJorwegia,n Luthere.11 Dcc.conesses' Home and Hospital 1 The Norwegian Lu theran Deaconesses I Home and lfospi tal, :E'ourth Avenue & 46th Street, Brooklyn, N .Y. Residence of the Primate of Norway, during his stay in l.ew York. The Bi shop's arrival vrc.::i the occasion of much co:rr..ment on the part of the press, both �erican end Norwegiar - thus, one paper wrote on the eve of h is arrivc.1:- fl� J I'.!� NAn official '.£ by egi n ve� • • - of will wel- d come the arrival tor;1orrow morning, as he stepz off the Stce,m­ ship Bergensf jord at the foot of 30th t)treet ,· the Rir,ht Rev. Johan Lunde, .Bishop of Oslo, Norway, and official representative of the State Church of Jforway to the peo ple of ·Norwegian dcccent jn America on the occ2.cio11 of t:hc lOOdth ----..,... anniversary of Yorvregian immigration to Amer ica. -o.the .. mNor g putatton �re Rev. C.O.Feder-sen, Rector of n nospit l; Rev. Helmer Ha·voLser., Gen r l Juperintendent of the Inner �sto1 of, • ; B v. • J. C • e-rr ion sion; -qev. Christ· c-.n �.Bruun, ._Pas to i'_ o.. Chnrch, 1->ioneer St .. ; Comm&nde'r I• formerly, of the U .Sw.Di l�nJB,tic Servi e; je �resi nt·of Pas to ral ·conferer.ic e; Rev. 0 . rweg heran At 10 o'clock tomorrow !llo.rning, Bishop Lunde and th-€ party vrill proceed with police escort to City He.11., Man­ hattan, where they will be received by :Mayor Hylan. He vrill then be honored at a private luncheon given at the Hotel Astor at 12 o'clock. In the evening, he �ill bring greetings from the Church to the young people's societies of New lork at a service to be held in the Hanson Place '/• .s. Church. He will preach a sermon at high mass Sunday morning at the Seamen's Church, 111 Pioneer Street, h-± in the after- noon, he will attend a concert given by the Accademic Choir consisting of graduate students froTI the Royal Frederick University of' Oslo, Norvre.y, also in this country to attend the Centennial Celebration. The Bishop wi]l preach at vesper service in Trinity Church, Sunde.y evening, and will speak at two public meetings to be held at the Hanson Ple.ce H.E. Cpurch on Tuesday and Wednesday� From New York, Bishop Lunde will entrain for the West, where he expects to visit various congregations and seats of learning connected with the Norwegian Lutheran Church of America. I/ lOo �11 .. 1 n ,. �T orw efi E.n pap er , we re&.d : 11 Gr eat s at i sfE�c t i o n vms exp r e s s ed when th e nevrs came that Bi shop .Johnn Pet er ....unde of O s 1 wa s decigne t e d t o rep r es ent t h e Chu rch of No rway , 'at the co:r1i ng C ent enic.l C e l ebrati o n s . The B i shop i s e.n o l d e.cquai ntanc e , hav ing vi s i t e d eri ca in 1 9 14 , at vrhi ch time he al s o vi s i t e d Bro oklyn , and p r eached the C ent e nni 2,l ermo n lf.e. y 1 7 th . ( THI S REF:EIBS TO T:IZ CErTEJ'.:YI P . O::' NOR ,IEGI _T INDEP:ENDElTCE > !H I CE FELL OH SUYD �Y l!ih.Y 17 th , 1 91 4 . ) Bi shop I.unde r"ilE'..Y truly b e ce. l l e d 8. .,..�::.n or t1:. E; p e opl e , .:- 1 d vre re he rdly mi staken when we stat e that he owe s hi s hi gh p o si ti on to hi s l oc1 der ship emong the mi s si o n , home c..nd f o r e i gn i n t e r e s t e d p eo p l e of th e Church of Horway � 11 Hardly one hour had p as s e d aft er hi s arr iva l (Sc turday , �"e.y 1 6 th ) b e f o r e two mo torcy c l e p o 2 i c emen called at th e I. o therhous e to e s c o !' t tl.. e Bi shop to C i t r H !'.1 2. 1 , ,:t ere h e •rus rec ei v e d n o s t ,sre.c i ov sl y by th e then :�ay o r or t�1c C i t , r:on . .John T' . _:y12.n .. He v�e.s introduc ed to the ..F'.) O r by th e Rev . S . O . S igmo nd , Jlr:St'i.: gf T1iniisty N""-i��.-e-J!�i...tAw-e ·""'ai'm'!roJt"1:,.-,.....E�(JrtW�lf1'"> who als o bri efly s tat e d the r ea s o n for the Bi sho:p t s vi si t to Ame r i c a at thi s t i me . The .day o r exp r es s ed hi s p l e c... sur e at the Bi shop ' s vi s i t , spoke of the go o d quel i t i e s of hi s c omp atr i o t s i n th is c ountry , e.nd al s o e:r.:p res s e d the hop e t h:, t he ·w ould have a pl ee.. se.nt time vr11i l e in t11 i s c oun t ry .. In rep l r , th e Bi shop thanked tl e 1 y o r fo r court e s i e s e.nd c l o s e d �12. hi s r e:-ia.rks by exp r e s s i ng th e v1 i sh th&.t G o d woul d b l e s s the : ·Eyo r cm d en dovr him "i tlJ. s t r ength t o c e,rry on the •:T o rk o f hi s hi gh off i c e .. . -e -� � GA I l'rom C i ty Hal l , the p e.r ty mo t o re d t o Grant ' s T omb , vrhe r e r e li ck� from the l i f e of G en e ral Grant was f r om Gran t ' s T omb , the p2.rty p r o c e e d ed t o vi ewe d , th e Ho t e l 1-s t o r , ,;rh e r e e, lun ch e o n had b e e n e..rr a.ng e d , i n hono r o f th e Bi shop , b t io n o f lTew Yo rk . v6.,-- th e 1 utheran lii ni s t ers ' As so c i a .:.. The :Pr e s i dent o f the .t s s o c i £1.t i on ja,i. RJ, � �����, S anru e �T r exle � p r e s i ded . Dr . T reyl er the f i rs t sp e aker , t h e Rt . Rev . Dr . Knub e l _ -; . Knub l e , Pr e s i ". • • _r7. -µr.--- o f the Uni t e cl .Luth e r'-.n Church of .f ·- c: ri c e. Ar1 e r i c a, n sp ee.king Iuthe ro.n Church body ) o e.ddr e s s e d hi s r er:,arks t o the gue s t o f honor .. " Th e r e l at i o n o f the Chur ch i n i n p 2r t ; that of Europ e i..,� e. l&rg e .,. nub e l H e sai d , . e ri c e.. t oward th1:,t of Et chi l d t owar d i t s mo t h e r .. Re f e lt tha,t th e Chur ch here h£.. d much t o l e e.rn , c.s t o s t r e nc;th � � of fa i t h , e.nd the vri s clo:c1 th2.t comes v! i t:t � exp e ri enc e 11. mo s t syl'!J.p " the t i c c:• n d. !d n clly sp e e ch . // �Dr. :.::o or ehead , l resi oent of the :Nation.:.l :r.uthe r·c.n 13 . C ouncil, sp o1"e on the e qurienical charn.ct er of the Luther- an Church, e.fter which the R ev . Helr1e r Fe,lvorsen o :r e..uc. ience. io intro duced the Bisho p to the �n doing this , he to ok occasio n to giv e e short b iography of th e distinguishe d e;uest .. Bis:i:1 0:p J,unde replied first i n Enclish 2.na. l at er in Norwegian. He lo ved Ame ri ca - he felt that the Old ·world lo oks to the Church of spirit . �1eric&. for rene al of He l o ved the l utheran Church , and he loved th e Christio..n people, no ri1atter rhe r e they came fr o m or vrhtl1:.k.,, � they belonged .,.l;, . 1ilhen the; :Bishop h �.d finish ed, t}r n guests 7ere d e - l i ht e d by the strc1,ins o f Ole Bulls' famous Sonc.lae; 0 ' , 11 ' ipterse;j E:ntenc played from the be.l oony by e.n unknown c.rtist . hfte r luncheon , the Bishop end perty mo tored to the ho me of the C onsul Generc.l of rorr1ey, Hon . Eans F2y , ��ere he visited f or a brief tim e before returning to Bro oklyn .. � In the eveninc , he ad dressed e conve tion of young � un da,y No �regian p eo ple at the Eanson Place Church. morning, :.. :cy 17th , he Sear.1en ' s Church , R ev . Christian Bruun, Pasto r. t 5 CHURCH . �The Church ,e. s cr owded to i ts capaci ty. The .Bi sbo p preache d on th e t ext fo r the day , but als o to ok o cc2sion to bring a gre eti ng fro m the Old Land. I t was an inspi ri ng sermo n , En d vli l l long be re!nemb ered by thos e pres ent . '5 � lJ ,;;J,•• ·J 0GCT tI r-1,T'T-D<SPTG . ; :onda.y aft erno on , a reception v,as held at tJ-_ e Deac o n e s s :othe rhouse fo r No rvr egie.n Pas tors and. th eir v1ives to me et the 3isho p, vhi l e ee.ch eveni ng sav, him busy preaching at s ome church. GROUP OT IUTEERlT PASTORS TAKEN AT TIIE VI SI T or BI SHOP LUNDE . - · � H:'.PIJRVIZ, "1,1' � 1'.bJ. PP.EziS . � UJ., � As might b e ex11 ected , the r e were those who were � i nterested in the Bi sho p ' s vi ews on " Que � tions of the !:l2y" . �hus , th e no ted Journe.list , Fred erick Boyd Steven­ s on, of th e ur o oklyn Daily Eagl e , r e qu e sted an i nt erview ; the f o l lo1,,i ng Sunclay , the Eagl e p!' es e ted a full -pae:;e articl e based on thi s intervievr and the (!. I -- t._ The pap er als o carri ed a 9 Y 12 picture of the Bisho p , in ordi nary vestm ents . (Ee.gl� .li.�ticl ek � � !' ,,mST' BD :BOUND. After fiv e busy day s , our d isti ngui shed vi s i to r left for the V/est � Eere , h e s topp ed first e.t Decorah, Iowa , to partici p2.te in the e;radue..tion exercis es at Luther J �15 .. C o l l eg e ; . l at er , to Nor thfi elcl , .1Ii nn e s o t e. , v:here r... e vras p r e s ent at the Go l den Jub i l e e of St . Ole.f C o l lege - this , howev er , we.s o n ly i nci d enta l . The: ree.l p1.1.rp o s e of hi s . vi si t was t o part i c ipat e i n th e religi ou s s e rvi c e s he l d in c o n ­ nec t i o n wi th the C en t e nni al C e l ebrati o n . A L.. T ,i!ORD • 1 Sho r t ly b ef o r e he l ef t �r ooklyn , he �a s vi si t ed Jfo rdi sk 'l' i dend e 11 , tc whom he s t c�t ed wi.iJ. that " He was de eply t ouched • hi s r e c ep ti on by th e peopl e by a r ep o rt er f ro m the o f Bro oklyn . 11 I t had b e en a gr eevt pleasur e to him t o r enew o l d ac quainta,nc e s and to bri ng'l gr e e ti ng s f rom hi s Maj e s ty , the King of Yo rway , a.s wel l as fr om the J.:i ni s t er� s o c i a­ t i on of l. o rvray1 an d the tvro Bi shop s B j o nnes Jac obs e n and Hognes tad . St.. tea , ·g ood :fro. en.t: oL.hi $� � t y . Ee l e f t th e C i ty wi th the best wi she s f",, ar ';hi s 7 fri ends . �1 6. THE ACADE1�C CHO IR . Arriving on the sa!'Y!.c boat v.ri th Bishop Lunde was the Academic Choir , or as it is also call e d " the Nor­ wegian StudEint Chorus" • composed of professi onal men and women , l av,yers , teachers , doctors ,. etc .,. gradue.tes of the Royal Frederick Uni versi ty a.t Oslo , Norway . The Choir toured this country during the Centennial, under the. auspices of the 11 Norme.nds forbundet11 (Norsemen's League ) , an I nternat ional Associ ati on of Norsemen , wi th . headquarters at Oslo . That they were met wit h open arms £'.nd generous hospitality goes vii thout saying. From the Nor-::cgi e.n Nevts, we tro.n n late the fol lowi ng concerning thc i l' arrival in New York:.- A� .�}?TiT/'l OJ' TEE APAIIE1ITC CHGRUS . I " A gray m.i st hung over the Narrows, as the Custon0 Boat, with a representative of 'Nordi sk Tidcndc ' �board, left her mo orings and nosed her way oce&,nward _t o meet t h e S/S " Bergensf jorcl ' . Hovrnver , the mist li fted with the ri si ng sun , and all vras sunshine and happiness, v1hen the steamer left the �uarenteen Stati on for Pier 30 , Brooklyn . The ship carri ed about four hundred passengers ,', ;av.i eae soon r�::-li EeEl thc..t .BishefJ Lur-i:c.e 'e ee.lette c.:r:i.d 06lPla ruled. her deck. many a hand to shake. tl1 i: stiu;l Q:i:its ' Ther e v1ere many known faces and The si ngers appeared happy and sati sfied , and no vronder. They had had a wonderful trip crossing the ocean. The l�nager of the Choir, �iss Betty Lagercrantz ­ Sorknes enthusiastically pictured the trip as, a dream . . • . • 11 O ne seldom s ees so rue,ny � faces on the pier -� G, S �was the case on the arrival of the 11 Berg ensfj ordtt this time . A great number of the l1lorwegian LutherE.tn Pastors of the Ci ty were there to recei ve Bishop Lunde, . and a sti l l l arger number of " S ingers" {members of th� Nor­ wegi an S i ng ing Soci ety of Brooklyn and others ) wer e ' a there to welcome t heir colleagues from acros s the sea. - - - I, ac s, :ithi IU)'GBI4'ION AEO.A:RB. � � I .,,The singers gathered in the ship's parlor abo ut 10: 30 , where the C hairman of the Recepti on Commi t tee , Dr . P . A. Re qu e ,, • Dr . P . A .Reque . we lcomed them wi th a short and concise speech : 11 You come from Norway to } orsemen in America . You are t he guests of your own peop l e, and we want you t o feel at home here. B e �ssured , si ngers, that al l your songs will fi nd an echo i n our hear t s. and genuine p leasure we welcome you. orway an d the Student C horus . 11 I t i s wi t h deep Three cheers for Lrr . A . N . Rygg, Chai.rman of the Commi ttee of Arrangement s, gave a synop sis of the program arranged for . �11 Aut o - t r ip s thro ugh 1'1 ew York , r e c ep t i o n at the home o f C onsul G en e ral Fay , a trip t o New Yo rk ' s famous C oney N I s land and la s t ly th e : o rwegi an C l ub . - o. st&t e d. that Fina! Cap t . S . J' . Ar .., en , of th e Tran :Xt o baggag e , l o dg i n s t ruc t i ons and the s i ng e s were c a rr i ed t thei r r e sp e c t i v e u to s . " 'F-0-URHTG � XQ.E! . The mi.st hael lift0"1 , e:n<l ''th e sun sh o n e b r i l li ant ly , when the aut o c o rt ege g&,ily de c o ra t e d wi th the Ameri c an and Norwegi an C o l o rs , s t ar t e d f rom No rdi sk T i dende ' s O ff i c e bu i ld i ng on a s i g�t s e e ing t rip o f New York . In r i deal s ummer weathe r , th e thi rty-f i v e au �t s , with smil ing , an ti c ipat i ng s i ng e rs , p ro c e ed e d , und e r the l ea d er ship of Cap t . S . J' . Arn e s e n , as s i s t e d by d e ta i l of i,to t o r cyc l e Polic e . The ro ut e to ok th e vi si t o r s past the Academy o f • . d,_,__ �"1--...__ :il.fu s i c , wli e r e th ey w e r e t o app ear cros s ·<k •.-:;, � .. .. . �.., t hen c e a- .i:.�anhat t an Bri dg e t o New Yo rk . Aft er s ight s e e i ng ar ound th e l owe r p B,rt s o f Manhat tan , s i ng e r s an d ho s t s pro c e e ded t o the r e s i d en c e of the C o n sul G en e ral of No rway , Hon . Hans Fay ,. who gav e a r e c ep t i on i n the i r hono r . '' Af t er the r e c ep t i on , th e j o ur n ey was c o n ti nued up Riv e r s i d e Dr iv e to 15 7 th S t r e e t , Li" �GRANT ' S TOMB Grant t s T omb , and o ther s e c t i ons and si ght s o f i nt er e s t . � C011F.Y ISLJi.ND . ,, •• Then a sp eedy retu rn t o Br ooklyn and abor d B . M . T . Bv.s es to C o ney I s l an d . However , the t i me b ei ng sho rt , there vras no oppo rtuni ty for mo r e than a ca sual v i s i t at thi s f amous p l aygro und . r e c ep t i on at the •• The duy cl o s e d v:i th a NORWEG IAfT CLUB � A bri l liant affai r , at t ended by s ev era l hundr ed of our b e s t kn own ci t i z e ns . The Ban quet Room. vras beaut ifully d ec o r­ at ed in Nati o nal C o l o rs , and exqui s i t e f lowers fi ll ed the room 1"ri th thei r swe e t f ragranc e . Hr . Ant o n Wtt e s e n spoke on beha.lf of th e Norwegi an Club , whi l e Dr . Barc lay spoke f or the gu e s t s . vo i c e d the thanks of the vi s i t o rs , and the i r f i r st day on Amer i c an s o i l calite to a c l os e . The r e remai ned the all - imp ortant t orr.a rr ow , vmen exp e c tant f o rwardlo oki ng pub l i c would me et them at the CL. C onc ert Hall an d judg e th em on th ei r meri t s � ,Ar 4CWE1!fr , The Academy of Eu s i c : S c enes of s o many ev ent s dear to the he art s of Nor s emen i n New Yo rk . Her e ::tfa� en and Ro ald Amunds en re c ei v e d the ove.ti o ns o f thei r f e l l ow �9- 0 . c oun t rymen . H e r e Windfngs tad had held fo rth wi th hi s S c andinavian Symphony , and the l� orweg ian· S i ngi ng So c i e ty . Here Wi l l i am Jennings Bryan spoke on th e 1 7 th o f JJJay , to g e ther vri th the redo ut ab l e publi c i s t Waldeme r Age r , and he re t o o , Norw eg i an Luthe rans hav e co nduc t e d s ome of th ei r imp o rtant r e li gi ous func t i ons , for want o f an edifi c e larg e enough to ac c or.uno dat e the publi c . No wonder our he art s ar e thri lled at th e mer e ment i oni ng of the nam e . ACADEMY O::E' MUS I C , INTERIOR VIEW . I t vras a l t o g e the r fi t t i ng that th e 1 7 th of i ��,y of thi s year happ ened on Sunday . No o th e r day of th e y ear i s dearer t o the heart s of the No rs e- meri can , sav e th e 4 th of J uly , an d no d ay i s mor e sui t abl e for the l'l ors e -Ame ri can vray of c e l ebra ting the 1 7 th tha n Sunday . For t o the ll or s e -.kne ri c an , the 1 7 th of 1,Iay i s a hallowed memo ri al day . I t bri ng s t o hi s mi nd the fo lk love of an anc i ent p eopl e . He i s thri l l e d by the Sagas of hi s anc es tra l home , an d he p r i d e s hims e l f of hi s p i on e e r s i r e s on thi s s i t e of the s e a . Fo r that reas on , hi s c e l ebrat i on lack e d al l that in any vray c an b e t ermed fo r e ign p o l i t i ca l p r opaganda. , he i s at tached to the .N o r thland by the bo nds o f a c ommon heri tage of Saga and song . Ji'i nally , c ame· th e hour 3 P .LI . Nearly thr e e thousand p e op l e fi l l e d the Ac ademy o f Lu.s i c t o i t s utmo s t c apac ity . Says �n The ai r was charg ed as wi th elec tricity ; j<0y a d e:,.:p e crtat i.on ori the r Q.ne- :f el " rt of the 11 s th e curtain went up , one saw on the l eft the S t ud ent Singers , th e ladi es , i n ·1hit e , h1:,l:ln.c, th ei r Academic Cap •��?"" lLL ;:,,.,. on the �rm¢' ,, while th e men were all in full dr e s s. Opp o - s it e th ew on th e right s t ood the m emb ers of the Norwegian Singi ng Soc i e ty of Nev, York and New Jers ey, while two li t tle girls , i n nat ive 11 orv,egi an costume , holding the Am.eri can and .Norwegi an Colors ,. ac t ed as honor guards . 1 • lfr. Lavrr e nce J . Huns on , at the organ ,. intonat ed and led the audi enc e in the singi ng of th e famous old hymn : 11 God Ble ss Our Preci ous Fa therland" - " Gud si gn e vort dyr e fedraland" aft er vtl1ich , th e .Ameri can si ngers , co nduct ed by ► PICTURE OF OLE WINDINGSTAD SaM'.g e rhi l s en" , " A Si nger's Gre e t ing 11 ,. addre s s ed , of c ours e , to the Horwegian Choir . Ole Wi ndi ngs t ad , s ang 1 t To Consul Gen era.l Fay was e, llo t ed the task of gi vi ng the si ngers a verbal welcome . words : 11 'l'hi s he di d i n the followi ng I hav e b e en gi v en the honor� task of sp ee.k i ng fo r all of us wh en w e bid our e;ues t s, y ea I dare say , our fri ends t ..1e Student Sing ers , welcome to Ame ri ca. Of course , i t s true , as many would have it , that � ew York i z not Ame rica ; but i t i s , n everth e l es s , tl e great gat eway, through vrhich mos t of thos e v1ho Yi s i t thi s land pass . For , �2!., . 21 that r eas on, it is fit t ing that s omeo ne should s tand at the thre shold and rece i v e you. m ean s so much. ]'or your firs t impres sion I want t o giv e a word of advice to our gue s t s : a go od l o ok around while you are in N e w York . Hew York but once .. Take One s e e s :B1 or New York t oday and the H e w Yo rk of y e s t erday and of the to mo rrow are thr e e differ ent thihgs . · Things d evelop r epidly over here. We hav e been vis·i t ed by stud ent singers befor e, and they sang thei r way into our he art s. Their visit is ineffac eable in Nors e-Ame r i c an hi s to ry . that his tory will rep eat its elf. We f e el s ur e You will add ano ther pag e to this his to ry, a page t hat is in extricable , co n­ nect ed with all that binds ] ors emen to the old la w . I t is writ t en, t ha t it is not w ell for man to be al one. r t the Academic Male Chorus of 1 905 succ e eded s o we ll, what may w e no t exp ect t his time ,. when t h e Cho rus include s s o many of Norway's b eautiful daught ers ? Not only will the s ongs re ach our he art s, but we can hardly avoid a knightly admiratio n fo r so much feminine charm and b eauty. I nde ed, w e mus t admir e the male singers also, for having t he co urage of thei r c o nviction s, in cho o sing a lady manager, as a mat t er o f co ur s e . That man l e t s him­ s elf b e l ed by a wo me.n is n o n e w thing. ]for is it -a n ew happ ening, t hat a man like s to be l ed by woman, but that �man publicly acknowledges the same , that can only occur in Norway an d in the Nati onal League . 23 . ( This refers to the National League of Brooklyn , whose President at that time was .1.,iss Helen Claussen ) . It is not a mere acci dent that the singers come to us this year. Nei ther is it a chance happening that they are wi th us today, the 17th of .tJay . For the''Students ' Song t above anything el s e is able to quicken our national feeli ngs, and awakens again half-forgotten memories of all that is dear to us on the other side. Norway could send no better representatives to the Centennial Celebrations than the si ngers . They not only represent 1 orvray , they are the embodiment of Norway . 11 ( Prolonged applause ) In reply to the greeting , the lfanager of th e Stu dents ' Choir , Hiss Betty Lagerkrantz-Sorknes , sa id : 11 The best wa.y in whi ch we can reply to your many kind words and good wi shes is by singing •to Tonevald ' ( ' O h Weal th of 'l'ones ' ) . 11 This c ompleted the introduction, and the singers then rendered the follow i ng program of songs : Duri ng the intermission, 1.'r • rne Kildal , Official Norwegian Press Representative to the United States , gave a splendid address on the theme greeti ngs to } orwe.y ; this was followed by the l'Torwegian :N ational Anthem, 1t Ja vi elsker" . �q�fud themselves with credit, ana. the soloists were the recipients of many bec.utiful floral tributes. Likewise, the Choir received a beautiful American Flag, in silk, from �the Singing Society, 11 Lerken" ( th e Lark ) , by its Preside nt, Hr . Olaf Olsen, and th e Vice Pr esident, .diss Nellie Le.rs en . In connnenting upon the concert, th e Nordisk Tidende says: 11 The student singers will undoubtedly have success wher ever they go in the Unit ed States. The Conductor, Mr . Russ, will r eceiv e much prais e for his splendid choir . 11 O f this Nordisk Tidende writes : 11 We live on mernori es of the past. � i;ther they be :pl easant or otherwise, there are alv1ays memories that can­ not be forgotten . Th ey exist in our subconscience, and app ear at longer or shorter intervals, as the case may be. Eight hunared people, celebrating Norwe.y ' s Day of Independence, have added to th eir pl easant me mories an occasion n ever to be forgotten. We refer to the Dinn er given in honor of th e rlorwegian Students' Choir, by the National League and the lfory,egian Singing Society of Brooklyn, at th e Hotel St , G eorge . Truly, it vms a lfational C el ebrc..tion in every sens e of th e word. B eginning vri th the Conc ert aL° the Academy . ·� of .!usic, 1>a�:e · was one continuous f estivity until the strains of 'Home Sweet Hom e ' announced th e parting hour to b e at hand . Though we b e thou sands of ' miles away from our native land, and even though th e blu e ocean separates between the old and th e n ew homeland, yet, instinctively, something within r eacts wh en w e turn th e cal endar lee.f 24 . �25 . t o the 1 7 th of May . P e rhap s , we no tice i t ev e n mo re b e cau s e o f our abs enc e from the o l d home . Onc e mor e " Memo ri e s" as s ert thems elv e s -.- happy s unl i t r:iemo ri e s from our chi l dho o d da.y s , when we march e d p roudly to th e s t i r r i ng me lo di e s of � mus ic and s ong . But , thi s :.cl,, f e s t i va l vms uni qu e , ev e n e:, on2: 1 7 th of' 1.. ay f e s t ivals . 0 The b eau t iful hal l s d eco rat ed wi th N2.t i o nal C o l o r s , ;;u_,,,_� ' �7 the p e op l e thems e lv e s , ::ma. th e pa t r i o t i c 'fesling , s t irred by the p r ec eedi ng c o nc ert , al l c o ntr ibut e d t o enl iven the spi ri t of the o c casi o n . ,, Ev eryb o dy came t o c e l ebra t e 11 Dagen° , the day our mo th erlan d had as s e rt e d her i ndep endenc e , and to pay homage to our c el ebrat e d gu e s t s , th e youth of No rway i n­ carnat e , the woman vrho had r ep r e s en t e d No rway at the I n t e rnati onal C o ngr e s s at \fas hi ngt o n , and fi ne.l ly No rway ' s gr eat e s t livi ng lyr i c , Nil s C o ll e t Voght . I t had to b e n o c ca s i on ext rao rdi nary - i t coulJ no t b e o therwi s e . I e t"S cam ith gr e ti r t thei r nat · u ·from Dr . P . A . R e que , Chai rman of the B an qu et C ommi t t e e , pr e s i ded at the Sp eak e r s ' Tabl e , an d gev e a word of we l­ come , af t e r whi ch he i n trodu c ed as Toas tma s t e·r f o r the ev eni ne , : .r . Ant on We t es e n , of th e 1forwegia.n S i ngi ng S o c i ety . Duri ng the dinn er , • s everal s e l e c t i ons , i n s t rumen­ tal an d v o c al , were r endered by such we ll -known ar t i s t s as : Hi s s 1.::e.rgar eth O l s en , Sop rano ; llr . C arl T o l l ef s e n ,, Vi o li ni s t , ac c ompani ed by hi s wi f e , 11ad.am Schnab e l T o l l ef s e n , on the pi ano . Mi s s O l s en was ac c omp2.ni ed on the pian o by lli s s El s i e Eriks en . The art i s t s all r e c eiv e d mer i t e d o�t i ons . �26 . SFEAKERS . �j The fi rst spe2,ker of the evening was Norway 's Cons ul General in Hevr York , Hon . He.ns Fay . Ur. Fay, having pre­ viously addressed the singers at the concert , conte�ted himself with fev1 rema rks , and by proposing a Hi s Maj esty, l(11. ng Haakon of of the United States ,. Ur.Coolidge audience Banner" . sang tt a toast to President Ja vi elsker 11 and the St ars Spa ngled In introducing the pri ncipal speaker of the eveni ng, /�� 1dr . Nils Collet Vo � the Toastmaster ci ted one of his well-known poems . Silence greeted the famous author as � he rose to g set his countrymen, and , as if in a trance , they followed him fas he portrayed in well chosen words the � homeland in all it s beauty told of the S/S 11 Bergens fj ord" depart �F,ith the s tudent singers . H:' �� I " I stood on the deck" ,'v hel said ,, " As we silented slf,pped ou t toward t he grea t blue sea . I saw the green hilJ s take on a deep blue hu e , and little by li ttle dis appear in the horizon and then no thing but water i water , �hichevcr •,ay we turned . " '� I s aw the se·a guJ ls fo llow us , s aw them circle around us day after day, as we drew near our destination . are There those who will have it that the seagu lls fly from No rway t o America and back but I believe it . return . ful . 11 again .. Perhaps its not s o, Let them ply from Norway to America and Its beaut iful , and I believe in . all th at is beauti- Then Mr . J/J.o � t ouched on the 17th of :Ifay. s aid : - He �l 27. " Las t year , I wat ched the chi ldren's parade o n # Karl Johan (�treet i n 0 G l o, Cap i tal of No rway ) , a,nd I was along in the fi rst Chi ldren's i t /1 lled me v;i th sadness . Parade i n Bj orns on's t i me ( this refers t o the great poet #2 and patri o t , B j orns t j erne B j ornson ) and I rl91nember that many years had passed by si n ce then ; but, wherever �.a p roud of the fac t that 11 I am a No rseman. I I/ go , I One need no t be ashamed of c om i ng from a s mall c ountry, v1hen one spri ngs fro m such a noble race as the No r 4...1... • . " (Thunderous appl ause ) Aft er s ingi ng t1 Go d Bless Our Uob le Ki ng" , the audi enc e gave three cheers for ]� . Voght . �� - Erl i ng Chri s toffers en, spoke for the Uni - vers ity o f No rvray ; Vi c e Consul S t i llesen, fo r the ladies ; ,. rs . Anna Backer , Sorknes n.a,.,,111 �·. sht'l· l�<Olll �,t.,J,.;Ji;tti;••· Bet ty Sagerk rant z - fo r }J o rvray, o n behalf of the Student S i ngers . C: � � �I The ..,.,_�d6iJ, C . IVJi:D BY 11AYOR :_) fr . Voght and :rr . P ryser vrere rec ei v ed by the .1:·ayor, Ho n . John F . Hy lan, _ ro nday a t i o'c l bck. Choir fo rmed at one end of the Mayo r's Rec ep t i on Roo m, The at Ci ty Hall , whi l e newspapermen and spec tat o rs o c cupied the o ther end. As the Jfu.y o r entered the ro om , the Cho i r greeted r...im by si ngi ng our Ne.ti onal Anthem.. The �:.ay or, ddeply to uched , reques ted them t o s i ng the Nat ional Hymn o f Norway, and for the fir s t ti me i n his t o ry, " if heard i n the Ci ty Hal l of 1Tew York . II Ja vi <i'lsker v7as The Chai rme.n of the �Arrangements, Mr . Rygg, made a short presenta t ion speech , after which he, in turn , introduced the Leader , Hr . Rus s ; the Manager, .,_ :i ss Le.gerkrantz -Sorkness ; Mr. Nils Collett Voght , :rr . Pryser to the 1 ayor . n expressed his pleasure at being ablE: to � assi st the f Cor.nnittee in welcomi ng the gue s ts to Nev, York, Mr . and likewise to do his part in giving them a proper idea and perspective of the City . He was happy to do anything that mi e;ht make their stay pleasant . � Later on, he posed for a picture/ �ith the guests on the ste s _ o �J u_,,_ t'•-1« ,1,__..,JI . a 7 �,..y.. •t•-.:;: · . - _:!::---.� City Hall. After the reception, the guests repaired to Battery Park, where they went aboard the City Yacht " Macon" , which had been placed at Bishop Lunde and their disposal, by the _ _ ayor . A beautiful sail up .East Riv er, Harlem River and down the r�udson to :B'ifty -first Street, Brooklyn, ended the singers' stay in New York . and stay it can truly be said : - " They came , they saw , they conquered . 11 28 �29 . O t t o C lau s e n , chi ef r ep r e s entative of 11 No rdmands ­ f o rbun d e t n i n Ame ri c a , a n d impresar i o f o r th e s tudent s ' ch o i r , wri t es o f thei r sub s equent appearanc e s in the Mi d dl e and the far We s t : 11 0n the 1 9th of llci.y ,. the Cho i r g ave the i r c o nc ert at Phi lade lphia , Pa . The r e ar e but f ew Nor s emen the re , but many of the s i ng e r s held , that the appearanc e the r e vras o n e o f th e mos t touch i ng o n the whole t o ur . 1Iany WE:lre p1· es ent v:hom , i t i s s t at ed , had n o t b e en i n t o uch vri th thei r nat ive land f or years . time . �hey s imply had to c ome thi s The n ext c onc e rt vm s held i n Chi caeo . He re the sa,i1e s c ene as i n N ew Yo rk r ep eat ed i t s e l f , w ith conc ert banqu e t 1 and s i ght s e e i ng t rip . H er e , as i n H ew Y o rk ,. they were v1elc omed by the app earanc e of l o c al s i nging s o ci et i e s at the co n c ert .. From now on , the r e v1as a rap i d suc c es si o n of c o nc ert s thr oughout the No r thwe s t - Hadis o n , Vli s . ; De c o rah , I owa , whe r e th ey vi si t e d Luther C o l l eg e , an d vrher e they had th e uni que ex­ p e ri enc e of l i s t en i ng t o thr e e hundr e d young men of s e c ond , thi rd , fourth an d fi fth generati o ns s i ng " Ja vi e lske r 11 i n the No r s e to ngue , and s i ng i t c o rr e c t ly ; thenc e t o Nor thfi eld ,. Ifinn . , home o f S t . O laf C o l l eg e , a n d the wo rld famous Bt Olet"V , St . Olav C o l l ege Cho i r .. Agai n l li nneap o l i s - St . Paul , Sup e r i o r , Duluth , Grand Fo rks , Fargo , Eau C lai r e , IaCro s s e , Sp okane , S ee.t t le , Eve r e t t and fina lly Po r t l&nd ,. where the Cho i r di sbande d . �_ _j 1 30 . � -r=' a.:.t � � �-t Th e cho i r s pe ci a.l i ze d - p erhap s t o o s tr ongly in · o rwegian Folk Song s . Says 1I:r . C laus en : - " I r ememb er i n parti cular the 7 th o f Jun e , Yrh en the s tud en t s s an at the C ent enni al F es t ival i n 1 d nn eap o l i s o From the Sp eakers ' s tand , I gaz ed out o n th e thous ands and age.in thous nncls o f p e opl e p r es ent , - p e rhap s the large s t audi en c e any No r s e Cho i r I ev er/ h� app eare d b efor e . Th en crone " Brudefiavrden ° - ' The Bri da l Party ' by Halfdan Kj Iru lf . 'l'he o l d fe.mi li ar tune.,6 found th e i r way t o the heart s o f the h ear er s . T ears that came w er e qu i ck­ ly brushe d av,ay by s tr ong hands , made hard by hone st to i l . Lat er , a f ew p opular di t t i es crown� the ef fo r t and r e l eas e d the je t t er e d e:m o t i ons . I ' v e s e en a great d eal in th e line of demo nstrati ons , bu t nev er anything to e qual the exp eri enc e of that th1emo � &,y ." H e re , we part wi th th e Academi c Cho i r o f 1 925 . vi s i t now b el o ngs to hi s t ory . The ir To us who had th e p ri vi l eg e of he ari ng .th en s i ng , the i r vi s i t fo rms a pl easant chapt er in our b o ok o f memo ri e s ; t o the :£1 o rse rac e in Ame ri c a , i t adds ano ther l i nk i n . th e bond o f f r i endship b e twe en ki ndr ed p eo p l e . 'f ·i .f .. } -e l,., le hav e no t e d , that b e s i de s Bi shop �unde and th e Student Cho i r , two o the r c e l eb r i t i es arr iv ed on the S/S Be rg ensfj or d" , viz . ,, _ _ r . Tho ralf Prys e r , r ep r es enti ng the No rw egi an Pr es s As s o c i ati on , and. t r . Ni l s C o l l et Voght , No r­ 11 vray ' s mo s t fan�ous livi ne lyr i c autho r . th e Autho r s ' Leagu e o f No rway . Jr . Vo ght r epr e s ent e d I t i s not oft en the.t e,utho rs ply th ei r art abo ard s t e amer s , but J r . Vo ght fo und t i me to wri t e a be aut i ful li t t l e p o em enti t l ed : " The Immigrant " , whi ch he court e ous ly d edi cat e d to the Edi t o r of No rdisk �'l'idende, �- r. A . . Rygg . ,( 31 • � c,e? ) � 'J,q �The pri de of the :Norvregi e.n American Line is the f-, f� (J S/S 11 St avangerf j ord" , a handso me twinscrev1 , battleship- shaped pas.sene;er boat of dati ons for about /¥ ;l o 3c2trtr t ons and v,i t h accommo- passengers . Graceful as e, swan did she dock on the 2nd of June, and di scarded her preci ous cargo of passengers and goods. ,- ,, ,� � " � -. Ij \j Her arrival was momen tous , for she brought over as passengers noted 11.en , representatives of the Norwegian executive Government, as well as legi slative, and a number of others, representing vari ous professions and organi zations. The list incl uded the Kon . C . J. Ha�bro, represent- ing the Horvrngian " Starting" , Parlament ; the Hon . Lars Ofte­ dahl, :;..u nister of Social ,d'fai rs ; Prof . dr. Jfrederik Stang, Rector of the Royal Frederick Universi t y at Oslo, r epresent ­ ing the University and othe r Ins ti tuti ons. of higher learn­ ing ; l� . Gustaf Larsen, representing the Craftsmen ' s Guild and the I ndustries of Norway ; Jlr . Hans Seeland, representing the Farmers' League ; Mr. Peder :Nordby, represent i ng the 11 Selbu Associ ation' ; i,!r . Olaus Islandsmoen, representing the 11 Valdri s Uni. o n" ; llr. Knut 4.farkhus , representing the Sondhordlands Associati on" ; Prof . Absalon Tar13.nger, representing the • 11 Nordhordlands Association ; -rr . Anders Haug, Wilhelm repre s enti ng the " H llingdals sso ci ati on 11 ; !.:r • 1forgenstj erne, representi ng the " Norsemen ' s League" ; and .::.Ir . Inge Solberg, representi ng the � Rotary Club ...-u( �- The following committees' were on the pi er to welcome the d isti nguished guest. Representi ng the lTorvregian Govern- �ment , Ho n . Han s Fay , C o nsul Gen eral of No rway ; r ep res en t ­ i ng the C ent enni al C ommi t t e e , C o:m..'!lander John Gade , Chair - 32 . man ; Edi t o r A . N . Rygg ; R e c t or C . O .P eders en and :l\Ir . Fr e d Werner . R ep res enti ng the Lutheran Church , Rev . Helme r Halvo r s en and Rev . Keef er . R ep res enti ng the Br ooklyn Ro t ary Club , C ap t . S . J . Arnes en . Commander Gade , i n v1e l c omi ng the gu e s t s sai d that 4 a eu gueat.lil came to a country whe r e No r s emen had no t for­ go t t en th e i r nati v e l and , whi l e they , at th e s am e time ,. vzere lawab i di ng and ;r esp e c t e d c i ti z ens .. He concluded by bi dding them a hearty welcome and expres s ed the hop e tlj.at th ei r s o j ourn i n thi s country might be full of enj oyment . Rev . dr • Ke ef e r , rep r e s enti ng the Nat io na.l Luthe ran C ounc i l , gr e e t e d th e gu e s t s on b ehalf of the Luthe ran Church in Ame r i c a . J:Jr . Hambro an swered o n b ehalf of th e d e l egati on . Sai d he , i n part : - " We , who have come t o Ame r i c a , f e e l the,t we are me t wi th open heart s . Vie know we shal l have a. never t o b e fo rgott en exp er i e nc e • 11 The Cus tom having gran t e d the offi c i al del egat i on exemp t i on , i t was but a f ew moment s b ef o r e th ey � 0-iii. si h1G were on thei r way t o the Bi ltmo re and C ommo do r e Ho t els , whe r e they s t ay e d duri ng the i r vi s i t in New York . At one o ' cl o ck , a lunch e o n was gi ven the del.egat e s and commi t t e e s by C ommander Gad e at th e Univ ers i ty Club . H ere Mr . Oft edahl to ok occ a s i o n to vo i c e the app reci at ion o f the vi si t o r s fo r the warm wel c ome th ey had r e c ei v e d . Commander Gad e an sw e r e d by s ayi ng : 11 Your p eo p l e ar e my p e op l e and your Go d rrry Go d ." 1 �Aft er lunch , a sightseei ng trip t o ok the delega tes about seventy miles around New York and i ncluded aJnong o ther places of interest, the Norwegian Hospi t al e Duri ng thei r stay J,i,.1�!!i:iiii=lW'lrea=:1=:'=:.1: ::k ; the delegates were received by t he May or , ' Hon. John F. Hylan, at Ci ty Hall, and likewise were Messrs . Hambro , Oftedahl , S tang and Morgenstj erne received by the Governo r of the S tate, Ho n . Al fred E. Smi th. After luncheon, gi ven by .i:�r. Cappelin Smi th , at t h e Bankers' Club, Wednesday, the guest s conti nued thei r j ourney to lli.nnea:p olis, Minn : No t o nly were our guest s recei ved royally when they arr ived from Norway, but al so upon th ei r return from Jn�-a:p oli s·. On the eve of thei r departur �, a banquet - -'h Cl·ir':4::t;: �,_,__ f-<1"t l'ld-\�t was gi ven in t heir honor by the Norwegian Club_,.... 1;M Dr . Reque . as To astmast er, b egan by stat ing that i t was over one thousand years since Norsemen fi rst vi si ted America , though he was no t here at t hat time. happy to call upon our beloved Consul General . speech the Consul General sai d : - He was In hi s " Love of Co untry, l i ke all love , reveals i tself in two ways .. Love o-f t he Soil an d the l ove of the p eo p l e .. We Norsemen have plenty of the former, and all honor t o us fo r that ; b�1 t , what we often lack is the proper love of o ur peo ple - j oy o ver our peo ple's abili t ies - attachment for t hei r in stituti o ns - enthusi asm for t he goal they have set for the mselves . t his . Yet , we may be happy about We need no t hearken back to t he past . What we have 3 3. �lived to see is great enough. When o ur descendants rea d histo ry, the pages that co ver the reign o f fu?.akon the Seventh, will c o nstitute interesting and inspiring read­ ing. The years 1905, 1914, 1925, vrill fo rm a glowing inscription on the monwnE:!nt gra ced by the emb le�fing Haakon . Our descendants ·will know· to o, that in this year, the• President of the vrorld's mightiest Republic said of our co untrymen : 11 I know that in your hands our c ountry is secure. " Pro uder an d happier words have never been addressed to any people. history. For that reas o n, let us honor contemporary Let us likewise honor the institutions under vrhich vre live, both here and on the other side. to King Haakon and President C o olidge. The speach vras followed by 11 Ja vi elsker 11 • toast Later in th e evening, :.r . Oftedahl addressed the guests in the fo l l owing w ords : 11 7e are just a little sad of heart tonight. the last evening we are permitted to be with you . It is We return to o ur homes vrith a me.rked feeling of admiration for v1h2..t vre have seen of you and your ac c omplishments . V{e have listen ed to th e President tell of what you have ·been to Arneric e., an d this is what we will tell the people at home. Our j ourney has been one co ntinuous revelation fro m the first meeting on the deck of the " Stavangerfj ord" . We thank you for all this overwhelm­ ing amiability, which we ac cept as a ho mage to our dear old motherTh.and, vi ith its hieh mo untains and deep blue fjords, and I ask you all to drink a to ast t o this ls,n d , vrhi ch vre all love so vrell. 34. �35 .. Hr . ....., gue s t s . i ng . Chri s t ophe r s en spoke i n hono r of the Ssi d h e , i n part , as f ol low s : - " I t i s wi th d e ep j oy w e gre e t our gue s t s thi s even­ We are gathe r e d about a connnon he ri tag e , common memori e s . P e rhap s , we as sumed t o o much vn1en w e ask e d y o u t o b e wi th us toni ght . Pe rhap s , i t wer e b e t t er if you had gone ri ght on wi th the impr es s i ons you he,v e from the great Northwes t , an d all the fi ne men you me t th e r e .,, But , mc>.y I s ay to you thi. t we to o hav e abl e men among us . Peo p l e I vrho hav e se,cr i f i C e d much . Chur ch e s , et c . , att e s. t to that . Our Hosp i t aljf', our Li k ewi s e , i t b ears wit tness to the fac t that ' w e hav e kep t that whi ch i s i n,._,, -tac t . nc/t. s e R ememb er , we ar e Ho rs emen , and our heart s b eat for tha t whi ch i s Nors e . Gov e rnment an d Parl ament . A t o a s t t o the 1Torvregi a.n Mr . Chr i s t ophe r-s en was f o l l ow ed by Mr . Hambro , vrho s e el o quen c e i s known far l) eyond the boundri e s of No rway .. 11 Wh en I l o ok out o n thi s gath eri ng'! sai d he t " I s ee a goo d many f r i ends of bygo n e day s . Wet l e s en , whom I play e d wi th a s a chi l d i n Berg en ; Chri s t ophers en , my sp lendid s e c r e t ary duri ng th e Uni ve rs i ty F e s ti vi t i e s ; Edi tor Rygg and many o thers . Now that w e ar e gather ed he r e th e l a s t evening of our s t ay wi th you , my c ount rymen and fri ends , we t ar e happy to say that we do appreci at e what you he.v e do ne for No rway . Know , that whatever b efal l s the p eopl e of o ur rac e , wh e r eve r they may b e , c o nc e rn s u s . ac t i ons , we are b e i ng j udge d . For by your By the s ame t o k en ,. your suc c es s i s ours , your Joys and your so rrows are our j oys and our so rr ows . 1'ha t ' s how i t i s .. We wi sh you g o o d. lucl( and �36. che er . Final ly , �, Tr . Voght made a f ew c lo s i ng r emarks , e.nd the r.1emo rab l e evening came t o e n end . T i r e d , but happy , our gu e s t s l eft l'i ew York two day s 12. t e r , and thei r v i s i t had pa s s e d i n t o hi s t o ry . LEIV EIRIKSSOU S QUARE . Sho rtly af t e r th e Aca demi c Cho i r had vi si t e d N ew York , �n Q just b efo r e the arr i val of the offi c ial r ep� e s ­ entati v e s t o the C ent enni al F e stivi ti e s , at : inne ap o l i s , ther e to ok plac e a c e l ebrati o n at Br oo k ly� , N . Y . , whi ch for the s i z e o f the part i c ipati ng publi c , as we l as £.=· � charac t er , s t ands uni que i n the c ivi c hi s t o ry o f No r s e ­ Amer i c an s . We r ef e r to the dedi c ati o n of L e i v Ei riks s on S qu&r e an d the (7��' that t o ok pla c e immedi at ely b efo r e . Fi rs t of al l , vre shall gi ve our r eader the fac ts i n c onne c t i o n wi th t h e nami ng of the s quar e . The effort made by var i ous So c i e t i e s and i ndivi dual s , to bri ng b ef o r e the e r i can publi c the name of L e i v Eiriks s on and the sto ry _ of hi s val o r as and the f a c t that w e Hundre dth l c sa i lo r and an exp l or e r , ere about to c el ebrat e the One nniv ersary of the arrival of th e f athe r of mo dern J:To rv1 egi an Immigra ti on , Kl e<tng P e e rs o n , and hi s fo rty o dd c ompa t ri o t s , vrho l anded i n the Port of :Nev; Yo rk on the s l o op " R e s t o rat i o n" i n 1825 , caus e d i nt e rest ed p e rs on s to di s c uss the p o s s i bi l i ty of c reat ing , here in Nev, York C i ty , a l cLS t i ng mo numen t to Lei� Ei riks s on and are as s o c iat e d wi th thi s c o untry . �37 Fron the v ery fi rst , the m�tt r rec eived the who le-heart ed suppo rt of � evcral v,o ll-knovm men in th e Bay Ri dge communi ty , -0 sp e c i ally tho Hon . ChoJ:les 'J . Dunn , Al d rman of the :P o rt i eth Alder!'t.;..ni c Di stri ct . An Exocut iv Cornmi ttec vrs.Ei fo rmed , consi sti ng of Rodney 'l' . :Am.rt i ns en , 1 t t o rncy-&.t- lav; , &pt . S . J . Arne­ r . A. n. Rygg , and the ReV-,,. C . O . Pedersen . ing ·rnre added to the �IJ,,(., Leit er , the fol lo w­ t.t,,_ n ., ;� ..� �, Helen O laiwcn , l)rcf3i dent , 1:To rvregi nn lfo.ti ono.l ou sro . O . C . . Chrio toff ,r an d I1'rcd le rncr, emi' the Rov,s Olo.f Jonswold -0f • i" 'v .Q.li � � � «< . -f �- 3· �� J -f1t. �� tcr clue deliberation , the cor,tr.11 tt eo oucgeo t ed that • 1 0 pal'k area menti oned in the rco lution • p1•intcd i n th:!.s be no.med : �� ' � LIRIK1.l SOli • .;;;;...;.,;;.;...:;;;:.= The rnt.. tt or wao then tole en up ·7f. th the Park Comrni nui onc r of the Borouch of Bro oklyn , the Hon . Edvrc.rd T . O ' I.c.ur,hli n , i n u. l o tter da.to d '<arch 30th , part of whi ch io he reby rcpr oduccd : " -:1.'hc ycur 1c 25 rrmrko th One Hundredth Anni ­ veroary of modern Norwegi an i101i13ro.ti or1 to th e Uni tod otate o . I t WElO fn the y ear 1826 that Klo�c; Pccroon sail ed from tho Ci ty of S tavanger , Uorway , on tho sloop "Res torati on" \'Ii th the firs t � hipload of i. 11nieriinta , landi ng t ttcry Pla.c o , Jfo�, Yo rk . :3y a co inc i dent , i t nao aloo from ti1io place that !i rik the Red unct hi s o on , Lciv 1'1i rikn oon , nearly t e n c an turi en b ef ore , sai l o c.l t o I celand , L e iv lo.t or on , maki ng hi o hi s t oric boyngo to Vinland . The Centonnry i o bei nr, c elcbrat od in mnny_ parto o f the Uni on. In inncsota , th e c elebrati on \7i ll be ho no red ·by the ::prcocncc of the Prcoi dent , ,r . Cooli dge . 1'hc Gov orno ro of fi o oi '-lt ippi , No rth Dakoto. , Co lorado , on­ tuna t:.nd anncn o ta , a.11 of 1hom u.rc of rorvrnr.;i a.n doo ccnt , vri ll ·1.l (;o participn.to . We feel thr.t th , oc caoi on io of Gu ch i:mpo 1'tancc hi □ tori cully , that the Ci ty of Nc\'T York io t,ome Flanner ought to tciJ._ o pur t , c ....p c c i o.l ly in vi C\7 of the fuc t trw.t i t vrau here th e fi ro t i�unigrant s lo.n ed • . In r;o i nc over t.r n o i tuati on , \1c tlf;reed th t o. fi tti nr; memorie-1 to the Uo rwo�i un rao c in tl is Ci ty . vrould b e the m1.ni ng of n Ci ty o trcct or aqua.re in thei r favor , and , t the OU c o o ti on of 1 • Dunn , I am cnclooi ng herewi th a. ro ur;h oketch o f 011 area. , whi ch the Comni t te e hereby rcopcctfully roqu c o to b e rm.mod : J.Ji:IV EIRIKSDOU SQ.UARE It is th e hop e of tJ1c Corm1i t t o c tho.t o. li ttlc lat r on , uc mo.y be blo to ere c t , wi th th e. per i so i on of the Parkf Dopo.rtrnon t , a monument of Leiv , the Di o ­ c overcr , o omcul cre o n the adj oining po.rklnnd . 11 �113 . C oro.mios ioner O ' Luu5hlin wao much intereotcd in the propo si ti on and Hft er � so.ti ori guve hi o c om1 o nt . \!hon the rnu. tt or firs t co.ric befo re the Board of Alclcrmen , on Apri l ?th , the Com.mi saioncr vmo p1,eo cnt , in IJ CTfJon , to e., poo..k in bch..J.lf of the mcaou1-- c und t o ure;o i ta ndo:p ti on by the Board ; hmv e-vor , i t wao lo.id ove:r until Apri l 14 th , vrhcn i t t/Cl.� pr es ented by Ald crmo.n Dunn in tho fo llowi ng reo oluti on : 0 Rer.r nlvcd , That thE:! :pe rk ar ea bounded by tho oautllorly s ide oi' 66th o troe t , the v1<w tel'ly o i dc o f F o r t Hami lton parkvniy , the; northerly c i (lo of 6? th s tree t ci.rHl tho ons to:t:ly side vf l�our th Avenue , ill tho lloroue;h of 13r ooklyn , be · f.ncl tlw fltunc he reby is named and hereaftci.. Hlic,1 1 b e kuo-i.m e.nd clr.:o ignated ao Li o,; Eirikr.m on Square , o.nd tho Oommh·H.1 i onor of Parko be and hm.' uby io u.u tho ri zccl 1io no te uuch n�ina on the mapa o.n reco 1·du of hi � ofi'i c e o , Alderman Dunn mov ed thut tho foregoi11.g res ol­ ution be s.mcnded by s trikinc thercf1--om the word " L1 ev0 and ins erti ne in plo.c e thereof tho wo rd u Lciv" . Ado:p to<l . The Ac ti ne Prcoi clont thon put th e quosti on ·wh ether the Board troulct ag1•ce wi th sa.i d rep o rt and adop t ouch r e oo luti on • o. s amemlod . Uhi c" i. wau clo c i dod in the affirnmti vc . 0 I t wi ll bo no t ed that the roo o lution wns unanimously adop t ed . Aft e r i ts adop ti on by th e Boo.rd · oi' .t'. ldormen , the rco o ltv.i on vme u cmt t o the ��te.y or fo r hi u approval . In t.hio mr,.:, t t f!r , the 0or:urJ. ttec had the ·v"aluablc o.0 oi s tanc e of tho Ac t inc; Pros idcnt of the :Bon.rd , the Lon . Wi lli..'°'m 't . Collins , \1ho l.) e ru om lly i..i,rrnngcd t o have two o f th e oommi ttoe pres ent a t tho oi gni ng o f tho rco o lution . - � 'l'h c lit: yor aeco:rnpc.ni ed the approved r:100.suro • - I v,i th so nplcnci d mcno randum i�� r� • _. �.-• ' ·• "" . . ,.--ai; tho nue;e;oo ti on of Presi dent Collino , thr o e extra c opi es were ui e;nod l>y the �nyo r , •o ne of whi ch ·wi ll be s en t to the No rs o-.Amcrican Muo oum , Luther Co llege , De cora , Ia . Ano ther copy wi ll bo ocnt to tho :1rn cuni at Ll tavanr,or , N'orwny , from v,hence l,ei v Ei riko son of old and I:le/ng Peoroon of Ono Hundred yearo " CO sai led forth . Vic a.re groo,tly indcbtecl to tl1co c ecn tlemen fo r tho ldml intereot they ho.ve taken in thio nnttcr , w1d thci r mun.cs ii'T i1-l f orover be uri s o c i utod wi th th e naming o f. Leiv Ei riku oon Square . �• �-C 1 TY O F N E wYO R K O F F I C E O F T H E M AY O R Ap ril 17 , 1 92 5 . T o the Honorable , The Board o f Ald e rme n . Gent lemen : I t i s with part icular p le asure that I aff ix my s i gnature to Reso lut i on Intro ductory No . 12 75 , G . O . No . 138 o f th e Board o f Aldermen , de signat ing Le iv Eirikss on S quare in the Borough o f Bro oklyn. Wi th i n a ye ar ' s t ime we shal l app ro ­ pri at ely commemo rat e the Thre e Hundredth Anni versary o f the Found ing of the C i ty of New York . I t i s fi tting th at this sh ould be done , for hi st ori cal asso ci at ions and re c olle ct ions mu st e ver b e dear to the hea rt of the t rue patri ot and a so urc e of neve r-ending i nsp ira tion to all men . But the name o f Le i v Eiriksson , the bold No rseman , chronicle d in the I c e l andi c Sagas , who , with hi s open b o ats and hardy s ai lors , feared not the wi de was te s o f the roll ing Atlanti c , i s as s o ciated wi th th e founding o f Ame ri ca as far back as 1 000 A. D . \ �-2- Wh at b oy ha s forgo tten , even in the maturer ye ars o f life , t he p i ctures of the Northmen ' s sh ips wi th thei r dark ravens up on the s ai l s , symb oli c o f the s wi ftness and t he ne ' er-do -die sp i ri t o f the i ntrep i d adventere rs , and t he fantas t i c dragons ' he ads , mounted high up on the p r ows , i nfo rming all st rangers o f the s trength and the prowe s s o f the fair-hai red warriors , to whom ne i the r dis tance nor peri l was but the play o f a chi ld? I c e land and Greenland we re , p e rhap s , the fir s t t o fe e l the sure tro d of the valorous No rs emen ; but New England , wi th it s smi l ing vine s o f wi ld grape s and whi ch prompte d Ei riks s on and h i s follower s to name th i s p or t i o n o f our t erri to ry , n vinland" , was , in all pr ob abil i ty , t he f i rst s e ct io n up on wh i c h ac tual hut s or hab i tations were bui l t by the Norse p i o neer s . We are to ld that t he s tory o f the Nor s emen , who dep ende d upon o ar and s ail and cour age and s t r ength t o exp lore t he c ruel was t e s o f t he Atl ant i c and the land t o the wes t , di d no t reach the Europe of o ld at the t ime of the ir di s c overi e s . The C i ty of New Yo rk howe ver , i s de termine d , t hrough t he naming o f a S quare , si tuate in the po pulous Fort Hami lton s e c t i on of our c i ty , i n honor o f Le i v Eirik s s o n , t o embalm i n our rec ords , �-3- for p r es ent and future ge nera t i ons , an a de qua te rec ogni t i on o f the va lor and the s ervic e of the bo ld men o f the North who s e sp irit o f c onque st and adventure sp urr ed on the l ate r p er i o ds o f dis c ove ry and explorati on wh i ch made out o f an unkno wn regi on the gre at est nat i on under the canopy of Go d ' s b lue heaven. Very t ruly yours , M a y o r . �J M BER 1 5 772. NEW YORK, THURSDAY, APRIL 9, 1925. T H E C I TY R E C O R D._ ____ __ J c: : :J.£L 1 )!.i;jo. ;ra No. 1275 ( G. O • N C. 1 ,l"8 ) • l ' 11 , : R.esolut ion Design ating Liev Eiri ksson S quare 1• 11 th e B orough of Brookly n. By Alde rman D unnR olv_e d, Tha t the pa rl� a rea bounded by the southerly of 66th s treet the � w. e ste r ) � i de of Fort H amilton parb,·ay, the north rly side side of 67th street a n<l the �aster1Y s ide of Fourth avenue, in the Borough of Berooklyn be and the sa me hereby � n n e d <1;nd_ herea fte r s ha ll be known and designa ted as Lrn� Em[KSSO� SQUARE and e c0m 1111s s 1011e r o f _Park� be and h e reby is authori zed to note s uch naming 01; the maps anc1 record s o f h 1s office . . Refe rre d to Commi ttee on Public Thorou ghfa re s . Subsequent!y re ference recon­ side red and mat ter made a Gene ral Order for nex: m e eting. 1 :t �In t. No. 1275 ) . R.esolution Designating Liev Eiriksson Square i n t he Borough o f Brooklyn. Res olved, Th at th e p ark a re a bounded by t he s outhe rly side of 66th s t re et, t he we ste rly side of Fort H a milton p arkway, the nor therly side of 67 th st reet a nd the easte rly s ide o f Fou rth avenue, i n the Borough of Brooklyn, be and t he sa me h e re by is na med a nd h ereafte r sha ll be known and des ignated as Lrnv ErnrKSSO:<r SQUARE, and the Commis sioner of Parks be an d hereby is authorized t o no te s uch naming on the map s and records of hi s office. Alde rman Dunn mov ed that the foregoing resolution be amended by s tr iking there­ from the wo rd "Liev" and insert ing in pl ace thereof the wo rd "Leiv." Adopted. The Acting President then pu t the qu es t ion whethe r the Board would agree with said repor t an d adop t such resolution, as amended. Which was decided in the affirmative.by the following vote : Affirmative-Aldermen Allen, C ampbel l, Cardan i, assidy, Corcoran, ox, unni11g­ ham, Cu rley, Dalton, Donovan, Dotzler, Dowd, J Junn, Falconer, Fenn, Fitzpat r ick, Frank, Friel, Graubard, Halberstadt, Hannoch, Harvey, Henrich, H ilke meier, Joyce, Kaltenmeier , Ke lle r , Ke lly, Kiernan, Lenih an, M cCann, McCusker, McGa rey, M cGillick, McGuinne ss, McManus, Maste r son, Mahon , M eyer, M or r is, Murtha, O'Leary, O'Reilly, Rudel, Schmitz, Schwab, Smi th (J. R. ) , Smith ( J . W. ) , Stand, Sulliva n ( E. J . ) , Sullivan (J. W. ) , Sullivan (T. J. ) , Sullivan ( W . P. ) , T an ah ey, W al sh, W e be r, Will iams , Wir th, Ze ttler ; P re s iden t Mille r , by James J. H agan, Assis tant Commiss ione r of Public Works ; P resident Guider, by Joseph Fennelly, Assis tant Commis s ioner of Public \i\Torks ; Pres i­ dent Bruckn e r, by Wi lliam J . Flynn, Commissione r of Public Works ; Presid ent Connolly, by W. Augustus Shipley, Assistant Commi ss ion er of Public Works ; Presiden t Lynch, by David S. Renclt, Commissioner of Public V\Tork s ; the Acting President-65 . �RESOLUTIONS AOOPTED BY THE BO ..RD Ot .ALDERMEN . In the City Rec ord for Thursday, April 9th appears t he fo ll owing: - No . 127 5 ( G . O . No . 138 ) RESOLUTION DESIGNATi lTG LIEV' EIRIKSSON SQUARE IN THE BOROUGH OF B:h OOKLYN. By Alderman Dunn - R e s olved, That the park ar ea bounded by the s o uther­ ly s ide of 6 6 t h S tr e e t, the We s t erly sid e of Fort Hamil t o n Parkw ay, t he Nort herly s ide o f 67 t h S t r e e t and the Eas t erly s ide o:f l'ourth Avenu e , in the Boro ugh of Bro o klyn, be an d the same her eby is named and hereaft er shall be kno wn and d e s ignat e d as li ev Eiriks s on S quare, and t he Commi s s ioner of Parks be and her-eby i s authorized to no t e suc h naming on the map E:l and r ecords of his of fic e. Ref err ed to Co:rnnit t ee on Public Thoroughfare s. Sub s e quen t ly reference r e c o nsidered end ma t t er made a Gen eral O rder for next me e ting . And., on April 14t h, app ears the followi ng res o lut ion, a s it vra s finally a dopt ed : -• G . 0 . 138 ( Int .No . 1275 ) RESOLUTION DES IGNATING LIEV EIRIKSSON S �UARE IN THE BOROUGH OF BRO OKLYN . RESOLVED, That the park ar ea bo unded by the southerly s ide of 6 6 t h S tr e e t , the we s t erly side of Fort Hamil t on Parkvray, the nor therly s ide of 67 th S tr e e t , and th e eas t erly side of l,' ourth Av enue, in th e Borough of -B r ooklyn, be and t he s am e he reby is na.m ed and he r eaf t er s hall be known and des ignat ed as Liev Eiriksson S quare , and the Commi s s i on er of Parks be and her eby is authoriz e d to n o t e such na�ing o n t h e maps an d records of his office � 41 .. �alderman Dunn moved that the foregoing resolution be amended by striking ther efrom the word 1 1 L iev 11 insert i ng in place thereof the word " Leiv ' . and Adopted . The Acti ng Presid ent then put the question whether the Board would agree wi th said report and adopt such resolution , as amended. Which was decided in the affirmative, by the foll�v ­ ing vote : (Una.nimous) . That the lforv1egians of New York looked forward to the da,y of dedication with great anti ci pati on is not say­ ing too much . Not only di d the Norwegian Press write voluminous articles on the approaching celebration , but the American Press as wel l . Thus, th e New Yorlc American carried the followi ng editorial i n its Brooklyn issue for Friday, ·�y 22nd � - 42 . �43 . The " Nordi s k Ti dende" , ever a fri end of all that pertai ns to the .welfare and advancement of our p eopl e , writes edi tori ally the 16th of April : - The announcement f ound on anothe r page of " Nord i s k Ti dende 11 that the Board of Al dermen h� adopted the resolution naming the area between 66th and 6 7 th Streets, from Fourth Avenue to Fort Hami l ton . Parkwa.y, wi 11 be enthus iasti cally recei ved by t.iile Norse resi dents of Brooklyn . The acti on of the . Board wi ll be looked upon as a courteous acknowledgment of the Norse peopl e as a valuable factor i n the American community � The res oluti on comes at a very auspi ci ous ti me, when we are bu sy getti ng ready for the festi vities in connec ti on wi th the C en- tenni al for l�orse Immi grati on to Ameri ca. I t has been menti oned that a more sui table name than " Leiv Ei riks son Squ are11 might ha.ve been founq . In thi s connecti on, i t i s well to bear i n mind that i t we, s neces s ary to fi nd a name belongi ng both to Norse and With th is i n mi nd, the.Janem Lei v Ei rik ­ u s son i s no doubt the most sui table . Ameri can hi story . The Commi ttee i n charge , as v,ell as Al d erme.n Charles W . Dunn, have not f i ni shed thei r work as yet .. re-soluti on must be si gned by the :ayor, before it i s an accompli shed fact . on that score .. 'l'he We do not anti cip2te any di ffi culty When Leiv Eiriks s on Square i s final ly beauti f i ed as a park, anc'� e. monu.ment of Lei v erected , 1:ors emen will have a place i n the City that can be poi nted to wi th pri de . • �Free translatien) I; �44 . Agai n i t v1r i t e e on the 23rd of cap t i on : ----• ,. J.; c ertainly canno t pril , und er the I C I TY FOR LEIV . 4� &a;,r that I.eiv Ei riks s on d o e s no t e e t enou€rh publi ci ty thes e day s . i s i n the ai r . The ne..ne L e i v Th e lat e s t i n co nne c ti o n v:i th the ac ti on taken by he �o ard o f Al d e rmen , i n nami ng a l�rg c p ark spa.c e af t e r the c e l ebra t e d for s e di s co v e r er .. Thi s c on­ t i nuous an d v e ry eff e c ti v e p ropaganda for Leiv E i r iks s o n i s bo und t o hE.t.ve i t s eff e c t o n th e lilll.e ri c an pub l i c . Ev en the mo s t obdure,t e opp onent mus t eventue.lly give i n , vll en co nti nua lly confront ed vii th the fac t that i t was }'!"or s emen that fi rst put thei r fo o t on kner i c an . , ,, S O l .L • v1ri t e s : - Home Talk , � I t i s th e so urc e o f no l i t t l e sati sfac t i o n to many r e s i dents i n Be.y Ri dg e that the op en spac e , bounded by Fo rt Hami l to n Parkway , S ixty-eighth LEIV EIRIKSSON SQ,U.t..RE S t r e e t , Fourth venu e and S ixty-s ev en th S t r e et , has b e en na.I'le d II Lei v Ei riks s on S quar e , i n honor of the hardy No rs eman vrho i s c r edi t cd vri th b ei ng the fi rs t vrhi t e man to s e t f o o t on Ame r i c an s o i l . 'l'he nam e o f the s quar e i n hono r o f thi s hero i c figur e ras brought ab ou t larg ely thr ough the eff o r t s of 1. derman Charl e s W . Dunn , who , ac t ing up on th e r e qu e s t of the Rev . C . 0 . P e ders en , Sup er ­ i n t end ent o f the lw rwegi an Ho sp i t al , a nd a numb er of o ther men o f promi n e nc e , intr oduc ed a me asure to thi s effec t du ri ng a r e c ent Al dermani c s e s s i o n . promp tly si gned by Eay o r Hylan . 11 Thi s meas ure was �45 . The 'Ie ekly , wr i t e s 1;evr s , e di to rial ly on the 22nd of May : 'J'h e elioi<:<' of the rn1me, I.cif;...� Square, for the park �ecf ion honnded by 66th and 67th sts. on the north and south , and hy Fort Hn milf on pkwy. n n d 4th ave .- on the r,ast and W<,sL !urn !wen 1 crm rd nn hon o1· to the• Norwegian prople of Bny Ridge. 'l'hat is 111H l011bt rdly w lr n t t h is grsturc hy t h e city fathers 1>1is i n t c•11 drd t o be. But it is far m ore. It is nn l1onor and ; d istinr:tion 10 Bay H,idge itself and to the people of al l p ees �·and nat ion a l it.ics 1·esiding witllin i t s bo1'ders, 1 o be l inked with t h e : name and deeds of this gl'ent No1·wegian explor:e1·, who is .sgrrw r:i lly cf·cditcd with hcing t h e fi rst whit e man to l and on • XOJ' f I i. Anw1·ican soil . "' I ,rif Erikssf•n, OJ' Hriccsfln , m· fJr·ifr R i 1·iksson, as h is name spell rd, was 1 he first known Bm·o1Jrnn d iscoverer ..' ofif- variously w h at he called Vinland, or " Wineland t h e G oo<l, " in North '.'. .\ merica. Careful perusal of history and of the Sagas of' Eric � !le llecl indicate that the Vinland found by Leif was some , : art of southern Nova Scotia . The d iseovc1·y canrn about, as ill ,o many land discoveries lrnvr, notflbly Col umbus ' discovel'y , of A m erica, thr0ugh missing the goal aimed fol'. In this case, 1'' it was G reenland wh ich Leif had been comm issioned in the ycnr , 1000 hy the King of Norway to proclaim Christianity in. Thus, ,. he wa s n, pioneer in th e spreading of Christianity as well as in discovering 11 cw l ands. Stormy weather threw his ship far off i t s course to l ands " of which. he h a d previously had no knowl edge . " This was Vinland. And so, this intrepid Nor5c 1mil 01·, scion of a long l ine of noted Vikings and son of Eric the H.ed, himself an explorer and colonizer of renown who wns the founder of the earliest Sc:mdinavian settlement from I celand in G reenland, in the yrar 985, hecarne the first discovcrel' of )J OJ't h America. • for this achievement in 11 0 • O iv ing fnll credit to • . way dims the glory of Columbus ' discovery 492 years lutrr. Fol' f h rrc w n·s no immediate benefit derived from Erikssen 's d isro very, wh<:reas Columbus ' exploit really Jed to th e opening of t h e rn1w world and its colonization. I t was not until about a century ago-the 100th anniversary wil1 be celebrated in St. Paul next month-that the Norwegian people started to emigrate to America, foBowing up the good w01·k begun hy their famous ancestor so m any years before. But wh en they finally did come here, it was in large numbers ancl 1 o very good purpose. This country b as no more able, industrious nnd l oyal citizens t h an those of Norwegian birth and d escent. They arc to be found in the highest places in 1 b n land, performing their work as doctors, l awyers, clergymen, l'nit.ed 8tat cs Senators, Congresssmen and industrial l eaders, with the same fidelity and thoroughness which has always char-- - -;•ct rrizcd ibcir rae4\. T<frnorrow, Bay Ridge will be the scene of a great celebra1 ion in connection with the dedication of Leif EHkssen Square. Arni well it may. Por it is a high honor to Bay R idge, out of all other sect ions of t h e G reater Cit y, to be the pla ce sel ected 11 fo r· t h is m P m orial to the famous Viking. �_J- L ms:m c,,T rnG_THE s9p1.RE7 The next s tep on the part of the Gom.mit tee wa s 46 to arrange a suitable dedication ceremony of the S qucre . I n thia, t11ey were aga in ably supported by the local pres s , who encoure.ged ci ti zens as wel l e,s organi za ti ons to p�rticipate in the fes tivitie s. The Commit tee decided on a public pare.de, to start fron l'orty - sixth S tr e e t and Fourth Avenue, the Norweg ian Hosp it al , the l ine of march co ntinuing down Fourth Avenue to the S qu are , where the dedication exercises wov.l d take pl ace . 1'he response on the part of our people was over­ Some papers es timated the crowd at 4 0 , 0 0 0 , whelming. though, we are incl ined to p l ace it somewhere between tvrnnty and twenty -f'ive thou s and. 1.'he fo l lovling program for the dedicat ion was printed and given out in thousands of copie s . ;<. � � ��� Again, we t urn to the p ress :::i.nd ,fi ti: " Nordisk Tidende's" writeup of vrhat this paper states was " The larges t Parade of Norsemen ever seen in the Eas t . " " S aturday's 'Le iv Eiriksson' Parade will be e. las t ing memory to those who took p urt in the parade or saw it on it s vmy t o 1 ei v Eirik s son S quare. hi s to ry o f Never before in the the co l ony he.ve vre vri ttne s sed s uch a, gathe r­ ing of J:Torsemen . Never such dernons trated intere s t in and app reciation of the fact that the new square, by the courtesy of the City au thorities, had been eiven the p roud name of the Viking . The people fo llow ed the cal l. They met in great as se ili le and a nobler sight than the grand parade, as it filed by by with f lying banners to . s t irring airs pl ayed by �large c.n d nume.: rous bands was n ever s e en i n the hi s t o ry o f ou r pE: op l e . I t evi denc ed the s t r ength o f our p eopl e in Great er Nevi Y o rk an d t e s ti fi ed t o th e i r app re c ic., t i on o f whc.t - he.d b e en done fo r t:-i er, • shi ne . ski e s .s.nd b eauti ful sun­ A li t t l e vrar:m. , p e rhz.p s .. but th i s vra s , af t er al l , a thousand ti mes bett er than rai n . So on , th e p opule..c e of B�,y Ri dg e b egan t o underst2.nd thE.t sor1.e thi ng uncommo n vras i n th e ai r . ]'12.gs ..,., e r e flyi ng f r om the f lagp o l e s o f T ri ni ty Chur ch c,nd th e l.o rvr eg ia.n Ho sp i t al , an d the " No rdi sk Ti dende ' s bui l di ng was i n f e s t iv e d e c o rati on s . 11 al ong Four th. and F i f th .n."'n eri ca n and lfo rvref; ie.n I'lags app eared o th e 1 7 th o f . ay on th e o the r si de . venu e s , O ne woul d l i ken i t t o I n the e ar ly fo r enoon t Sunday -dres s ed chi l dr e n , c arry i ng smc!.11 f lags could b e s e e n al o ng th� J venue , and a.s the time for the para de appro a ch e d , they l i t erally p o ur e d i n from everywher e . Ev ery th i nr; ht�d b e en w e l l p r epar ed by the C ammi t t e e , who , thro ut;h i t s ] e.rshal l , _ had a s s i gned pl.s.c e s i n the adj o i ni ng si d e s t r e e t s for the parti cipati ng o rgani zat i ons � V!h2. t ;:,, s c ene ? S i ngers , in ' yrhi t e C c,p s ; chi l dr e n , all dr e s s e d fo r the o c ca s i o n ; young men an d women , i n native c o s t u�e s ; and nurc e s , i n thei r s� o t l e s s uni f o rms . Besides thi s , th e nurib ers of uni f o rmed bandsmen , t h e Salva t i on 1.rmy and the Boy Scout s fo rme d a uni que s i ght . exe, c t ly 3 : 1 5 vrhen the parade was und er way , pr e c eded by a �10unt ed Poli c e Guc:.r d . 'l'he parade wa s hE.ade d 47 . �4 8 .. by C c.p t . S . :J . J,.rnes en , . Eirshal l of th e parade , e.n d h i s � i d , P aul W . WJ{! g , wi th three Hoy S c o u t s fror1. Troop 1 17 . 'rhe se vrere fol l owed by the C orrr i t t ee of ; rrangemen t s , together vri th :·ayor Hylan ; Park C orr1Y'l.i s s i oner O ' l.ough l i n ; th e Norwegi an Poet , Nils Collet Vogh t and Mr. Thorolf Prys er, of the 1{orv1 egi an :Pres s As soc iat i on . t1 Then co.Li e i n rap i d su c c es s i on , th e vesriouD part i c ip at ­ i ng organ i za t i on s , all a c c ordi ng to s chedule . � Even th e S '!Uare seened decorated for the oc cas.i on . The turf was a beau t i f ul green, and the trees s t o od dres se d i n thei r �J cie.ves - a pl e�. S E.nt s i zllt t o . b ehold. .. 11 The Grands t e.ri d vras rp. i s ed i n c. e;r ov e betvreen J' i f th rmd 6th Avenues .. 11rom th i s s t2.nd, the parade was v i e·wed b_y th e Corimi t te e and vi si t i ng di gni taries , inc ludi ng th e � 2yor , the J?arl: C or1.mi s s i oner , Eon . Hans Fay, C onsul Genera.l of lforvmy ; Al derm�m Charle s W . Dunn , .Er . Voel1t . �Ir . I'ry ser, c.n d oth ers . taken p c::.rt , At tl.. e cl ose of the pc:.re.d e , tho s e who he. d together vri th th e thous ands of onlookers, gathered abou t th e gran ds t an d to l i s ten to the ded i c a t ory addres ses , and t o j oi n. i n s i n�ing the n�ti on�l anthems of the Uni ted S t 2 tes , :r . Ro dney T . : .;e r1·, i n sen i Secret E,ry of the - 0 0:rm:n.i t tee, i n tro duced as Chai rmC\,n for the afternoon exerc i ses r the Rev . C . 0 . Pedersen, Rec tor of the 1:orwegi r: n Dea c o n e s ses ' Eome and riosp i t e.l . rr . eders en, after a few words of Viel c one, i n tro duced the f i rs t speaker for the d2.y i n the f o l l owing vmrds : - �Itt . Ear ti ns en , Your Ho no r , Ladi e s and Gen t l emen : I t i s , i nd e e d , a p l easure t o b e c al l ed up on to pr e s i d e at th e exe r c i s e s o f thi s af t e rn o on , an d wh at i s mo r e , I f e e l i t a high honor a� p riv i l ege . No t o n ly d o e s th e p r e s en c e o f men i n hi gh o ff i c e and di s t i ngui shed , a s well as the p r e s enc e o f you , my c ompa tri o ts , i n i t s e lf le nd imp o r tan c e t o the day , but the o c c as i o n i s o f s u ch hi s t or i c s i gni f i c anc e as t o c aus e i t t o b e o n e of the ou ts tandi ng ev en ts in the annal s o f our p eo p l e in th e Ci ty o f New Yo rk . Tha t th e g en t l eman , who s e publ i c offi c e mak e s him the r ep r e s e n­ t a t ive o f al l c i ti zens , regardl e s s o f raci a l o rigi n o r p o li t i cal o r r e l i gi ous aff i l i at i on t i s wi th us this af t erno on , i s hi ghly ap pr eci at ed . I hav e the :p leasu r e t o i n tro du c e t o you , the gent l eman whos e s i gnature made n Le i v E i r iks s o n S qu are" a r eal i ty , the Ho n . John F . Hylan , 1:t?.y o r of th e C i ty o f Few York �I t i s an ob ligat ion as w el l as Le 7 a p l e a sure to a s si s t i n th e dedic at i on of L e i v E i ri k s son S quar e . S o far a s I hav e been ab l e to as certa i n t her e i s no publ i c monument i n , the pa;r ks or s quar e s of thi s ci �J to the i ntrepid N or s e ad vent ur er . The C i ty of B o s ton d i d e rec t a monument t o Ei ri ks so n on it s Av enu e , b ut wh en w e c ons i d e r t h a t it was in t he vi ci n ity o f th at c i ty whi ch Le iv Eirik ss on is rep or t e d t o have land ed w i th hi s l it t l e c rew , it i s no t s urpri si ng that th i s publ i c r e c o gnit i on w a s given . �-2 - Unt il th e B oar d o f Al dermen o f o ur C i ty by ap pro pr i at e ac t i on de si gna t e d th i s S quare in t h e For t Ham il t o n S ec t i on of Br o okl yn in hon or of L e i v Eir i ks son , sc ant n ot ic e had be en p aid to one o f the f i r st r e pu t e d I sp eedi l y appr ov ed th e di s c over e r s o f Ame ri ca . Ald erman ic Ordi nance f or i t was my b el i e f tha t th e t i me had c ome t o p ay some of fic i al t r i but e t o t h e har dy race of Nor thmen wh o , witho ut th e f i r e -ar ms or t he mariner ' s c omp as s o f C ol umbu s of so me fi v e hund r e d ye ar s l a t e r , fe arl e s s ly s a i l e d the Atl ant ic and s et up hab i t a t i ons upon l an d s whi ch the lnd i a n s w er e i n undi spute d pos s e s s i on of . I would not de tract one i o t a of c re d it fr om C hr i sto yher C olumbu s who lande d at S an Salvador whi le in se ar ch of a we st war d r out e t o t h e l n die s ; n or o f the C ab o t s wh o t ouche d Labrador and New F oundl a.nd s ome c entur i e s af t er Lei v E i ri ks so n ' s vi si t t o our sho r e s . / / l , Jagellan and o t h e r nav i gat o r s a l so a an y d i d the i r nob le par t i n t he wor k of d i s c ov ery . I i , Ve Ve spucc �We ar e e ve n t old that fi ve hundre d ye ar s be for e Soo d , .. t E i r iksson land e d on t he New Engl and c o a st , a Buddhi s t monk fr om far off China ha d r e ache d what i s now the t erri t ory o f New Mexi c o . But the V i ki n gs w e re the sea rov ers of t he wo r ld . N orth . They d i d expl or e the wi l d erne s s of th e fr oz e n $;, , 1 .., Th e sc andinavi an S agas t o ld of th eir re achi ng the N or th Ame ri can c ont i nent i n t he ni nth an d tenth and elevent h c ent ur ie s . They re ache d I ce land , whe ther by ac ci d ent or de s i gn is im:nat e ri al , f or it ult i mat ely b e came a s e t t l eme nt for the ir countrymen . The c ol on i z at i on of Gre enland , we ar e al so t o ld , wa s the re sult of the ir adv entur ou s spi r i t s ; and f our centurie s of :b.a bi t a t i on atte st t o the hardi h o o d of the Nor s emen in thi s mos t ri gi d of cl imat e s . In the Y e ar One Th ou san d, L e i v E i rik sson and hLs c rew of tw enty -fi ve men came upon Lab r ador and Nova Sc ot i a , and sub se que n t l y the c o ast o f New .t.:ngland i n t he vi c i n ity of P l ymouth C ount y , Mas sach u se t t s . �-4- S o far a s r e c or ds are av ail abl e i t was on thi s N ew Engl and land c a l le d by the N or thmen , " V i ne l and 11 b ecau s e of the ab und anc e of i t s grape s , that th e f i r st ch i l d of Eur ope an par ent s w a s b orn on th e N or th Ame ri c an c on t i nent . I t w ould be no e a sy t ask fo r t ho s e w h o would di sput e the earl y v oyage s of t h e V i k i ng s t o gai n say th e exi st en ce �( i t:.: o f t h i s chi l d , SnorrE, wh o pr ov e d mor e w i de -awak e th an h i s name w oul d su gge st . T o o oft en the I c e l and i c S agas have b e en re gar de d as m er e myth s , l e gen d s and unf o unded s crap s o f anc i ent h i s t o ry . But the vi si t s of th e Nor thm en an d i n par t i c ular , L e i v E ir i k s s<:>n , h av e ac c o r di ng t o go od aut h or i ty b e e n found ed up on fi rm h i st o ri c gr ound . N ew Y ork C i t y ha s ac c e pt ed t he r e c or d as c an b e se en from t hi s S qu are name d in Ei r i ks son ' s ho n o r . And N ew x ork C i ty t ru st s that the re has b e en no m i shap in the at temp t t o r e ach the N or th P ol e by ai rpl ane of tha t i nt r ep id N orwegi an expl orer , {en , an d h i s Ame r i can Engi n e e r and Av i at or , �� L i e u.t ena nt E l swor th . C ap ta i n �-5 But i s it a mat te r o f v e ry gre at i mp o rtan c e t o wh om we ow e t h e e arl i e s t di s c ov e ry o f Ame ric a? Ar e w e n o t a ll e n .j o yi ng t h e pri vi l ege s o f l i vi ng i n a land whe r e al l men ar e e qu al be for e the law . P er h.ap s so me w i l l s ay t h at th e rei n l i es the v ery r e ason why f ir s t plec e must be ac c o r d e d t o t he V i ki ngs for wa s i t n ot the thr ald om of N or way , t o whi ch t h ey woul d n o t yi e l d , that s en t hund r e a. s of t hem r oving th e wi de s e a s fe a rl e s s al ike o f man or t h e el emen t s ? They Wi ll a l s o br i ng r e c or ds t o pr ov e that i nd i c at i ons of hut s o r h om e s ere c t e d b y t be N or thme n a.l ong t he sh or e s o f th e Uhar l es Riv e r - - th e s tr e am b e tw ee n C ambr i d ge and B o st on - w e r e une ar t h e d in the la s t hal f c ent ury . And , wh o knows , perhap s C ommand e r Mac m ill an , wh o plan s t o expl o r e the ar e a be twe en Al aska and th e Horth P o l e by airplan e and t o i nv e st i gat e the N or s e r ui ns , w i l l b r i ng us fur th e r i nf o rmat i on re !J'a r din g the expl o i t s of the ear l y N or thme n . �-6- I sha.11 no t di sput e any e v i d ence , new o r ol d , d oc umen t ary o r o th e rwi s e , anym or e th an I wou ld qu e st i on the spe ll i ng of L e i v E i r i k s s on ' s na me , al t h o ugh i t ha s und er go ne s o me we i rd chang e s s i nc e th e a. a:JS of my s ch o ol b o ok s . We c an all aff or d t o giv e c re dit t o th e br av e and i nt re p i d s e a r ov er s of t he N or th , wi t hout r e fl e c t i on upon t he h e r o i c se am en o f oth e r c ent ur i e s and ot her nat i ons , L e t us be br oad -minde d eno ugh to ac k nowl e d.ge t h at t h ey al l d ic. the ir sha r e i n e xpl o ri ng unknown r e gi ons , e v en as di d Abr aham , t he f ore fat he r of th e Jew i e.h r ac e , wh o 11 went o ut no t kn ow i ng whith e r he w e n t . n L et u s al l be th ank ful that w e l i ve in thi s fav o r e d l an d , the app o int e d nat i on una e r G od fo r the pro t ec t i on and p rornot i on o f l i b e rty , and a lancI in whi c h th e p e o p l e o f al l rac e s and c re e d s and c o l or s ma y c o me to ge th e r i n a c ommon b ond o f human b ro t he rh o oa. :fo r th e upl i f ti ng of m ank ind and the a dv anc ement o f the be s t c i v i l i z at i o n . �Mayor Eylcn ' s E,ddres s was re cei ved wi th de serv ed a1-1 plause, e.n d t :L me an d e,ee.i n , he vra s i nterrup t ed by t o kens of approva l . The address vra s fo :i. ::'.. ow e cl b:' the S t e.r s Spo.nr; l e d H�Ln e r , f' un.c; by the c.u di ence . C01i!3UL GE1TL'R -.L FAY '§. PEEC1: . In i n tro duci nc t.ne n e xt sp eaker , the Chai rman said·: -­ " Ever si n c e Leiv , i n th8 � e cr 1 0 00 , first t a� t ed the lu sc iou s f,ru i t s o f th. i s land an d named i t Vi nl c:nd , l)erf e c t harmony and go od rel a t i on shi p has exi sted b e tw e en the tvrn c o un tri e s , 1' o rwP.y 2,nd the Un i t ed S tates . And so , vrh en r epresen t at i v e ;:; of thi s grand o l d land are c a:!..J e d � � � u:p c n to pc. r t i c ip2ct e in · rc=t, ·L:r,.:. i n -vrhi ch "i,t.1.s ti. o c o un tri e s are hi stori c :::. l ly i � t.eres t e c� , there c.r c r thank i;bd , no nemor i es of :pe,st 1.mhc�:p:py i n c i dent s to m� r tli e o c ce, c i o n .. J c<h e s E.n d G en t lemen , the Hon. Han s J/ay , C on sul G en eral of Norway .. �fi 8 .. Aft er th e address , whi ch 'i1;. S e.nthus h.st i c t lly re ­ ceived , 11 Ja v i el s1:er 11 ·was sune . The next . spea. l':er o n th o pro gra,i vm s tLe Pe.rk . C ommis s ion er , .r. 0 'I ouchl in . -e v,a s i ntro c1u eed in ...1.1.E:: f'o ... l o v1i. ng wo r ds : , I t is c lc.ir;ied t.11 �.t George '.'&.shine;torl , in e.n addre s s de iv e r e cl in I·hil acl. e lpr..ia , sc:..i d tlH:i. t h � vr as pr :Jud of tue fac t t}-.::- t 1e we 9 c i_ l o r"' c 1:::i a � o :i: i :.:in . . �;. c ert ain e.; entlemc:m has r c c eri t ly d i s c overed t..t1c.t l're s 1 ac: . .1 � C c c l i dL; e c..n cl Qj O r f:!.' u"1 tl.d s illuc,, tr i aus :fa111.l . :i:.::.tt cr 01 c ur � e e t u r ( .. Hy l · n ' s f oreb e c. rers al c- o Le. i l 'i'his 1&.- , r1ore o r l ::: s , • b e I t is a f� ct , hcffevet· ::. dul,/ e z t 2.1) l i r:. c..el b�� r rro :essor o:. histo ry , th c:.� the f or efatLcrs o f tr... c n £Yt sp ed:er c ar - to t:.1. e Uni t e d st �.. t es v i � Non a.ndy c.nd r elc..n a. .. '"lhi l e i :r1 I T e l anc.t. , th IS fEmil. y imp ro7 e d upon thc. t pl .�i n , ho ne� �. I'.'o nref;i ::- n N21.._e: Olaf :! .i.L , '""nd c .:-. l ed th en:­ ,. el "'.res v ' �o.ut., lin .. Le.di ec an d G c r1t lemen : - Borough of Brooklyn . ;r . O '�augh lin s e i <l i n p& rt �s fo� l ows : 11 I c.!"J, Lf-1 yoll. prober ly know , 'di t o .c o f the Br oolr lyn Edi t i on o f U:.e :~evL York ,Tournc:.l .. I : i s now rn,ny y e · rs c1 '-' o si n c e I , 2s a young j ournc::. li s t , - et o:n t. of ... or,"ay ' s fore1:1of' t c i t i z e :r:s , r ri dtj of Fe. ns en . didn ' t l:noi,; L1n d� e,bout r or"'ay tl e n, "but I d etermined to l earn "'.l o re of thi s int e :r est _;__n '-' ,... o �m-:.. rJ ; _,n d I do knov: s 0M e tj1 i ng 01 � e =or semen �nr their c o ntribut i ons to the 1;'o rld. to d, :r .. I have rec.cl of t'l-l ci r f £.. ' ou s voyag es t o :F'o rma nd::r ::-.:n d I �5 9. I rel �nd. Fo r th,:<. t r e a s o n, I a.di e s anc: G Pn t l cmen , yo u wi l l f i nc.l r1c, ny a no b l e l o o k i n6 b o nd I r i sr 1r n .. 1: e i i:: s urely a de sc e ndent o f tll e Vil i ne;s o f o l cL .. I know to o , o f the bo l d Viki n v1,..10 , i n tl e y e r 000 se. i l e d t} e f o ruay o c ean i n op en b o a t , and v1as the f i r s t ':,•lJ. i t e ma: , t o s e t f o o t on o ur sho r e ::: - Vi nl e,nd , c�s he m.med i t. I r e j o i c e in th e opp or t un i ty t o r e c omme nd the, t thi s p2-rkland b e n&r1ed Leiv Ei r i , s s o n Squar e . The Ho r s e p opu­ lat i o n of revr Yo rk d e s erv e thi s r e c o gni ti o n. i t , t 1e Bo&rd of I r e c o r�"Yl.en d e c. l d er,·men _p a�r n e d t:i e :!'.' c ei ol uti on c.n u. tl,1.e !'.'ay o r epr,ro ve d i t . No,:,r , tl1FJ.t you lifo rs er1en hav e r e c ei v ed thi s S qw:-.r e , i t i .J up t o you t o c ar e f o r i t . If I had r.1y vray , I :ould s e e t o i t that a s t a tu e of J. e iv �iri:ks s o n gr ac e d the s quar e . I wo uld r:;o furth er . Yea, I voul C: p l� c e e. s t a t ue o f L e i v 2. t o ne e nd of the s �uar e and o n e 01 your c el ebrat e d c o untrymen , R oLl d ' ·mu ncls en , .:·, t th e o t _i::;! .L"' • I. e t me c l o c e rr re'"Y'arks by 2.sk i ng you al l to j o i n rn.. in a minu t e sil e n t p re.y er , fo r th qt dari ng Viking of to dciy . , r . 0 ' Laugh l i n ' s t o uch i n 5 2,pp e al for e. sil eµ t prt..yer o n b er, ,., l f' o-r l-.rnunds e n c.ncl hi s c. s � o c i P t e s met v' i tL due r e sp ons e . I n s i ] en t p rc..> er , th e '71Ult i t u de P t o o d th ere , heads unc 0 v er ed , i n tl.i.c s c o r ching s un � \!/1£10 l:nov. s v·h 1;,t tr... o s e p ray ers s..c c omp l i shed'i' � ,.. kno� � t a, t th � r...rnund.s e n vna his fai t hf ul b a n d :o ught f or � . eir v ery l i v e s i n the barren i c efi e l ds near th e Po l e. The l�s t sp esker wa s = � - A. N . Rygg , �di to r o f t he 11 :ord.i sk T iden de " , vrho had b e en ask e d bJ th e C ommit t e e to s p e ak on b ehalf o f th e 1for s e - :..:m.0 rican c i t i z e ns o f Gre a t e r rev, Yor k_. �#4 S ome we ll-mean i ng but mi s gui ded p eo p l e s e em t o be alarmed at the p r e s enc e of the f o rei gn language p re s s i n thi s co untry . O f c ours e , a radi o 1 p re s s i s harmful , wh ether i t be pr int e d in Eng l i sh o r i n any o the r l anguage . On the o the r han d , th e fo r ei gn languag e pr e s s , ri ght ly co n ­ du c t e d , i s of tr emen do u s ai d i n th e i�i tia t i ng o f the f o r e igner i n t o th e ways an d c us t oms of th e Ame ri c an p e opl e . Fo r 34 y ears , th e p ap er , of vrhi ch th e next sp e aker i s t h e Edi to r , has fai thfully i nt .e rp re t ed Ame ri can i deals and asp i rati o ns to our iwJni grant p eople , an d has play e d a nob l e p art in c eme nti ng an d p re ­ s erv i ng the b ond o f fri endship an d go od will t:1at exi s t s b e tw e e n the t vo c oun tr i e s . J- .:LV? ....__s- ftc._4...,L./..t._--4 .C...- "' :Mr . • . N . Rygg , K . of S t .O e- , Edi t o r , lfo rw egi an H ews . �62 . J f t e r � r . Rygg ' s addr e s s , p rayer was sai d by the s ounded Tap s .. an s.rmy bugl e r J,e iv Ei r i ks s on S quar e was offi c i e,lly d e di cat ed . It had b e en a de.y l o ng to be rez; emb er eci by tho s e who to ok part .. O the r No rs e -Ame ri c an I n s t i tuti ons may di s2.pp ear , c.nd our p eopl e be ass imile.t ed in the gr eat .ume r i ce,n p opulac e of t oTio rrow .. As long as Bro oklyn remai ns , e.n d for al l t i me s. t o c om e , I e i v Ei riks s o n S CJ.uar e w i l l b e a monumen t t o Lei v the Lucky and to th e ra c e from vrhi ch h e sprung .. The f o l lowi ng comment s on the d edi c at i on o f L e i v Ei rik­ s s o n S q_ue.re ,by Nev.r Yo rk pa,p e rs wi 11 b e of i n t e r e s t .. ,. ,.,.-�.-•--- . ( THE WKKKJ . Y J\11-:W�0 :.J ·on e of th e mo s t c olorrur andimpres sive ev en t s ev er s tag e d in Bay Ri dg e wa s the dedi cati o n of 2",eiv Ei r iks s o n Square , th e park ar ea bounded by 4th Av enue , Fo r t He.mi l t o n Parkvrn.y , 66 th S t r e e t e.nd 6 7 th S t re et , };Iayor .John I' . Hyl an , offi c i a t i ne ,., I t i s e s t i ms t e d the.t more than 40 , 000 p e rsons e i ther par t i cipat e d di r e c t ly in the c ermoni es o r wi tnes s e d the dedi cati o n an d p arade al ong 4th Jvenu e , f rom 4 6 t h S t r e et t o the squar e , whi ch p r e c e d e d the d e di cat i on c e remony . Uo re than 4 0 No rwegi an o rgani zat i ons , s ome of th em in nat iv e p easant co stu.me , or wi th sp rea d-eagl e head.r e s s e.nd the c o ats o f mai l and sh i eld of th e Viki ngs , vrer e i n the l i ne of march an d l ent ·c, mo s t p i c tur e s que t o uch to the pare.de . l.. s quad o f nurs e s from th e Norwegi an Ho sp i t al , s ome whi t e- c lad a s b efi t t ed th ei r rank as graduat e nurs es and o thers i n blue , i n di c at i ng that they ·w er e s t i l l s tudent nurs e s , dr ew �much favorab le c onnnent . 63 . Al s o i n th e p ro c es s i on we re the Sunday scho o ls of vari ous Bay Ri dg e Church e s , s everal tro op s of Boy S c o ut s , C amp Fi r e Gi rl s , G i rl S c out s and o thE: r s . The p arade wa s headed by Cap tai n S i gurd J . Arnes en , O .R·. c . , as r:ia rshal l , who made an imsp i r ing p i c tur e i n hi s U . S . Army O ff i c ers ' uni f o rm and as tri de a sp i ri t. ed charger . He was immedi a t ely fo l l owed by hi s ai cle , Pe.u l W . Wi i g wi th th r e e b oy s c ou t s f rom Tro op 1 1 7 ... The 1iberty bc:,nner was carri ed by a b oy in No rvr egi an na t i onal c o s tume , e s c o r t e d by two g i r ls in co s.tume .. Two JUJ1.e ri can f le,gs were ce,rri ed by Boy Scout s es c or t ed by army and navy buglers , a nd fol lowing c lo s e b ehind th e Norwegi e,n fle.g � vrhi ch was carri ed by C 2.mp Fi re Gi rl s , c aie a f i gur e dr es s ed a s Ei riks s on hims e lf . members of th e o rgani za ti o n s whi ch fo l low e d we r e gay i n Norwegi an c os tum e s and. i n c o s tume s o f the anc i ent se.ga s . The The c o l o rful gro up whi ch gathered abo ut the grandstand i n Ei riks s on S quc1.r e might have b e en part o f e.n old Nors e pe.ge&..nt . lddi t i on t o i ay;o · Hylan , o the r n t ._.. ' l e s the ·"Nori.'7 cgi £..n Consul G en eral E . T . O 'Loughl i n� u.nd A . :H . Ryg g , Ro el .. ins en , vrho T . . Jart to o r _ r , an d R ev . C . O . lfo 'I S .. y ,ll ed th e sup e r i nt tdent of -.. o r�,:m Ho:::,p i t2l , vrho ac t ed e.s :p esi d ing offi c r . ,---­ C:: c._--�-l Pi 1'.4 ,1a1 1<:tt. �<:11-Y �65 . the N� gia e.lr eady qu o t ed c e found s ev e ....,1 art ic l e s J1Ii end.age co v er ingfie L eiv Ei r i ks s o Th e ' quar e c /eb ra - c lo s ing che,p t er of th is pEi.rti cul ar ev ent wa s thE:: f o l lovli ng l e t t er , by th e Cha.i rman o f the C ommi t t e e , addr e s s ed t o all who had t aken part i n the wo rk c o nne c t ed wi th ge t t i ng and naming t h e s que.r e .. Now that the wo rk and f e s t ivi t i e s i n c onnec ti on wi th Le iv Ei riks son S quare i s a thi ng of the past , you wi l l al low me " s.s Chai rman of the C ommi t t e e , to eJqJ res s a t o al l who aided us bo th in g e t t i ng th e hearty thanks square ,_ as vrell as by po.rti c ipat i ng i n the f e stivi t i e s .. Thanks to S o c i e t i e s an d Sunday S cho ol s , who s o l oyally and wi llingly help e d t o c r eate the wo nderful parade � and thanks t o o " to - - by th e all our coun t rymen and women wh�� c;;;Jg\� ,. , A thousands ...ttl.a..."'-'<�MJ;.-� To the Marshall of the day , who s o effi c i en t ly o rgani z ed an d l ed th e p arade , �tho s e who , by sp e eches , si nging and mus i c ,_ added e:lo ry t o th e o c casi on , i n th e name o f al l our p eo p l e ,. Thanks ! Ieng wi l l th i s v,o nder ful of our p eopl e . ( - day liv e in the memo ry �66 . TID� CEN TENNI AL CELEBRAT ION AT MINNEAPOL IS ST P UL . Natural ly the C en t enni al C el ebrat i o n s at Tulinneap o li s­ St .Paul , June 6 th t o 9th , was the out s tanding event of the p o rtan c e , but the c el ebra t i on at the twin C i t i e s was th e Nati onal C el ebra t i on , bo th a s t o dimen s i ons e.s well as nat i onal importan c e an d r e su l t . Wri ti ng in 1 9 23 of the purp o s e and imp o rtanc e o f the C en t ennial , Mr . Oscar Arn es on , Publ i c ity Chai rman o f the No rse-Ame ri can C ent ennial says : - P U R P O S E A N D I M PO R TA N C E There ha,·e been two important mi grations from Norway. The first began a thousand years ago, when many of the Norse war-lords, earls and petty r \1lers refu sed to bend the knee to Harold the Fair Haired, who had made himself ruler of all Norway, and sai led away to Icelaucl with all their wealth and many of thei r retainers. The sCTond began a hundred years ago wh en the sloop "Restaurationen" crossed the Atlantic to the Janel di scovered b; _ Lei f }he Lucky, and start �cl a '.1 exodus to the broad, fertile plains of Ame11ca. The first ·w as a 1rngrat1on of Norse chieftai ns, proud, wealthy and p werful, but because of th � u1 � favorable conditions that awaited them, they � had t h � rc� strug1gle to ma111ta1 n themsel ves. The second was a mi gration _ of: N 01_ way s. common people, plam and simple, without worldly wealth but who, because of favorable condition s and fai thful work, soon acqu i r�d a competence and are now numbered among the most prosperous people o f t h e earth. i �The purpose of this Centenn ial i s to commemorate in an imprcssi \·c man­ ner the e\·cn t s which mark the heginnm1g of Norse emigration to this continent and to pay a fitting t ribute to the orwegian pionee rs of America. I n the rush of our present day Ii fc we fa1 to h <2nor, , as we should, those plain, earnest , God- fearing, modest, but strong ancf courageous men and women, who did so much for their d escendants and the land of their adoption. V·/c cannot honor too highly the Norwegian pi oneers of America. The services they rendered are of inestimable value and importance. They were among the foremost i n conquering the wilderness, in developing it i nto one of the most prosperous, most progressive regions of the world. vVith cease­ less toil and sacrifice they helped to push the frontiers of civilization from the Great Lakes to the Pacific and by their whole-hearted loyalty to their adopted country, helped to save the Union during the Civil War. By remembering the noble work done by our fathers we shall be inspired with greater zeal to prove ourselves worthy of being thei r children by clean living, by useful work for our community and our country. Some may argue that Norse emigration to America began more than a hundred years ago. Yes, Norsemen landed at variou s times on our shores before the year 1 825, and rendered notable service in the War of Inde­ pendence, but it was the sail ing of the sloop "Restaurationen" an.£! the founding of the first Norwegian settlement in America that marked the be­ ginn i ng of a real migration from Norway to this continent. Th i s Centennial will be the greatest celebration ever held by Norsemen in America. The program will include speakers and musicians of world­ wide fame. The President, or a prominent member of his cabinet, will repre­ sent the government of the United States ; the Premier of Canada or a n mber of his cabinet, will speak for the cimn.inion to the north ; Crown • · Jear soc1et1es par� icipating in the festivities aside from attendance of the public at • the large that will tax the capacity of the fair grounds. ence The civi c organization s of Minneapolis and St. Paul will cooperate with the tl� e Committee in perfecting the arrangemen ts and in making the stay of all . _ v1s1tors 111 the two cities interesting and enjoyable. 1any �ot . less tha,n 2,70? Lutheran congregatio ns, the Norwegian coll es, semmanes and aca �em1es ; the numerous Bygdelags, the lodges of the eg Sons of No1:way : nd vano_us other societies and organization s have been as igned places 111 the Centenmal and are actively taking part in the preparation s. _ 1:' he site selected for the celebration is the geographic center of ;{ or­ weg1an population of America, and the Twin Cities have long been recognized as a center of 1 orse art, learning and cultu re. The Minnesota Historical Libra1_-y contains the largest collection of Norse-Am erican literature in Amenca. edi torial # touching on the co ming Cent ennial in it s issue of June 6th. 67 �68 . "' That thei r exp e c tati ons met wi th th e desi red r-e-sul t s , lat er ev en t s p roved . � ev er b ef ore in the hi s t ory of No r s e-Ame r i cans has th ere b e en such an ou tp ouri ng of p eopl e . Never was such rec ogni ti on ext ended by tho s e i n high o ff i c e ,, and never b ef o r e such unamimous ac c laim of p i o nee:vs as that rendered th e memo ry of th e group that c am e her e f ro m Norway a hundred years ago ,. on the now famou s s l oop the "R e s tourat i onen" � Very p rop erly the f e s t ivi.t i e s b egan wi th Di vi ne Se r ­ v i c e s Sunday fo renoo n , June ?th . Ther e w e r e four :.:::=­ servi c e s , two i n the N o rse and two in the English languag e . Thr ee �di�ae &ervi c e s were co nduc t ed under Luthe ran auspic e s an d o ne und e r the ausp i c e s of C ommi t t e e appo inted by R efo rme d Chur che s . wa s carr i e d out The fo llowing o r d er s of s e rvi c e �PR O GR A .M DI VINE FESTAL SERVICES Sunday Forenoon JU E SEVENTH, 1925 H I PPODROME Ten O'Clock In the Norse Langu age PAST. B. E, BERGESEN, LEDER PRELUDIUM 0 vi Al at store Gud, vi love r dig, sier tak evindelig ! verden sander det og vet, du er Gud av evighet. / Al engles hop og himles hrer, lov, tak oglpris for tronen brer, og sangen av serafer gaar saa langt som himlens hvrelving naar. Profeter og apostler glad og dine vidner, rad paa rad, d e staar for dig i livsens sal med takkesang i tusental. Du hell ig, hellig, hellig er, Gud Sebaot, vor Herre kjrer, og fold er himlen al og jord utav din guddoms rere stor. Og S¢nnen, den enbaarne, som fra dig til verdens frelse kom, samt Helligaand, vor tr¢ster sand, h¢ilovet over alle land. Din kristenhet paa denne j ord bekj ender dig og paa dig tror, som Fade en av evighet, hvis magt ei maal og ende vet. I N DGANGSB¢N Pas t. M. Norstad Pas t. C. N. Engels tad ALTERTJENEST E SYNDSB E KJENDELSE ABSOLUTIO KOLLEKT E P I STEL : Kol. 3 , 1 6- 1 7 La Kristi ord ho rikelig hos eder, saa I lrerer og formaner hverandre i al visdom med salmer og lovsanger og aandelige viser, og synger yndig i eders h i e rte r for Gud, og alt hvad I gj ¢r i ord eller gjerning, gj¢r det alt i den H e rre J esu navn, takkende Gud Fader ved ham ! KORSANG : " K i rken den er et gammelt hus" DAGE s TEKST : Salme 90, 1-2, 1 6-1 7 Herre ! Du har vreret os en bolig fra slegt til slegt. F¢r bjergene blev til, og du skapte j orden og jorderike, ja fra evighet til evighet er du, o Gud. La din gj erning aabenbares for dine tjenere og din herlighet over deres barn ! Og Her rens, vor Guds, liflighet vrere over os, og vore hrenders gjerning fremme du for os, ja, vore hrenders gjerning, den fremme du ! TROESB EKJ ENDELSEN ( av alle ) [63] �//I V or Gud han er s a a fast en borg, fi..an er ort skjold og verge, han hj:e er os av npd og sorg, og vet o vel at berge. Vor gam�e fiende haard til strid mot os staar, stor mag og a rge list ban bruker mot os vist, p a a jord r ei bans l ike. Om verden fuld a v djrevle v a r , s o m vilde o s opsluke, vi frygter ei, vi med os har den mand som dem kan true ; er verdens fyrste vred og vii os stpte ned, han ingenting formaa r, fordi alt dpmt han gaar, et Guds ord kan ham binde. Vor egen magt e r intet v:erd, vi vare snart nedhugne, men en gaar frem i denne f:erd, for ham maa alting bugne. Vil du bans navn faa viss t ? H a n heter Jesus Krist, den hpvding for Guds brer, i ham kun h�lse er, han ma rken tkal beholde. Det ord de skal vel late staa • og utak dertil have, ti Gud han vii selv med os gaa alt med sin Aand og gave ; og tager de vort liv, gods, rere, barn og viv, l a fare hen, la gaa ! De kan ei mere faa, Guds rike vi beholder. FESTPRl:EK E N Dr. H. G. Stub FORMAND FOR "DEN NORSK LUTH ERSKE KIRKE" KIRKEB¢NNEN FADERVOR ( a v all e ) KoRSANG : "Lover den H e rre" Bis!wp Johan Lunde H I LS E N FRA N ORGES K I R K E A LTERT J E NESTE N aar Jesus kommer ind i landet -o -fanger folket med sin magt, og alle hjerter haver sande .,. ban ord og gj ort med ham sin pagt, d a bli der lystelig at 90 Herrens fred og stille ro. sige, N a r Jesus kommer - kjl!!r-t der li,r et ganske and,et....- Iiv, et sa dt og elskelig Guds ri hos s a og store, mand o viv, og kj re ighet og h imlen aab alt ved uds aand og i rd og daab. UTGA NGSB¢N SANG AV " ST. OLAF COLLEGE C HORA L SOCI ETY" PROF. F. M ELI US C HRISTIANSEN, LEDER M u s r K VED " LUT H E R COLLEGE CONCERT BAND " PROF. CARLO A. SPERATI, LEDER = :=====-GRAND STA N D Ten O'Clock In the Norse Language PAST. H. K. MADSEN, LEDER P R E L U DIUM [64] �Lover den Herre, den mregtige konge med rer ,, det din forlystelse lov ham min sj rel, og rere ! S m op en san , alter og harp gi klang, -S g fo r Gud ;Herren den kjrere ! Lover den Herre, som al ting saa herlig regj erer, han som dig ljllfter som jllrnen paa vinger og brerer, lader dig faa mer end du kunde fo rstaa, bedre end hjertet begjrerer ! i. I Lov da den Herre, min sjrel, og hvad i mig mon vrere, alt som har aande ophjllie hans store navns rere ! H an er dig god, ak gjjllr ham aldrig imot ! Amen. Han selv dig det lrere ! Prof. L . Pedersen Past 0. Larsen B�N AN DAGT KoRSANG : "Den store, hvite fl ok" Past. H. K. Madsen FESTP RJEKEN 0 de av :, : trenk frels alle i hi naar engang samles skal es menigh t tal olkeslegte lens herli het. :, : 0 trenk dog hvilken jubellyd en strjllm av kjrerlighet ! Trenk hvilken tak og pris og fryd :, : og sal ighet og fred ! :, : 0 trer ,, naar Her ens vidnehrer, hans j enere paa ord, de ll}_Hlioner mjllte der :, : som hjllrte dere ord ! ., . 0 Gud, !wad er din naade stor ! Os alle ti! dig dr ag, at vi kan staa blandt frelstes kor :, : paa denne hjllitidsdag ! :, : == Eleven O'Cloc!? In the Engl i s h La nguage REV. 0. H . SLETTEN, LEADER P R E LUDE A mighty fortress is our God, A rnsty shield an weapon ; Our help is H e in all ou r need, Ou stay, whate'. er doth happen ; For still our ancient foe Dotli seek to work us woe : Stron� mai of craft and power He weareth in this ho ur ; On ea th is not his equal. And were the world with dev· s ..filled, All watching to devour us, Our souls to fear we nee not yield, They cannot overpower t ; Their dreaded prince n more Can harm us as of yo e ; H is rage we can en re ; For lo ! his doom is ure, A word shall overt row him. Stood we alone in our own mi<Yht, Our striving ould be l osing · For us the o e true Man do fight, The Man f God's own oosing. Who is t rs chosen One 'Tis Jes s Christ, the Son, The ¼ord o f hosts, 'tis He Who wins the victory In every field of battle. Still must they le e God's word its might For which no t anks they merit ; Still is He wit us in the fight, With H is go d gifts and Spi rt. And should they, in the strife, Take kin,dred, goods, and li fe, We fre • y let them go, They profit not the foe ; With us remains the kingdom. Dr. L. W. Boe LITURGICAL S E R V I C E [65 ] �I Right Rev. Johan Peter Lunde, Bishop of Oslo [66] �1 �l!!!!!!���� = !!!!lll! = lfill! = � = !!!!!]= ����� ®$ � F��� ITTTTililTDTITI ���jjjjp���� C HO I R : " B e a u t i ful Savior" R ev. 0. H. Sletten F E STA L S E R MON ,. � her our prayer shall 'ri e To God above the skies ; On lq im we wait: Tho u wl 1/t ever nigh, Guarding w� h watchful eye, To Thee alou<l we cry, God save the state ! �2. ;( I Bisleo p I ohan J,1111de B I LS N F Av K I R K. E N I 0/ lU:l RM A N O E . E. GYN I LO if POSTLUDE • SONGS B Y T I-I E NORWEG J A N S I NGERS' A ssOC I A T l 0 1 OF A M E R ICA PROF. FRED. W I C K , D I R ECTOR M u s i c BY ST. O LA F C O L L E G E BA 1 0 PROF. J. AR ' OT BERG H , CO N D U CTOR -===H O RT I C U LT U R A L B U I L D I N G Ten- Thirt y O'Cloclc A r ra nged b y the Yo ung Peopl e ' s Lu t h e r League T H I R D TRIE rNlAL C O N V E NTION PROF. :v rARTI N H EG LAND, PH. o., LEADER R ev. E. R asmussen PRAY E R H YM N Our Savior's Ch urch Choir , Omaha , Neb. A NT H E M F. A . CA RLSON, DIRECTOR LITURGICAL SERVICE ANTHEM R ecu . H. C. Smeby Concordia College Choir H ER 7' 1 A N W. MO ' SO N , D I R ECTOR Rev. I. A. A asgaard, D. D. Joint Church Choruses , Grand For/es , N . D. FESTA L S E R MON A NT H E M M R S. DAVID STj!)VE, DI R ECTOR LITURG I CA L SERVI C E H YMN CLOS I NG PRAYER M us i c BY A B RA S S Q uART ETTE F ROM Lu T I- I E R COL LEGE FRA N K L I N HORSTM E I ER AT TH E PIA [67] 0 fl lI �Lars O/tedal Member of Cabinet W. Morge11stier11e Representing Normandsforbundet C. ]. Hambro Member of Storthing Thoralf Pryser President Press Association of Norway [68 ] �72 . Comroerl)S,OOO Norwegians '.Bi-ave vrri t e s : Sun and Heat, Show Love of Country at Sunday Services Hippodrome, Grandstand Filled'• With Worshippers-Leaders and to hear snatches of the sermon. Tell of Exploits and Progress in Norway and Sends Greetings U. S.-King love of their church and of their moth er country was written into the record o f th e Norse-American Centennial to- Proof that Norsemen have an abiding Hvide Flok," majestic Norse anthem, ' Those in the upper seats were better able to follow the services, because there was a constant increase In the crnwd down below during the service . An English service, led by Rev. 0. H. Sletten, followed, in the grandstand. At each service ca,me a message from Bishop Johan Lunde of Oslo, represent­ ing t he ch u rch of Norway. " N orway could not produce such an I assemblage as this," he said. ' 1I t is l ike standing on the shore of an ocean. I am glad to bring tidings from the church of Norway and from the king as head of the church." He read telegrams from several congregations in No rway, and said every ' ch u rnh in Norway was conducting ser­ --vices today with the Centennial i n mind. , Dr. H. G. <Stub Sounds Keynote "Because the Norwegians in America have stuck to the faith t hey prought with them from Norway they J,ave accomplished what they have," h e said. Dr. I-t. 'G. Stub, white haired, wear­ ing the white robe of his position as head of the Norwegian Lutheran church of. America, speaking vigorously in s p ite o f his 76 years, sounded the key- ' note of the day. •"Our Jove remains strong f◊r that land where life was iJ.n endless fight against a stony soil and a stormy sea," , he said. "A land poor in gold, but I whe re almost every child can read and 1 write. But stronger than these lies are , t he bonds of faith and hope ancj Chris­ tia n charity-tha t Christianity gjven us by our peo ple . "N orsemen came to America 50 or 1 00 years ago hoping for an easier and a ·better living, but found the heaviest' ldnd of work. They fough't Indians and grasshoppers, they answered the call 'of Pr-esident Lincol n for men. And now this people Is holding its place in 1ts. adopted country with honor. Our p rayers go upward that all that Is done may· be for the good of our country, America." day, demonstrated through the opening day ot the great celebration. I n offering that proof, however , t h ese Norsemen-Americans all-made it clea1· tha� "flrat comes our country, A,merica. " .Stxty-tlve thousand persons, Norsemen and citizens of home descj3n t , thronged the grounds. J:t was striking proof. Despite a beating sun that drove the mercury upward and turnea the entire Fair grounds into a sweltermg arena, crowds in numpers that exceeded the average State Fair day pushed their way into the grounds Sunday. Automo'b iles droye into every •gate, three abrea::;t, and lines several blocks long waited _their turns. Streetcars, at hundred yard intervals, poured out their scores or- passengers. 1 Throngs Fill lfiPl)OC� rume First to fill was the Hlppodrome. Scene of immense throngs, attracted ,by hockey games or horseshows, the Hippodrome outdid itself Sunday forenoon for the ·religious service. Every seat, every ,box was filled. Rows of benches filling the entire floor space were occup\ed, and scores stood in the aisles, :,o no one could move. At every entrance, others stood, all throu gh t he two hour service. About them hung banners of Stavangerla,gs. Dig nitaries of the· churches of America and Norway were on the p latform. .A1bove and to the rear was the famous st. Olaf College choir and its director, F. 1\lelius Christianson. Below was the i.uther College band. At the Horticultural building, too, crowds of young people sat or stood for the ser25,000 .\U.end Three Services v\ce sponsored by the Young if>eople's Like the murmur of •the sea came Lu ther League, opening their con ven- the s ound of thousands of voices a tion. minute later repeating in Norwegian the I1 In the grandstand, however, the great- words of the Lord's Prayer, then again i est crowd assemble<:!. F'lrst, they filled the service of worship. Quietly they the upper tiers or seats, to stay within had stay.ea through the long service in ihe shadow of the stand. Row after spite of heat or lack of space. row, in a downward cascade, the i;;eats Thus these Norse- Americans proved lilled, until hundreds sat in the broiling 'their love of church and ·of nation. mn, refusing to move in spite :of the· There had been fully 25,000 at the three heat, to hear the servloe, sent out services. through microphone and amplifiers. Rev. H. K. Madseit Leads Service The St. Olaf College band was rea "',· to play, but unh{l,ppily no chair' been provided, and it was after l .1. before they were in place. )leantin11,, however, the service had started, under leadership of Rev. H. K. Madsen of Min­ neapolis. There were times when the'lt:-emend ­ ous congregation could not hear all that was going on, but it stayed regardless, to hear the chorus sing "Den Store �Next c S e ssion a t THE l\IINNEAPOLIS J( the entire space up to, the stand, and hundreds sat or stood in the field back of the stand. Others sat on Machine1 y hill, taking advantage of shady spots. Oroi\nl Presents Colorful Picture. A colorful crowd. Frequent umbrellas to ward off the hot i;un. Coats thrown ovtir arms, or not carried at all. Bri!­ liantly colored gowns and hats, mingling with the light shirts of the men, ma fo t he entire stand bright. Eager faced, ciown below the apea.kers' stand, watch erl every mo,·e, ig-norlng little cloud11 of dust that floated past at Intervals. Fit­ ful breezes now and then wal$ all th3.t took the edge from the hot afternoon and made the long 11esslon 'bearable. The new steel i;tand Itself was an in­ teresting picture. On the lowe1· level stood membei-s of the Students' Chorus of Oslo, waitlni. their turn to sing, girls in odd shaped blue tams, simple robes, the men. in uniform caps. Centennial· officials; chm·ch leaders, a group of women who were ,p.art of t'he official delegation., sat on hard chairs, each ready for a brief word 01 greeting to the throng. Two by• two the digni­ taries of Norway arrived, in tall silk hats, l'o ng ,black, heavy swallowtai!e,l coats, striped trousers, black shoes, dl1; nifled collars. They b1·ought port!olioi<, bearing official greetings of elabo,rate parchmer.t. Nearly All Speak ' Norwegian It was almost all in 1:'l'orwegjan. Two variations from the rule-a cablegram from Stava·n ger, Norway, ln Engli'!h, and the greetings of Governor Theodore Christianson, a Non,ei11an of the third generation , who apologized tor m>t ma�­ lng h is address in Norse. l!nspirlng!y, the audience sung the na­ tional anthem of Norway. The11 Pro­ ,fessor Gisie Bothne, chairman ot the Centennial committee, welcomed th,, visitors. Consul E. 'H. Robe introdu<'cd the visitors from iNorway, beginning with H. H. Bryn, minister to the United States, who brought th e official greet ­ i n,g from King Haakon VII. A partliamentary representative !rorr Oslo, C. J. Hambro, said that "t<he peu­ ple In Norway were proud of• what tr,e , Norwegians had done i n this country. j It gives them the right to have the two tricolors flying together,''- he said. ' La.rs O!tedal, minister of 1oolal at­ fal rs, said that Norwegians wanted to send the . prime minister., ·b ut could not do so because of the political situation. "The government feels that the invi­ tation to the conventioi, was just like • a handshake," he said. ''Ii, the last 100 I years a very strong bridge hll,s been built over the ocean from Norway to the I United States, and a large part of the best people in Norway have gone to the United States." Governor Speaks Fredrik Stang, rector of Oslo Uni­ versity, gave a &hart address. Nils Col­ ·l ett Vogt, famous Norwegian writer and novelist, spoke on Norse. culture. Governor Christianson told how his grandparents came to America in the '40s. "In greeting you I represent the gen­ er,1 I citizenry, and we are proud of the part the Norsemen have played In building up this country,'' he said. "Men make greatest progress In peace times. Not arms and the me,.n­ but tools and the man." He said that "In America. has been written ,the story of the Norsemen's greatest achievement," and compll0 'lliQ:n, after a hurried attempt at din­ ner, in crowded dining halls Ol' on benches about concession stands, or seated on the grass he re and tllere a.bout the grounds, they went back, augmented by thousand.s of others who came for the afternoon, to fill 'the grandstand. There could be no question about .; crowd. The entire grandstand was ftlted, and th � bleachers were ,partially But most of the crowd pro­ occupied. terred to be nearer, and filled the race track in front ot the speakers' stand, mei,ted them upon the tact that had always responded to the na call in time of danger .. Judge T. O. Gilbert Responds I . . ,_ _ Nqrsemen of Ameri,can love. � , a,dopted land so well they wis!J t� o-. � for It, but are willing to die fo • it .::f_ u.-.•l.�,� necessary, Judge 'J'. 0. Gilbert of mar said in response to the visit� r/_ ,•.• :aut they will ne,rer forget � 'there lies a land towai·d the 8' � snow,' " he said. "They are bou ,__..,, ,& 'Garnle Norge' wl,th strong bonds . ...._� L) are glad that these representaflves-� ­ corne, showing that a better under, 4lA .,;,-_ Ing: pf and respect !or the brother � slster11 in America has been _.,..a_ ,_,.J­ lished. '' Two concerts at night, both d11 � from the best talent ot Norse �"'� attracted thoµ �ands. J<�eatures w, -t.,VCt.. lcA.. U..J. Centennial cantata, words of w hi<. � written b y S. O . Most and music, � <r • Rode Jacobsen. St m Threat C ·andstand c The shortly b ore it was a storm t eatened, wi blowln1, through th stand. Cro ·ds burr, the exits, mmlng th stands roads out ot he grounds, ut the . grounds cleared without trouble. ��J �itt 7r Sunday Afternoon NO R SE GU ESTS ' SESSION G R JD STA J D Two O ' Cloc!? I n the Norse Language PAST. B. E. B ERGESEN, LEDER M us1 K "JA V 1 E LS K E R D ETTE L A N D E T " Fo rs amlingen Prof. Gisle B o thne V E L K OMST I I I LS E N H U N DREDAARSFESTENS STYRES FORMAND STAT E N S V E L K OMST H J LS E N Guvern¢ r Theodore Chris tianson M. B. Lands tad PRO LOG L IE S T AV ERLI N G DRA N GSHOLT TA L E Bisk.op Johan Lunde KORSANG H I L S E N E R FRA N O RG E S R E P RJESENTA NT E R I N TROD U CE RT VED K ON S U L E . H . H O B E H . M . Kong H aakon V I I R egj eri ngen Stortinget Universitetet S tt-f.,-.,.,u. Gud o o so Minis ter H. Bry n L. OftedaL C. ]. Hambro Re k t o r Fredrik Stang Forsamlingen oreg det ligg vel langt i nord, o. vetteren varer lenge ; m n • oset og livet i ditt ord det i gen kann setj a stenge. Um fj ellet er hpgt og dalen trong, dit ord heve daa sitt gjeng . si ne vaart dyre fed raland age bJ strand fr a fj rsol rp { bu, bq6der det kan seg spma ! N er l det i N oreg atter dag mecl v arsol og song i skogen. Um sf{\det enn gror paa yrrlist l ag, det b idde r daa etter plogen. So signe daa Gu� det gode saa , til groren ein gong er mogeri ! Vaart ,heimland i myrker lenge laag, og v,ankunna lj oset gjpymde. Men Gud du i naade ti! oss saag, din kj ::erleik oss ikkj e glpypmde : Du sende ditt ord til Tore s fj el l, og ljos yver landet st rpymde. H I L S E T E R FRA JORGE B e tsy Kjellsbe rg W. M o rgens tierne Nils Colle t t Vogt T. Pry ser No rges kvi nder N o rmandsfo rbundet F o r fa tte rforeni ngen Pressefo reni ngen KoRSANG IH I L S E N E R V E D R E P R JE S E N TA N T E R SvA RTA L E KoRSANG H V I S N A V N ! K K E VAR A N G I T r p R PROGRAMM ETS TRYK N J N G Dommer Trygve 0. Gilbert "S p N N ER AV NORGE"S NAT10NALFO R .\ 1 A N D K.O R S t\ N G A V D ET B LI-\ N D E D E AKA D E M J S I E KOR F R A JORGE ALFRED R U S S, D l RT G ENT M u s 1 K V ED LUT H E R C O L L E G E CONC E R T B A N D PROF. CARLO A . SPERATI , I.EDER �mr=TTD il'!!!!!il'!!!!!1IDI1IDTTTITTTT il'!!!!!!l!lll!iil!l= il'!!!!!illlll!!!l!lll!i!jjjjjjjll!_;;,]jl!]@j!!l!!!j!!l!!!jil'!!!!!illlll!!illlll!!!l!lll!i!l!lll!!� m�!l!lll!!@jjjj@jjjj!!l!!!j!!l!!!jil!!!!!�il'!!!!!!l!lll!i@jjjj@jjjjmnm !!l!!!j!!9!l llDlIDm !!l!!!j� 1mmr �•�i!g-m � illllll !!l!J·mm !l!!ll!!JID� UIT� /@ # � UIT1ID @jjjjPIIllII l!l!!ij,lIDlli [69] �2 NORDI&l( TIDENDE, TORSD. En digterisk Hiisen ·fr� Norge f / rl ,./ Nils Collett Vogts Tale ved 1 00-Aars Festen i Minneapolis S�ndag. 7. Juni frerotiden, har vi aandsarbeide siden fulgt : Politisk uavhrengighet, national gjenreisning i syn, !¢!else, sprog. Kort sagt - ytre og incjre selvstreiidlg]let paa demokra­ tiets grund. :Bj¢rnstjerne Bj¢rn­ son ' skrev engang, at had de han ikke anledning ti! hvert aar at vre­ re borte nogeu maaneder, puste i h¢iere luft end vor egen, vilde han gaa aandelig tilgrunde. Werge­ land blev, der han var. Det var hau da forresten vakkert n¢dt ti!. Og kan vilkaarene i Norge endnu mangeu gang _ f¢les beklemmende, ja, beskjremmende smaa, hvor me• get mer fo� hundre aar tilbake ? I Krlstlania, byraakratbyen paa 30,· 000 mennesker, levet han sit korte !iv. En verdensaand i et . musehul. Han veltet ikke husene 1 ravnekro­ kens . trange, stille gater, nei, han saa Mit - h¢it over dem. Aldrig levet en norsk mand, l hvem der var saa megen glrede som i ham. Mindes vi ham nu - og hvor gjerne erindrer v1 ikke den indsats, som var bans ! - h¢rer vi vlngeslag i blaa luft. Han er det nyf¢dte lands soltindrende mor­ morgep.fuglen, som med gen, spramgende triller varslet ind da­ gen, den, som skulde komme. I hans spor fulgte BjS:Srnson og flere. Vi v�ndt frem. Ikke alene politlsk uavhamgighet vandt vi, men - og det er hovedsaken - vi blev os eelv bevisst. Gjennem vor literatur, vor videnskap, vor kunst opdaget vi Norge . Fra aar ti! aar NILS COLLETT VOGT har 11,ke mlndst norsk literatur i • 7Yt�. Med fuld ret har man da menneskesk:lldringens tegn ¢ket og oa;saa-kaldt dette Jandnam for vor frestnet vor kundskap om land . og stammes djerveste bedrift i det folk. nittende aarhund rede. Men ogsaa De store ga,mle d¢de. En e !ter en anden erobring gjorde vi i det en gik de fra os. Vi sat der igjen s amm e tidsrum. ':!.1ed opbud av med !ornemmelsen av en senh¢­ ku nstner1ske evner i ¢dsel utfol- stens dag, naar taaken Jregger sig clelse skapte vi indenfor vore grren- vaat og !dam og tret over grantop­ ser en literatm·, som rummer de pe n e, mens der inde fra tyknin­ koi;teligste av vor aallds ri l{ dom - gen, hvor mastetr rerne staar, IY­ me. En ny verden paa egen der hugg 1 hugg _ naadelj!lst, ulyk­ grund. kesvarslende, dumpt. Det tynde• I 182:5, samme aar som de f¢rste des i storskogene. Men siden da norskr- ,tvandrere satte foten paa har nye slegter vokse,t op. Ny Amerikas jord, blev Henrik Werge: ungdom. Og den, som nu kom, har ,lau1.....��1STT�O'l)--pllo-'i-2,e-,-l-'eCL..L .tl_f_-___ _ a1'�a.l u �aef .l_ e_ O U..,___ p ......... }{ S_ J -sai.1:il e :il:il!! :ilJJP l'B uap • 8 ffllt!J,\l .19.19}{.lt!UI ,l9A'8 .l :il e+PU9f:l{n aa "ll.\J ·uadmi .:ilo JJJ saprotI .ll JP '8+ 8 -'CB seu.10:il:illqpuJ At! Ptl!q +rif ·map ':it[ OJ Tl+ :inoJ '8lJ l8A'Bt:{ .l 9AO s a p .rapun .l8IJAq UI9At:{ l8A UI OS ua:ilUJ -mids mos o.i q u ap 1l'8S 8++ 1l1lW .ra ,rna 'A'B.t:il paA .1.t1.12 .rap .ra.\J ' $1'BSPUJ auuap .!OJ map .l8UIUIO:l{ t:iW a I'IOOO J,�rif a ISWHcI -m )j_ 8l .101s 'l8t{:ilJ.\J Ualt:{A'8Il }{SJUI -QUO}{ ¢ m ua:ilU'Bl + ad'B}!S l1l pam Ved festen 1 Grand Stand paa statsutstillings­ Minnesotas plnq.s bragte Nils Collett Vogt, som reprresentant for Norges forfatterforening de utflyttede landsmrend f¢lgende smukke hilsen : Paa norsk forfatterforenings veg­ ne hilser jeg utvandrede lands­ mrend. Norske forfattere har sendt mig hit. En og anden likhet er der mel• Iem dere og os. I de sidste hun­ dre aar blev paa fremmed grund en uy verden erobret av og for nordmrend. Vide strrelminger har nordmamd her underlagt sig og med kraft og seig flid visst at ut0 Ingen vii mer indtrrengende for­ staa denne sangs pathos end mine tllh¢rere her. I eller eders forfre­ dre gjorde den til . eders, da drag­ ningen over skyggende og strengen­ de fjeld blev saa mregtig, at I for­ vandlet dens ord ti! handling. Ik­ ke at slaa sig ti ! ro i det trygge, men vaage, srette livet ind er . et karakterdrag, som gaar lgjen i vor historie. Ofte paa det ulj!lnsomme. Eller heist paa det ul¢nsomme. I aandens verden er der ogsaa fjeld og hav og braasluk, som det gjrel• der at naa over. Det _ koste hvaq det maa og vil. Ogsaa der er det land at ta, grrenser at utvide. Al­ tid dypere. Altld h¢1ere. Paa den anden side av fjeldmuren vinker en ny verden, som ikke glr kunst­ neren fred, f¢r han har vu;ndet den, fl!lr han i skapende uro ha,r gjort den til sin. Ogsaa han er utflytter og rydningsmand. Over de h¢ie fjelde ! I det fjerne. De er trofaste, fj�ldene, hvad enten de s}{aper utve eller hjemlrengsel. Hittll har gjennemgaaende nor­ ske skribenter stillet sin kunst i nationalitetsideens tjeneste. Saa eneraadende var dens herred¢mme over sindene, saa paatrrengepde sterk dens magt, at i hundre aar samlet alle kulturbestrrebelser sig i en ubrutt str¢1+1 mot ett dagi{lart maal : Ytre og indre selvstrendig­ het. Med eller mot vor vilje hvirv­ )edes vi alle ind 1 str¢mmen, den altld voksende. Den rev os med slg. Der er tegn, som tyder paa, at en perlode av vort aandsl!vs h!­ storle nu er tilende. Krigen har skapt nye synspunkter. . Hvorom altlng er : Den trodslge selvhrev­ delses, den brautende selvfp!elses tld er forbi. Iklie en str¢m lrenger, men hver mand for ;:;lg. Norske skribenter har !kke den fordel mer at bli 1¢ftet paa toppen av en na­ tional b¢Jge, lkke de11 lyl{ke eller ulykke at tjene et praktlsk gjen­ nemf¢rl1g formaal. Hvad de I sin kunst yder, vii herefter virke Vd� sit eget indre Uv. Ja, slik er det. Den samme uro, som drev den ene over hav, kan til ham, som blev sittende hjemme, 1 hviske rytrnens hemmellghet I ¢ret, saa han stanser fortrollet og h¢rer dlgteta fugl suse over sit ho­ En ting er viss : Llteraturen bl!r de. Hvern av de to er vel den rl; ved at vrere en avgj¢rende faktor keste? I utviklingen, de frie aanders tum­ Mangt et bud har vi gjennem leplass og slagmark. Vi ¢nsker norsk Uteratur sendt landsmrend vore landsmaend i Amerika velkom­ paa denne side av havet. Det men ti! leken og l� ampen. Og noget har vi da at by paa. hrendte, at vi spurte os selv : Har da dlsse ikke noget at betro os til Vi bor i vort eget hus. Ikke �t gjengjreld ? Jeg fornrermer lngen famlig hus. Vor kultur er ikke her ved at st, at hittll har Ameri­ noget avsluttet og blir det forhaa­ kabrevene vreret vore utvandrede bentlig aldrig. Kommende slegter landsmaends vresentllge bidrag ...ill vil utbygge, vll utvlde huset efter norsk literatur. Tro ikke at jeg sit behov, men vel at merke i sam­ undervurderer deres betydnlng og menhreng med vor folkekarakter. vrerd. De har ¢vet sin skjaebne­ Vi bor 1 vort eget hus, og allerede svangre gjerning. Ikke at undre nu er der mange vrerelser 1 huset slg paa om vi og�aa higet efter vort. Plass no){. Vi har plass tll andre bud end dem, som tok vor dere alle. ypperste folkekraft. Sidste jul ut­ Og i,aa tllslut en h!lsim fr:1 '!'aa­ kom paa norsk forlag en bok, skre­ ren derhjemme. J eg tilstaar, a t vet av en norsk-amerlkaner - jeg det var med tungt hjerte, jeg reiste mener 0. E. R¢1vaags I de Dage, et tra den. Naar map. reldes, blir man verk, der, som I alle vet, sklldrer patriot. Hvor paa jord er vaaren norsk nybyggerllv paa prrerlen for friskere, gladere, mer forjrettelses­ halvhundre aar siden. H¢1 him­ rik end hos os ? Hidsig sllkker den mel er der over boken. Lyet hu­ solbakken, mens en liten balk sul­ -s Ul 1100 I!q 11 rl>eX-Xt�P"+Sffl 1,J OOK auuiw 'U:jOSaUTIJII[ JO A:jJ$l9A1Ufi-'au � +9UUil }l .l'Bt{ 8:l{l{l :ilar re J9:il'B!:l{9q ·uun\I ,sire.fr sn.ll.ia,>£ 'uaor\1 \L sra.-.r ·uo1 :ila f ' 'B}!J.l9UlV I }!{ OJ 9:l{S.lOU ap In a,qsua.c1. UlJ apuams 'J�:j:l'(9J!P apu Jn UI8.lJ U8S!l!i 8+89UI.lt!A UJUI 0JOOq ·JS�da;:iJA '('; '[U'BcJ ' lS ' UllOU '0 ·y : ; l'B mo ruaa apoututl lJA :ila f : .zaii .LSrif.HS1IVVtiI1IUNflH til11S�V JIIW -I¢J: ruos apunrua:ilou P¢l aa.zq sua.ll - ------ · -- -=-- - =----UO}I 'lana.1 p.1O sua:iluo)[ .ra map ft n 'ptrllI aJuttl:il +GP pam pap1-elUO)[ , Ji . ',.· ..,:' , '., '.�<.d, -:.-� '..,\,t', ?;\ , -''\.'· .,. : �Sunday Evening CO NCERT H I PPODROME Eig h t O'Clock H ALLVARD A S K E LA N D IN CHARGE M usic St. Olaf College Band PROF. J. ARNDT B E R G H , COND UCTOR Augsb urg Seminary Glee Club so�GS PROF. OPS ETH , D I R ECTOR Gert rude B o e Overby SONGS The Academic l\1ixed Ch oir of Norway SONGS AL FRED R U SS, DIRECTOR PO E M : "Norway to America" Hen rik !Verge land READ BY PROF. J U LI U S E. OLSO N , IN ORI G I NAL TRA N SLATI ON Ole Bull T H E C HA LET G I R L'S S U N DAY N I LS R E I N , V I O LI N I ST Nils Collett ADDRESS f/ ogi PRESIDENT O F TH E A U THORS' SOCI ETY OF NORWAY Cars ten Th orwald Woll " O P E N T H E GATE S " ESTH ER WOLL, ACCO M P A N l ST T I -I E NORSE C E NT E N NIA L CANTATA TEXT B Y S. 0. M 9)ST, M U SIC BY J. RODE JACOBSEN S U N G BY M E M B ERS OF ST. O LAF G L E E C L U B AND OTH E R M A L E C H O R U S E S PROF. D. A. TJ OM SLAND , DIRECTOR STA R SPANGLED B A N N E R C. A. White Alfred Paulson T H E FLAG WIT H O UT A STA I N NAAR FJORD E N E B LA A N E R NORW EGIAN S ! NGERS' ASSOC lATION O F A M ERICA PROF. FREDERICK W I C K , DIRECTOR Grieg L A N D K J E NDING NORW EGIAN S I N G ERS' ASSOC IATIO N OF A M ERICA OTTO CLA U S E N I N T H E SOLO ACCO M P A N I M ENT BY ST. OLAF COLLEGE BAND PROF. FREDERICK WICK, DIRECTOR M usrc St. Olaf College Band [71] �J U BI LJEUMS KANTATE S. 0. MOST Musik av J. RODE JACOBSE · l,)aa fremmed steel vil sretle ho. 'De tevnet over vicl clen frem og fanclt paa veien sig et hjem. Ved sjpens breclcl, ved elveleie, der tok vi Vi nlands jord i eie. Sol o : Mindet om landet s o m Leif hadde fundet, var i aarhundreclers lpp nresten svundet, vaktes av forsynet atter tillivelandet for nordmrend et hjem skulde blivfi- R ecitativ : Kor: Guel som f prte sit folk til forjrettelsens lancle, han fprte os frem til de froclige steel er. Med utfrerdslysl i ungdoms aar vi spkte for os beclre kaar, vi kom fra Norges fjelcl og fjord som odelsmrend Lil V inlancls jord. Og landet fandt vi godt og stort, vi bygget hjem, <let l a n d er vort, og under stjerneflagets folder vi vakt om landets frihet holder. Solo : Her blev manclemodet prpvet i den fprste rydningstid, her blev freclens stordaad pvet i et claglig slrep og slid ; v iclclen laa i urtids pde, bpcl kun savn og strenge kaar, ) ovet clog en gylclen grpcle efter slitets tunge aar. Recitativ : Mincles de mrend som gik foran og rycldet den fprste bygd. Kor : Solo: Det lysnet i skogen hvor hyttene stod og prrerien l agdes i furer, da l i vsmodet groclcle og alter slog rod l psrevet fra hjemlanclets urer, da linclredes savnet, da stilnecles tvil og tprre cles taarefylclt pie, da Jagde sig alter om munclen et smil med tak til vor Guel i <let hpie. Kvartet : Saa ranch cla aandens tider med <laab og naclversbord, hvor dpdens engel skrider, kom trpst ved Herrens orcl. Kor : Vi mindes vel og hredre de djerve rydningsmrend, vor kirk es f prste fredre, der kom til nybygt grrend. Solgangsveir gaar over orclen, k y ten laa i blaalig dis, og ret ut Stavangerfjorclen staar en slup for kveldens bris. Havet laa i sommerhvile cla den stak i vest sin stavn, fjorten uker saa man ile fpr den naadde ew Yorks havn. Solo: Sluppens frerd var drist i g daad, uhprt for saa l iten baadfrem til Vestens folkempde var den orges fprstegrpcle. Kvartet : Dette hundredaarig' minde lyser over tak og Linde som et gylclent soleglad. Ticlen var i freclen lune, <la vi ristet fprste rune paa vort nye sagablacl. Kor: Rikelig Herren vel signet vort virke, slegt efter slegt ska} ophpie hans navn, som blandt vort folk vilde bygge sin kirke midt under rydningens trrengsler og savn. Fri i sin fylde som brusende elv, lovsa n g skal stige mot buede hvrelv. Recita,tiv: Nybygget ved Kendall stocl prpven, der ryddet vi fprste grrend. Solo : Da vaagnecle brat vor utfrerclslyst, den slumret i sekler lange ; en nyfpdt frihet gav mod i brysl og haab gjennem ticler tran ge. At oclle sig gaarcl i fjerne Vest blev maalet for mange, mange. Solo: Rydningstidens mprke minder glider ut i tidens strpm, clukker op, men alter svinder fra vort syn som halvglemt drpm. u er solklar dag oprunclen, vidclens vildhet overvunden, kronet er haabet fra rydningens gry. Kvart et : Der li gger de store viclcler med cleiligste akerlancl, de laa cler fra arilclstider og ventet sin ryclningsmancl. Kvartet : Lover Gud Herren og giver ham rere, som har os leclet med naaderik haand, han gav os kraften til byrden at brere, han stocl os nrer med sit orcl og sin aancl. Hosianna ! Du Davi els spn, Halleluja ! Han stod os nrer med sit orcl og sin aand. lEren er Guds i clet hpie. Kor : Der gaar mot vest et folketog, som ut fra freclrehjemmet drog, en freclens hrer med haab og tro NOTE-The words and music for I.his Cantata were written by Mr. Milst and composed by Mr. Jacob �n, who won flJ·st prizes i n competition with mani• 0U1er . The Cantata will be sung at the centenma I celebra tion. [ 72] �The Concert at the Grand S tand also hel d Sunday evening had muc h the sarne program as the Cone ert in the HippQ drome he same artists partic ipat , wi t h the ex- c eptio n that here , the mus. i c vras rendered by the Lut her College Bancl , and the So l o i sts wer e f1:iss Dikka Ba thne . and C . N . Engels.t ad. The Americ an Choir,£ art ic ipa t ing at this C oncert were the Wa ldro f College 9bei F and the C on c o rdia Col lege Choi r(. :Miss Hanna Astrup Larsen , Literary Secretary . American S candinav ian Fo unda t ion , gave t he following splendid address on " The Norse-Americ an :reISe1v e� '""ffle �• The Norweg1an women Of Amer1ca :�::h:•r;::· �-�:!: !!� us what o Speech by Hanna Astrup Larsen, Editor of ''The American Scandi� navian Review.. at the Norse-American Centennial Celebra• tion Sunday Evening, June 7th. A 8 E A U T J f U L T R"J 8 U T £ 'Yhen J 1''U asked to apeak for N"oi'"·eglan women ot America. the tUk u first seemed eas)· . There seemed only one l'l' Ord to say. only one note to strike-that of gratl• tude to the pioneer mothers And . J kn01'' that In voicing 1hl11 t 11h0llid be saying only -what ls In : which has sheltered and nourlahed moat or us from childhood. What .,.8 kno"· about Martha Lar• son Is scanty. but glgnltlcant, 8 that we can construct In lmaglna · lion her gracious. noble personall· ty. She was only a little past twen• ty when she married Lara Larson, a man much older than herself, el· ;ierienee in war and imprison• n:ent. sobered by his conversion to the sirang;e Quaker talth, and by rs ��l�::i:_ �: h::�:� )':�:s they were married shouldered the responslblllty tor the oppresaed and persecuted of hill faith. The Lo.reon:, h"d been married, leu than a year when the young wife was called on to leave her child• hood home and all the friends or 1 t e 1 �::i!:, :1� ::�u:� \r�: which theY knew there could be ne lUrnlng back. There were reaaons why It required eai,eelall:, high courag;e tor her to go Just then. tor her tlrat child was born on 'the Atlantlc. During the tint fl•e weeks or Its JUe her baby wae Jul· led to sleep by the wavea that toe;, se h r a �ANNA ASTRUP LARSEN' �:e� :�:; ::;lved ID America th• .heart of every one of you. Bu! the Sloop folk continued to look to a s r ooneldered the matter more Lars Larson as a kind of proTI· closily, It waa not so easy. So dcnce. He bullt \n Rochester, New . mal'0· figures cro. my mCmory, York what muat In those days haTe ·ded a n 1 u lt e e :a:. :��: :: ��;;:��:r �:ou�:: ��:� :h: n": �!�e���:a! :n ln::1� Ing .here-came back lo me tf!at It tutlon. an Immigration mlulon, a 1''ae not easy to cho011e. But lhen free hotel. an employment bureau. a text came to my hand. a lette( a home•!indlng society. a Halfway from Martha Larson, the wife of House between the Atlantic 888. Lars Lareon In Jellane, who led the board and tbe free lands In the Sloop "Restauratlonen" to these west wh ich soon a bsorbed Norweshores. And It seemed that nothjng glan Immigrants.When Norwegians could be more titting than to take came to New York wltbout money as a type of Norweglan•Amerlcan or friends or work. the Norwegian' women the Flrst Lady of the "Re- Consul would pay their fare to Roetaurat lonen", the flut :-.orweg\sn chester, and Lara Ls1"!1on did the woman. so far as we know. to found rest. We can eaelly Imagine what a permanent home on American part the wife bad In all this. and ROI!. In honoring her we �hall re- from the lettere written by Martha member alao the many known an d Larson we get a vivid picture of 0 "Aa Lare 1, goiDI to New York, l wm tell )'OU a little about our con· dltlons, as well aa about the otber Norwegians here. TwelTa NOT'W• glane came here today, and are the table eatlnl now elttlng at their eupper. About two weeks 110 there arrived from ninety to a hundred people. They atayed at our house and m)' brotb er'a bouH about a week and we furnished meals for nearly all of them. Moel 8 b 8 · :re ::1�1 ��:e r�:l����: o:; bouee of the first lramlrr1nt11 1'11.o arrived." She goes on to Implore EUu Ta&lad that h• urce no ona to em!• grate who cannot help himself, � cou11e, she aaya: "Practical!)' all of them come to us. and we cannot !:�:� ;�::, t0 ��! ��!t 8;e ':! ;or ::�U:\1�� t ba!: gone around town looking; for work tor tbl'm Into the country. We aparo no palH to make them aatlafled:' In the aame letter she saye tbat ber husband Is "greatly Interested tn church work. Is diligent In bl• work. and we live together with great happiness. for God baa hleaur e Y 1;: i::�::: ;,��::�: :uau,• g7:::, five glrla and good. healthy. ren. -who give Sha wu I one boy. They are well·bebaved cblld• us great Jo:,"." well named after a 1 ,::::: :0 :::! ::::�1:::. �u bad a leo something "of tbe Mary' • Her letters breathe a deep nature. piety, She concerne beree\f much for a friend who hH 1trayed from the straight path and ehe tella what a comfort the meetings of the P'Tlende are to her. They seem to her like a k ln&dom or heaYen on "I have often thought or earth. of the tbee H well H the reel Frtenda there and I reel a great love towards you all. more tban r can with pen elpreas. O that we may remember the SaTlour's word when be says "love one another." 0 t:!a: atateb' and beauttrul wu the lea.Ttnr their bom•la•d though perbape they nner 1111nt10r ut m N ;�: !!�!:� :IC� :�� w°i:;: 1 stemmed birches. the purling name, but the lneane asylum11 could h h 1 1 1 r • !:��·b; :11':e�� �::: o::�e:.::.� ;:!:,! d7d �� �be ::;: all the tblnp that make Norwegian voua antems of women. r ee n 0 a ht at =t: :n� �te::�:. �:Y ;:m� �� re:e�b:r°'�b� w�: r:1� the yet unconquered prarle, hoettle, wayside. who were u11.equal to the a lm011t slntater, with no boundaries. &train, but by far the greater num• t e n w e wh t �::t::m1 c�:e -�� :::� :�e��=r� :::e :l� ��'::n t�e:� �� . th:: only the llil gra1111 In which un, strong. serene faces we hiwe seen kno"·n dangt>rs lurked, dangers the rertecllon of a life well lived. from "·!Id belate and red men. and So fa r this hard toll and lowly h'om the Insidious unknown sick- service In the house and on the PHIi !hat wae eJ:baled by the fresh• farm le the greateat contribution ly•turned soil. I have read a sp�b the :-orweglan·Amerlcan woman del ivered on Old Pioneers' Day, In bas given. Whal little shs bas which a fine tribute le paid to the done In the lnlellectua\ field fades pioneer women. I quote a few by comparison. There are obvious words : "Tbey were able to stand reasons tor t his In the ulgeneles of a lmOl!t any amount of toll and prl· pioneer ll te. Another lies In the vatlon. They were not afraid of a oonservat ism by which the new mou�. They "·ere In blissful lgnor- community was hedged about as r s t n r c g ;:t!h7cb �t�e;�: st:•:!� ::: v:;:�: t:::.::: ::\��r�l�; ��:;: �� ��: ::� ::n�:;•�:��:i; ::�:�s� wlTea or those whom "e used to dear aoula couldnot dr!Ye a natl any ous. Tha respect and comradeship call "the old Ministers". Most o ! better than their granddaughters. which Norwegian men gh·e their theee women came here as young but they could drive - a yoke of women have old traditions. As tar comfortable oun, and handle the Pitch fork back as "NJaal's Sa ga" we read of brldee. came from sheltered homes where they had •nd the rake almost as well H the Bergthora "a saying "I am NJaal's wife and I have as much to HY in delicately careful ly broom and the mop. been and brought up. They came to a land I ebould Question some points I n our household ae he has." a a t .:!: !7!�:��;: :i!:� 0 :! ::�!: � i;;� Gd place. Outalde of tbe home he ::�:1 t: :: ;:� �:r�:!�: �; her opportun ities for higher educa, 0 1 c h 118 c :� "her �r���er:�,:�t l�s�en,; ��:1� to her counsels. He has had liltle f 1g b n ce :;r �u:1�:��! :� 1 :ad�r=:�P� N'ever•the-leas. all this ts changing and bas already changed. Many ot " n t d ���-e �1 :C� :::0�;� : revolution in t he position of Norweglan•Amerlcan women. It la true. we hs,·e not yet been touched by the agitation of women ministers of the Go6pel. which Is running Its course In the Scandinavian coun· tries, and I doubt that 1'' C ever shall. But as teaehera and writen and ID uecullve pOl!lllons women have ample opportunities tor stamping the I mage of their ideala on our epmmunily. The Norw g ian•Amerlcan colleg;e, those tha s �= n nl 0 �-:� �!� = ::d. !: :i::t;::1;\,o�:: a: y�:�� men. and as faat as these youn women are able to fill higher p,os! t\ons, the p011lllons are being opened to them. The very rapidity with which the change hoa come about makes It necessary that we should pause e I e r 8 e h e r g e t n l n :eld :� :1: :��� ha� ��:: :��: � b � P':'o; of� i ; ;��.� �· u: �o f�::· :. �: �;:; �: : 1��'.� ; :.: a calico curtain aa a dl\· ldlng that tired feeling; I am sure they raee. Within the home, he bas on the history of the pioneer screen : Where the diet consisted rose up and lay down with It. gtven hi� wire and stster an honor• women and get rrom them both ehletly of aalt pOrk. and a bo1'·1 of common ordinary mllk-11oup was a queen's dlsb. But the Norwegian American world was youug In those dan. full of hope 11.nd buoy. ancy. and nothing eeemed Jmpoe· T y u a o :�!�a=r·: :u: ::�ed �: :al:: th• friendly handclasp of the far• mer'e wUe, and that old-country social elaaTage which le c redited with being In large measure re· N e r b 0 :o: s�:�;:t�: I :: �!�;1::. the n ew land where all shared the e hardships aam the d an k r -wo aame The new community wae built on the most democratic foundation thla country bas ever seen - not leaet through the friendship of the women who helped one another In their l:lOmmon troubles and their common problems. Yet for a ll their democratic simplicity, the pareon­ ages set a standard or culture and refinement which the c rude young world In those daya needed, while waa •l rnost H tbelr b pltallty oe boundleaa as that deecrlbed In :�c:�: !::, r ter 1 r lo e • o b ab:�:;� ;o:':�;',!::. �:''::�� M��': � :z:!,1:.! �lyq-wbat ::.o:'�! :: ;:: :r ��1: ";;; :�n�; :: ��t:e:�:\:� :,: co friend , l!lllu Tastad wltli 111 mcll•falks • d b r b r, Tbos:. w": ::: �� ;::-A=� ��•:::: = : : = : ; i: :: s:.:::� !:: !:':...'1:- �:!/� /:! aac:;r ��.".:�� �::: 1 i:: Httle Incident told n 1 !�- b;: :!•::t b:•:�11 to leave for Norway, She was then b a ab =�� ;,�� :: %!�::!, � ��� 1� YOU were going to heaven ! " Thia lmpulelve word throws a bt\ckward 1 b 1 a :r \ooi:ea:: �e: h;�:�a::.v::::: she never saw again. The house Lars Lenon built for hie wUe In 1827 Is still standing. and up to a re'! yean ago their youngest daughter lived there. She still owns It, but tor aome time past bas occupied an adjoining; house. Through this faithful daughter who haa kept the memory or her parent11 green we feel a s U we could almost touch bande with Martha Lanon. the First Lady or Norweglan America. may He from r-::·�:!:\:a�:�;i;�; v 1 ra :;�� · chastening and tn11ptntlon T� b · l ll I· n 1 ;�: :re��:� :!s �: ��oll �; :: • � constructed out of theories. 'J'h'.')" r t 1 1• 1 ��:� ;l1r�o:�;:0,;� �:;t �it t ;;;' their place naturally. They ditl ;1e1'. s 1 g t 1 1 :::: :0- t�e:� e::�Y ::� ��t� :�� demands. And they "'ere great because they bad Infinite pol'l·er or d o l !�r:����· w�!:�t;�i�� or :ea:l::�" They gave everything and nskeij nothing. Unless we can carry on In their spirit. h igher education and wider opportu11llles a ,•all us nothing. __ ,__ �Monday morning , June 8th , s o-ce,l l e d Norse Sessions v,ere held in the Hippodrome and at th e Grand Stand . Hippodrome, the following progrsxn. with fifteen-minut e 79 t th e addr ess took place. Chairman , Waldemar Ager . introduced by laura Bratag er. Song by Concordia College Choir . Herman {. Monson , Leader . The :Horse People , Addresses . Our Heri tage ,, Solo ,. Glimpses from the Pioneer Days i Ris t o r:Y of Jforsem en in Ame rica , Song by Concordia College Choir ; The Norsemen League , Fraterne.l Organizations ,. S olo, liarse Homes , The Place of the Parson�ge in th e Lif e of Our Community , Bon .L. Oftedahl ; Prof .O.E.Rolvaag ; A. J. Boe ; Rev. �sle K� f sen ; Past . L.�. Gi�mestad; W . :Morgenstj erne ; L. Stt\Vnheim; Alvin Snesrud ; Rev. T . 0 . Tolo Ola Johann I ntroduc t ion of Descendants of the " Sloop ers" aervol d ; �G R A N D STAN D Nine- Th irty O ' Clock HON. N. T. MOEN, CHA IRMAN I N TRODUCED BY REV. H . K . M ADSEN F I FTEEN-M I N UTE-A D D R E SSES SONGS PROF. OSCAR LYDERS, DIR ECTOR Waldorf College Choir Prof. Theodore C. Blegen C LE NG P E E RSON Prof. 0. M. N o rlie THE SLOO P E R S SONGS Henry Houglum MY MOT H E R , T I- I E S LOOP B A B Y Jane S. A twater R ev. John S LOOP DAYS L. Atwater R agna, Anna Marie, and 0. O t t ers en SONGS Dr. Carl D. Kols e t T H E PIO N E E R P H Y S I C I A N R t . R ev. I. D Ylvisaker T H E P ION E E R PASTOR Waldo rf College Choir SONGS R ev. I. 0. Hall How W E B E CAM E AM E R J CA N S R ev. I. C. R oseland G R E ETINGS F R O M PENN SYLVA N I A REPRESENTING T H E SESQ U I C E NTEN N I AL I NTERNATI O N A L E X PO S I TI O N OF --====- N O RSE-A M E R I CA N H I STO R I C A L SOC I ETY St. L ouis County Building, [ 75 ] Ten O'Clock ] 926 �"Again, I dare say that if there ever �lved a man ov whom it may be sala, m the fullest and highest sense of the expression, that he sincerely tried, the pioneer physician came ploser to it than others who may lay claim t o such ac­ complishmen·t. "'l'he pioneer physician, more than the present day man, forsook comfort, person11,l conveniences-all that was pleasant and good in his existence, in­ cluding enjoyment cf ho�ne-to admin­ ister to the sick and help those in need · to bring sunshine and cheer to thos� in need of It. And time and again h e took o f his small . worldly possessions and gave it to those he thought needed • , i.t more than he or his. And yet his gave but poor compensation-yes, worse than that he often met with le and slander." } Pioneer Pastor Speaks . hty In good works, too, have bee� pio)leer pastors, said llevr' I. D. Ylvlsaker • of-¥'ai:,g:�N....-'IY.; ffimself a mem � er of the pioneer Ylvisaker family, promment in the church. He named some of those most prominent In the Norse church's development. "Filled with the love of God and su­ preme regard for His truth and sus­ tained by unflinching faith in the peo1,)le, these men spread like a benediction , over our peojle and followed· them wherever they built their homes," he said. "They were men of knowledge. High­ ly educated and finely cultured, either in the 1best schools of their homeland or Bits of Norse History Presented Bits out of the 100 • years' h;istory trained il;l educational institutions of of Norsemen in America were peresent- their adopted fatherland, they possessed ' ed for Centennial visitors today in .1 5 a. learning equal to the best, but filled minute addresses a t t h e grandstand and with the l;!Obler knowledge. They were Hippodrome. Waldemar Ager was men of God, deeply religious. Thor­ chairman of one meeting, at which oughly trained in the word of God. addresses were in Norse, and N:. T. They came to build the church of Jesus i Moen presided at the other, ln Eng­ Christ among our countrymen,. "Because they themselves were men � lish. The pathfinder or the, ftrst Nora&. im­ of kn owledge, they realized that the J migrants, for example, was the theme tlrst requisite of the situation was the of Theodore C. Blegen, assistant super­ education of the people. They started intendent of the State Historical ,soci­ with the children, training them In their ety. Kleng Peerson, who preceeded the catechism, explanation, and the Bible sloop "Restau ratlonen" by four years, history." was the pathfinder. His work, bringing the first Norwe­ gian Quakel'B fFom Stavanger, strongly i:arallels the coming of the Pilgrims in the Mayflower, seeking economic and religious liberty, Mr. Blegen said. Peer­ eon truly is "The Father of Norse Immigration," he said. Following that start, Peerson carried on by leading groups into middle west settlements, Mr. Blegen said. The path­ finder did! not, however, bring the im­ migrants to Minnesota and the north­ west, but to Illinois and Misso'4ri. Tells Story of "Sloopers" Professo1· 0. M. Norlie of Luther Col­ lege, Decorah, Iowa, told the' story of the "sloopers," and their trip to Amer­ ica 100 years ago. Miss Jane S. At­ water and Rev. John L. Atwater of Chlcag:o, daug·hter and son of the ";,loop baby, " told of \lady days as told them by tbeir mother. - Praisin� the pioneer physician, Dr. Carl D. Kolset of Sanborn, Minn., told of some of the earlier physicians who have done much for their profession. "The pioneer physician of our people differs in no way from the presiint day physician, nor from the physjcians of other nationalities," he said. "They all are of the same ·noble chara,cter. As a man, ll\l is dignified, and yet cheerful and sincere in his calling; !n hi,. wo,;k he is quiet; in his association with man­ kind he is friendly and honest. His dignity forbl<ls him to stoop to employ the bla,re of t rumpets aRd beating of drums to proclaim his ofttimes almost miraculous· wofk, �82 Already Thus far th e event ha d b een o n e cont inuous c el e­ brati on .. If Sundaj br ought glory t o the C e l ebrati o n by Off i c ial ;i;;::t;i, r � lig��us s ervi c e , an�h e p r e s enc e of -tL.e �, l:.j,,U.t ,.,f..wM � Horv ay , :Monday brought a c limax � by the pres enc e of the Presi dent of - th e Uni ted S t a t e s , Ce,l vin C o o l i dg e , and th e Repr es ent a t i v e of Ame ric a ' s S i s t er Nat i o n t o the No rth , Hon . Thomas H . Johnson J repre s en t i ng the Governo r General o f Canada , Lo rd Byng . No t only di d th e Pres i dent ' s vi s i t rous e the int ere s t o f th e thousan d s o f lfor s emen , who ha il ed him as th e i r s p ec i al gue s t o n thi s o c ca s i on , but th e enti re Nor thwe s t , yea , the vrho l e c ountry looked up on i t wi th ke en int e r e s t . �IlTTDUTITJITJTT Monday Afternoon Two O' Clo cle G R AN D STA N D Music Luther College Concert Band PROF. CARLO A . SP ERATI , CONDUCTOR FLAG D I S P LAY S t. Paul Public Sch o o l Children ;V IRS. JOH N LEE, DI RECTOR SONG A C COM P A N I M E N T Minneap olis High Sch ool Glee Clubs PROF. T. P. G I DDINGS, DIR ECTOR PR ESI DENTI A L SESSI ON Two - Th i rty O ' Clocle H O N . H E NRI K S H I P STEAD, C H A I RM A N " HA I L TO T H E C H I E F" The United Sta tes JYi arine Band CAPT. W I LLI A :\1 H . SANTEL M A N N , D I R ECTOR I NVOCATION R ev. B. E. Bergesen C H A I R M A N PROGRAM CO M M ITTEE I NTRODUCTION OF T H E P R E S I DENT STA R SPA N G L E D B A N N E R G overn or Theo. Chris tianson Led by Luther Co llege Concert Band THE A D D RESS B Y T H E P R E S I DENT O F T H E UNITED STATES O F A M E R I C A CA LVIN COOLIDGE AM E R I CA Led by St. Olaf Co llege Band R E S PONSE ON B E HALF OF T H E N O R S E A M E R I CAN C E NT E N N I A L Prof. Gis le Bo thne P R E S I D E N T BOARD O F D I R ECTORS M usic The United Sta tes Marine Band CAPT. W I LLI A lV I H. SANTE L M A N N , DIRECTOR �. ,� G R E ETINGS FROM H. M. KING HAAKON t. TO P R E S IDENT C A L V I N COOLI DG E • f t1 VII - - - H. Bryn M I N I STER FRO :\1 NORWAY TO T H E U N I TED STATES G R E ETI NGS F ROM T H E DO M I N ION OF CANA DA - Hon. Tho mas H. Johnson REPRESENTING T H E GOVERN ER GEN ERAL, LORD BYNG ADDRESS Hon. Franle B. Kellogg SECRETARY OF STATE R ES P ONSE ON B E HA L F OF A M E R I C A N C ITIZ E N S OF N O R S E D ESCENT Hon. Pe ter N orbech U N ITED STATES S E NA TO R Hon. J. A. 0. Preus C LOSING R E MA R K S FORMER GOVERNOR OF M I N N ESOTA S t. Olaf College Band J . A RNDT BERGH, CONDUCTOR TH E SERVICES O F TH E MARI N E BAND H AV E B E E N PROC U RED T H RO U GH TH E COU RTESY OF T H E NORTH W E ST I N D U ST R I A L EXPOSITION [ 77 ] �mr NORSE-AMERICAN CENTENNIAL General Organi zation J. A. HOLVI K, Secretary, Moorhead, Minn. G1sLE BoTHNE, President, M i n neapolis TRYGVE OAS, Treasurer, M inneapolis N. T. MOEN, 1st Vice-President, Fergus Falls, M inn. A. UELA ND, Counsel, Min neapolis A. C. F'LOAN, 2nd Vice-President, St. Paul S. H. H OLSTAD, Managing Director, Minneapolis AURA BRATACER, Se ., M inneapolis MANDA A DERSO , ed Wing, Minn. · EORGI NA LOMME oorhead, Minn. COl\tlMITTEE B. E. BERGE E , Che rman, M in neapolis H. ASKELA ND, Secret ry, Mi nqeapolis CARL D. KoLSET, Sa born, M i11n. 0. H. Su:TTEN, Mi neapolis H. K. 1ADSEN, Mi eapolis c�mI OLSON, Chi , Montana A1.n1,1 A. Gn Alaska J UDGE . J. Lo 0. M OLESON, Ft. Dodge, Iowa PnoF. J ULIUS E. OLSON, Madison, Wis. REV. } ENS C. RosELA 1, Philadelphia, Pa. Mn. ARS RUSTAD, orge, Va. R Ev. . A. STROM, Cleveland, Ohio RF�V. RTHUH ToLO, De�iver, Colo. Mn. J OR WINGER, l n tlia napolis, Ind. M. H1 LEMO, Ironwood, Michigan G. A. K J OS NESS, Spokape, Wash. HA WK! ' MELGAARD, Moscow, I daho HANS UsrnuD, Baltic, S. Dak. JoHN J. LEE, Bismarck, N. Dak. FRED • ER ER, Brooklyn, . Y . C . T S E , Clifton, Texas F. E NGEBRETSEN, Portland, Ore. OLE ULBRANDSON, Salt Lake City, Utah ITTEE J os. G. ORBY, Chairman, NJ: inneapo lis 0 CAR J. THORPE Minneapolis 0. I. H ERTSCAARD,/ Min neapo is COM MITTEE O F I N A CE E. G. QUAMME, hairman, S . Paul L. W. GORDER, lfice-Chairm n, Min neapol is PUB I C ITY COM MITTEE 0 CAR AR NESON, Chairman, St. Paul GUSTAV B. WoL A , Director, St. Paul 0. p_ B. JACOBSON, Chainnan, Fergus Falls, Minn. H ERMA ' MuE ER, St. Paul LEE KUEMPLE, M inneapolis REV. M. E. W LDELA D, St. nsgar, Iowa ARTHUR L. J HNSTO , St. aul WOMEN'S AUXI LIARY STATE CHAIRMEN A LFRED E. D;A HL, Minneapoilis COM M I TT EE O ARNOLD C . 0 s , Chairman, Mns. f ARRY M. AYERS A n n iston, Ala. Mns. . J. LOMEN, orne, Alaska Mns. OH F. WEINMA ' , Lit t l e Rock, Ark. MRs. ' MELINE HovERSTA, Los Angeles, Calif. Mn . . STEINEC EH, Wash ington, D. C. Mns. LAF OTTO, avan nah, Ga. Do1n EA DAHL, Moscow, Id aho Dn. I CEBORG RASMUS EN, Chicago, Ill. Miss LARA MIN E, South Bend, I nd. Mns. G1;;o. GRANSETH, Bode, la. DR. J DITH JACOBS, Emporia, Kans. Mns. lc NATJUS BJ ORLIE, Frederick, Md. MRS. B. GULMYDEN, Mal tapan, Mass. MRs. • . B. URST , Suttons Bay, M ich. Mns. ABEL JOH so' LELA D, Kenyon, Minn. Mns. . L. MonDT, Jackson, 1iss. Mn . Ip_ L. STAVSETH, t. Louis, Mo. Mns. 0. M. GRIM B , Missoula, Mont. Mns. 1-{. E. ULVILDEN, Omaha, eh. Mns. . R. TETLTE, irginia City, ev. Mns. · NNA B. LARS ', Bergen, N . J . M n . . M . K NfIT .o ' , Albuquerque, . Mex. F1rn j;UDRUN tocn1, Dn 1:;w E , Larchmont, . Y. Miss \BmcIT LUND, aast:on, . C. KATI E N . K J ORLI E, Flargo. N. Oak. Miss �AGNHI LD KORJl,N, Cleveland, Ohio MRs. EDITH CHAll LS'rO , Port l and, Oregon Mil . . E. GREFTH FN, Providence, R. I. M11s. C C. BllATR UD Siou x Falls, S. Dak. MRS. T . M. BAKK • , Deer Lodge, Tenn. MRs. E. J . TORVIE, lectra, Tex. Miss J HAN A MoE ', Logan, Utah IRE E .£Lu 'GSON, R ndolph, Vt. Mns. '.I;. ESTE, Spo ane, Wash. Mn . ALFRED 0. AN rnso , Wheel ing, W. Va. Mns. G USTAV KrnLA D, 1ad ison, Wis. Mils. Loms LARSON, St. A ugusti ne, Florida Mns. G. HowARD M SEY, Evanston, Wyo. ATHLETI C S inneapol is K UT GJ ER ET, Chairman, ecorah, Iowa RLIE, Decorah, Iowa OLAF M. T HEODORE . BLEGEN, St. Paul C. 0. TEISB ,nc. Minneapo l i DR. INCEBO G RAS MUSSE ' M1 s E LIS PAU LI NE FARS • TH, Chairman, Minne.a olis MRs. J . E. HAUGEN, Vice- un., M in neapolis MRs. WIL I A M 0. STORLIE, Sec., Minneapolis MRs. 1A LEY FosSEE , inneapolis MRs. G1L ERT G TTERSEN, St. Paul Mns. RECEPTIO Mn . Gr LE BOTH 'E, Ch irman, Minneapolis Mns. J. OMMITTEE O CO CESSIONS . LEE, Chairman, St. Paul COMMITTEE ON EX H IB ITS Miss Hi RBORC REQUE, C airm an, M i nneapol is Mns. B lTHA DAHL LAW Vice-Chairman, A ppl on, 1inn. PROGRAM OM 1 ITTEE C. FLOA , Chain, an, St. Paul OFTEDAL, ice-Chairman, [78] �Early in the mo rni ng , th e Pre s i dent rec eived the O ffi c ial Guest s f rom No rway , at th e home of th e S e cr etary of S t at e � 1 � . Kellogg . The gu e s t s were in trodu c ed by t);le Hon . H . H . Bryn , Mini st er from Norway t o th e Uni t ed S t a.t'es .. -----1J �·� ¼.(� The Pre s i dent , ac c ompani ed by ...Ir . & Mr s . Kel l og , the Governo r o f Minne s o t a , Wm . Theo do r e Chri st i ans en , an d the 1Jayo rs of' Jinn ea:p o li s an d S t . Paul > :Me s srs . Geo rge E . Leach and Arthur Ne lson left S t . Pau l at eleven o ' cl oc k for the Ni co l 1 e t Ho t e l , 1Iinneap o l i s , wh ere a. luncheo n was gi v en i n hi s honor by the Hoc:.rd of Di r e c t o rs o f th e � o rs e -Ame ri can C ent ennial . From the Kel l ogg home to the Ni c ol l e t Ho t e l i s app r oximat e ly e i gh t mil es . di s t anc e were thro ng e d . The s t r e e t s fo r the enti r e S cho ol chi l dr en had b e en mob i l i zed fo r the o c c asi on � and all along the rout e li tt l e chi ldr en , ac c ompani ed by thei r part en t s ,. ho l di ng Ame ri c�.n f lags and che eri ng lus t i ly , lined the way . C overs had b e en l a i d f or a.bout one hundr ed e,nd fi f ty , inc ludi ng the rep r e s entatives from No rway , Goy e rno r s of Nor s e des c e nt , Memb er s of C ongr e s s an d o ther off i c i al vi s i t o rs . The re were no sp e eches . The f o l l ov1i ng i s a fac - s imi le of the I nvi tati on e.nd front page of llenu Card us ed i n conn ec t i on w ith affai r .. ___.-:-----­ Immedi at e ly aft e r lunch eon , the gue s t s were taken by aut omobi l es to the S ta t e Fai r Gr ounds " whe r e the C en t e nni e.l S es s i o ns were h el d . I t i s no t an exaggerati on to s ta t e that nearly 1 0 0 . 000 p eople were on hand to gr e e t th e Pr e si den t . Bands played and hundr eds o f S t . Paul scho o l chi l dr en fo rme d 84 . �a living f lag , f irs t of B orway , a.s a tribu t e to that country, 85 and then of the Uni ted Stat e s , the home of so many desc endant s of th e Nor s emen . The Pres ident ' s honor guard was made up of Civil War Vet erans of Nor s e blood, who i in s.pi t e of th eir ycar :s � . . (/ • � p� att ended their duties with unusual vigor and enthus iasm . Af t er preliminarie s of r, fus ic , flag display and s ong accompanimen t, th e Pres ident, accompanied by the Official Gu es ts , arriv ed on the grounds , and ent ered the sp eakers ' s t and , while th e Uni t ed Stat es Marine Band play e d th e famous " Hail to the Chief" . Rev . B . E . B erges en , Aft er a short invocation by Governor Chris t ianson introduce the Pre sident . THRONG ;gosE VII TH GREAT c:EEER • 11 The p eop1 e of Minnesot a" , Gov ernor Chri s t ianson said , " Believe in Calvin Coolidg e ." He had int ended to s ay more t but the s e words brought the tremendous as s emblage to it s f e et . For s everal minut es the throng in the gre.ndstands, PeiliiiliiM!l-41't) and the crowds who s tood in the field surrounding the plat form, ch e ered despit e the fact that threat ening clouds hov ered about them, that the wind was blowing a gale and the thermomet er, which for days had s oare d ab ove the ninet i e s , had dropp ed to sixty -two degrees .. The demons tration of enthusiasm and th e approaching storm con­ t en t e d the Gov ernor , who cu t short his addres s to let the President sp eak . Vlhen th e Pre sident b egan to sp e ak , th e rain was being drive n by th e wind into the . face s of the p eopl e , but neither driving rain nor the thre at ened fury of a s erious s t orm , could discourage the thousands who had come to hear the th. - n ali;,L.. -. �86 . any w e r e no t to b e di sappo i nt e d . el dom , i f ever , has group e of p eo pl e re c eived such who l ehe art ed a nd unr e s e rv e d ac ciaim as di d Nors emen tha t day f rom the Pre si dent of th e Uni ted S t a t e s . { l I Coolidge P raises Enduring Courage and High Character of Norse Called Safeguard of Institutions W\ I Northm en Thrifty and Hard Workers, Backers of Political and Econom ic Indepen dence, President Tells Centennial Throng. � ,,. r President Coolidge, In his address at the Norwegian Centennial celebra,. ' tlon at the State Fair grounds today, $poke as follows: 1· l How often in the affairs of this world't1-------­ a small and apparently insignificant oc)•niversary of Notable currence turns out to be an event or 1 -,vents in U. S. History great importance, carrying in Its trliin • This celebration is most happily a mighty influence for good or evil. identified with the present year, which fJ,Jch importance always flows from the 1s an anniversary of notable events character of those concerned. The gen­ in the history of our country. We are erations of the earth treasure the rude rounding out a cerntury and a. half hut that sheltered the infancy of Ab­ from the beginning of the American raham Lincoln, seek out the birth­ Revolution. It was a half a century place of Shakespes rc, and give to the from the days of Concord and Lexing­ uninviting soil of Palestine the title of ton to the beginning of that stream the Holy Land , all because certain ob• of. Immigration from Norway which ecure happenings in those places pro­ ducecl those who left a broad mark up­ was to help guarantee that the spirit of on the. future course ot ;.i... anity. freedom which had been so triumphant The character of the participants in the colonies should not be lost to brought future fame. It is such an the states. event that we meet to commemorate When ·we consider the astonishing today. One hundred years ago a little number of immigrants which the Scan­ bark sailed from Norway to America. dinavian countries have contributed in It was almost unnoticed at the time, J)roportion to their own population to save for the daring an hardihood of making the body of American citize1tits navigators, but it brought with it 1>hl::>, we will appr.:lciate the signifi­ the representatives of a stalwart race, cance of this anniversary. It well de­ men and women of fixed determination, serves the consideration It ls receiving enduring courage and high character, here in this state which has so richly who were to draw in their retinue a profited by a larger proportion of this Jong line of their fellow countrymen north-of-Europe Immigration than any destined to change the face of an are,1 other commonwealth. Minnesota would broad as an empire, <lh·ect the historic not be Minnesota, the group of im­ course of sovereign states, and con­ perlal north western states would not tribute. to the salvation of a great na­ be what they are, but for the contri­ tion. These mighty works have been bution that has been made to them wrought because those Norwegian im­ by the Scandinavian countries. migrants were well worthy to follow in the wake of the pilgrim and the cavalier. Because of a profound apprec at on f that contribution and of its truly r �at!oTlal value T 11ave found it an j e pecial pleasure to come here and orn in this commemoration. In the midat of loyalties that are all beyond_ posSl­ b1!1ty of question, it may be dltt1cult to choose • among the many national and racial groups that have sought o� t America for their home and their country. we are thankful for all or them and yet more thankful that the expe1'.iment ,of their co�mon citlzen1>hip has been so magmflcently justi­ fied in its results. If one were seek• ing proo! of a basic brotherhood among all races o! men, if one were to chal­ lenge the riddle of Babel in support o! aspirations for a unity capable of as• 1>urlng peace to the nations, In su� � an i nquiry I suppose no better tes,1• many could be taken than the exper­ ience of this country. Out . of the con­ fusion of tongues, the conflict ?! tradi­ tions the variations of historical set­ ting, , the vast difference in talents a? d tastes there has been evolved a spirit­ ual union accompanied by a range f capacity and genius which marks th�s nation !or a pre- eminent destiny. The American people have commanded the respect of the world. It is a good thing that ann�ver• sanes· such as this are so widely commemorated. The next few years w ill be filled with a continuing suc­ c<l6sion of similar occasions. I wish that every one of them might be so imp: -�ively celebrated that all ."l.mericans would he moved to study the '•i' tory which each one repre• sent&; I can think of no et!. � t t� at would proc �e so m::�h _msp!rat,on to '1 igh and intelligent patr,otlsm. Occa,sions of this nature bring to out" attention whole regions of the past that would oth :�·wlse remain unexplored, tend to be forg�tten even 1>: · scholars, and pass en .. rt; lf from the public mind. These m· •entlves to a>ecial examination of particular historica: phases teach us better to understand our cout1try and our country.nen. Anyone who �._ , ill study the Institutions and peo­ ple of America will come more and 1_:0:-� to admire them. �• One reason that moved me to accept th , cordial invitations to come here t. 1ay was the ho11e of directln::: some measure of national attention to the absm bingly in�erestlng s,,iJect of the 11oclal backgrov� of our &untry. The making of such a country is not to be told In 1.ny mere L&'.:cgory of dates, battles, political evolutions, and parti­ san controversies. Back of all these, which are 100 often the chief material of history, lies the human story of the trns:··· : millions of plain people whose nam 3 are strangers �o :.ublic p'.ace and fame. - .dr lives have been replete with quiet, u n· - �e1 '.i ous, modest but none the less heroic virtues. From the. has been comlJ' �d th , sum of that magnificent and � ondrous adven­ ture, the making of out· own Amuica. Somewhere in the epic o! struggle to subjugat a continent there will be found a : h::..,sophy of h111man relations that ' · .e world will r reatly prize. If we could seize and fl:� it, if we could turn it over, examine and understand it, we ·: , uld ha.ve take,1 a long step toward solvlng �ome o! the hardest pr9ble1ps of mankind. many ways their influence upon nortli­ ern and western Europe may be com• pared to that of the Greek states upon the civilization of -the Mediterranean. They were the first deepsea navigators. They pioneered the migrations which boldly struck :..cross the western waters. They were at once the terrors of the western Roman empire and the guard­ ians of the eastern. The medieval Med­ iterranean was a happy hunting ground for them. They branded their name upon French :Normandy, and foom it· de3cended upon Britain In the Norman conquest from which there was the be­ ginning of modern English history. But even before William of Normandy had conquered at Hastings, Leif the son of Erik, near 500 years before Columbu,s, appears to have found the new world . 1 Indcec , there seems little doubt that several centuries before Columbus saw the light of day there was born upon American soil, of Norse parents, a boy who afterward became so great a math• ematician and astronomer that his studies may have contributed much to the fund of knowledge which hell?ed Co­ lumbus formulate his vision of the world as we know It. �MERICA HAS PROVED ITS 'l:'RULY NATIONAL UNITY SONS OF THOR AND ODIN CALLED PRINCES OF ADVENTURE It is not so many years since visitors from other quarters of the world were wont to contemplate our conco .1rse of races, origins and interests and shake their heads ominously. They feared t: ...t from st.::h a melting .t of diverse elements we could never draw the test- ' ed, tempered metal that is the only substance for 1ational character. Bven among ourselves were many who lis­ tened with serious concern to such forebodings. T,,:?y '\\ E.re : flt quite sure whether we had created a nation with the 99u1 of a nation. They wondered if perhaps we ·ha'.'d merely-brought to­ gether a large number of people in a large place. Had these misgivings been justified wt- ·1 the hour of tri· • came, it w .uld have meant disaster to us and to the world. But instead of crumbling into .. • chaos of discordant elements, Amer:ca proved its truly national unity. It demonstrated conclusively that there is a spiritual quality shared by all races and condltk· ; of men w· :-:h is their universal heritage and common nature. l Powerful enough to h&ld this peop e to a 'high Ideal in tin1e of SU• 0 preme tl'ial, why may we not hope that the same influence will at length reach men and women whc1·­ ever they are found on earth? If fratemity and co-operation are pos­ sible on the scale of this continent among people so wi<lely diverse, why not on the scale of a world'? It is not a new thought, but it is a pro­ foundly engaging one. I firmly be­ lieve it is more than a chimera. I feel it is possible of realization. I am convinced that our national story might somewhat help to guide mankind toward such a goal. 'f here­ fore, I urge the deeply thoughtful study and teaching o� our history. No country has a history which starts with its discovery or at its boundaries. For the real beginnings of any people r we must go back to the beginnings of all peoples. From the tombs of Egypt and the sands of Mesopotamia men are now unearthing the records of civiliza­ tions so ancient that by comparison we think of the recovered wonders of Car­ thage as almost modern. But all that we shall learn from the glyphs of Ur, the <tomos of the Pharaohs, and the monuments of Crete and Carthage is part of our own his,tory, illuminatir,n for our todays, gui.d®osts on the way to out· tomorrows. All · the past llve·s in the present. All the works and thoughts of •those who have gone· before have left their mark on what we think and do. These Norsemen, whose beginnings In the United Statc·s we here celebrate, have exercised a great influence upon our r.. odern history and western civilization which it is difflcul-t to match among any other like number of people. In I / Among the fascinating chapters in , the history of t:he dark ages iJ the story • of Iceland. As a little Norse republic it , maintained itself for several centuries as one of the real repositories of ancient culture in a world whose lamp of learn­ ing seemed near to flickering out. We have long known of the noble Icelandic I literature which was produced during those generations of the Intellectual twilight; but we know too little of the part which Iceland performed as an out­ post of the sturdy northern culture in bridging over the gulf of darkness be­ tween the ancient and modern eras of history. These son� of 'l'hor and Odin aml tbe great free North shape them­ selves in the mind's eye as very princes of high and hardy a<lven­ ture. Jl'rom Norway to Icelan:I, from Iceland to Greenland, from Green• land to the mainland, step by step they wo1·l,ed their· way across the north Atlantic. They found the western ocean, and it was a Norse­ man who first discovered Bering strait and demonstrated that there was no land connection between Asia and North America. One won• ders whither these Northmen would turn for adventm·e if the earth should ever be so completely charted that exploration offe1·ed 110 more challenges. \Vithin a very few years one· of them first trav­ ersed the 1101·thwest passages from Atlantic to Pacific; ancl the same one, Amundseii, carried the Hag of Norway t() the South pole; and now, witliin a few days past, he has been the first to inake large ex• plorations in ti.le i·egion of the North pole in an airplane, tempt­ ing a fate which still is unknown. One likes to linger over these tales of adventure a n d exploration. One of them has a special significance in con­ nection with this celebration which entitles it to more particular reference. This, of course, is the voyage of the l it tie sloop Restaurationen, which in 1825 brought the first organized part:v of Norwegian immigrants to this coun­ try. One reared on the New England tradition. of the Mayflower will find all \he materiai•3 for a new legend of pio1,eering in the voyage of the Restaura­ tioneu. It was a sloop of 45 tons, VI hereas the Mayflower was rated a'! 18C tons. The Restaurationen sailed from Stavanger, Norway, on July •I, 1 825, with a desperately heavy cargo of. iron and a ra1·ty of 52 people . . I: came safely into the port of New York after a voyage of 14 weeks, which compares with 9 weeks required for the historic passage of t h e Mayflower. The arrival of the Res taurationen reated a sensatio f the sea. It wasn amo ng those inurert , l,iim ed tha t it was t �e sma llest vess el that had eve r mnrte the tran s-A tlan tic crossing Th Ne Yor1c �1:t hor ities threaten ed to a:n �; the pr1v 1 leges of the por . t on Y nu '. that lt carri'-'d too many pass th e gi ou engers and too muc h cargo. It was ultim atel y releas ed, app aren tly thro ugh the influ ­ enc_e of the Soci ety of of its pas seng ers seem edFriends Mos · to ha� e bee� rr.embers of a Norwegian religious corr.• n:unity intimately related to the Qua­ kers, and it appears that one of their i reasons for coming to this country was tr.at they had not enjoyed entire liberty ,,f religious L pinion at home. Thus U,,i 11 parallel between the voyages of tha Mayflower and of the Restaurationeu, 1 . despite that they were separated J:,y : more than 200 years, ls impressive in several ways. j I ESTABLISH FIRST NORSE I SETTLEMENT IN NEW YORI{ Almost without money or supplies, \ the little company of Immigrants were taken In charge of the New York Qua­ k ers who :·aised funds to send them t :> Kendall, Orleans county, N. Y . There they secured lands and established th'} first Nofweg-ian settlement in this coun­ try. It is a curious circumstance that. c!lthough th� Norwegians are among the greatesr, seafaring peoples, thi:i i;arty was composed almost entirely of farmers, so that their first interest was to get land. And ever tiince, the greater share of Norwegians have come in search of homes on the land. ThP.:lC :irst immigrants having practically n:) money, bought a tract on the shore of Lake Ontario ·for $5 an acre to be paid for in 10 annual installments. It is hard to realize that western New York • so late,fl,-'> 1825 was so far on the fron..­ ticr. 'rhf'h· l:i.nd w.;,.s heavily thnherc,!, , ,.l\d they ,vere compellecl not only to clear it hut to build their own shelter. The first house Is said to have been : a log cabin 12 feet square, with a garl ret. In th·: s 24 of them lived for a , time, the men seeking such scanty employment as was to be found in the neighborhood to support them thropgh . the win ter. The only one in the 11arLy ' who could i,r.eak English was Capta i 'l Lars Olson and he had remained Jn New York. I Despite poverty and hardships, the colony tlu-iyed, and its mem­ bers shol·tly were writing letters baclc to Norway describing the op­ portunities of America and urg­ ing friends to come. From this be­ ginning the stream of Norwegian immigration set in, but most of the later comers went much farther west. A few years after the settle­ ment at J{endall another party went to La Salle county, Ill. Al• ready the west wlts fascinatin� them and many of the original Hendall c-olony sold out and went on t.o Illinois. Thence the migra ­ tion spread to other statc-s of the middle west and northwest. Even before it waic; formt>d into a teITi­ t.ory, Iowa had received its first Norwegians, and from about 1835 they spr<>ad rapidly into \Viscon­ sin, Minnesota, the Dakotas, and othor states. It is hot possible, as it is certainly not needful on this occasion, even to summarize the story bf Norwegian im· migration. Dut it should be explained that while the settlement o f 1825 in Orleans county, New York, was the first Norwegian settlement and represented the first organized immigration, these pioneers ot the IReetaurationen were not the first Norwegians to come here. Cori1:1lderable numbers had come even before the Revolutionary war and some as -far back as the earliest colonial years. There were Norwegians In both army and navy during the Re_v olutlon �ar . But the tact :e. mains that the grei,.t mc:>v� �Jiteb , es�h�d �wgi!lg �D • � mr�r--•t no?7vesf. iufd � ufed so greatly to the bulldlng of that part of the country began with the voyage off the Restaurationen. It is said that Norwegians and their descendants m this country are now just about as nu­ merous as the populat ion or Norway itself. Norway is credited with furnish­ ing a larger number of settlers to the United States in proporti on to its pop­ ulation than a ny other Europea n coun­ try except one. NORSE SETTLERS CHOOSE NORTH STATES FOR HOn-IES It ls frequent ly noted regardin g imml­ _ ., grat10n that the newcom ers from Europe common ly sought climatic condi­ I tions here like those in which they had been raised. So the Scandinavians are found chiefly in the norther n parts of 1 this country . About 80 per cent of I the populati on of Norway is agricul­ tural, the remaind er maritim e and m­ dustrlal . These proport ions are close­ ly carried out In the occupa tional dis­ tributio n here. A great majori:y sought the land, but considerable num­ bers have always followed the sea. S �me of the coi�c!de nces in connect ion with this m igratlon are oddl y interest­ ing. Thus we have noted that the lit­ tle sloop Restaurationen brought a car• go of iron ; today Minnes ota has more Norwegians and produces more irdn ore � han any other state, Again, Norway 1s a land of wonderful fresh-water lakes, and it j.5 closely matched by Min• nesota. There ls one phase in the story of immigr�tion ;,vhich seems always to chara ctenze 1t. Once the tide had set In ! from a particu lar Europe an country , the J. b enmovem ent thereafter has invariably encouraged b y the early comer;;. : Not only did they urge relatives anrl I in , the old home o come, but 1, friends they devoted their new-fo und prosper i­ Y to help them. On this subject there � l 1H an opportunity for some useful· his­ ! torical resear ch. In the pre-Re volu­ / t1onary days immigration to America • ! seems to have been encouraged from • the other side, partly from political and • partly from busine ss motive s. The colonizing countries of E u ­ rope competed to control the b�st par�s o� the 1�ew world by occupy­ �� !! 1t with then· colonies. Immig ra\ um was encouraged both by the governments and by compa1. • ·s of mc�h ant adven turers. At that s ta.ge of �he movement, of ,: m·sc, • thv colom r::; possessed no wealth to help their friend s to come. But after the Revolution the situatio n greatly changed. New politic al conditi?ns made this country more attract1ye tlrn.H er before, ancl tlevelo; �n:: wealth ancl opportunity emphas1zc1l its invitation. So we f!1ul t he people of om· republic de­ J1b�rately and conscbusly encour ­ aging the movement in t.his direc ­ tion. The1·e i s opportunity for a much more 1letailed e:xamination of these fact-Ors in the Euro· :in mi• gm�: ' than his yet been uudet·­ ! aken. . It woulll be a profoundly 1 1tere�tmg contribution to the story of tlu s greatest of all migrat ions that human ity has ever accomplish­ ed if we could !<now more of the pre,_·'so motives which hr.ve anima t. ed 1t. The 0 . of this COUil try to .fir · ,:� . ••COJ.1m: _tributi · :;-ration or the last cen­ tury and a third has certain br run into hundreds of millions of d.:>llars, per­ hap s into bi!l,,.,ns. It has had a pro­ . �oun d social Influen ce, both here and in Europ e. Its econom ic conseq uences could hardly be overestimated. A de­ �ailed in . u· y into these facts should mcludc a close conside ration of all the gre� • migrati ons which have marked the dis'.:·ibu titon of men throug hout the world. Man �eems to :1a bef' , from his beginn ings the most migrat ory of animals . His earller . . ovemen ts appear '.o ha re had their chlet motive in ad- venture and the Mi;ire to find the re­ gions where existence was most com­ fortable. There coi.;ld hardly have been a very i;erlous pressure of poi;ulation, for it is only In recent historic times that this factor hns existed. Some very early migri.. '.ions were doubtless due t J climatic or other physical conditions. Later on, political, social, re!ig·ious, and economic reasons c .. .ised the move­ ment�. Some we.i� forth to make con­ quests, others were driven out by con­ que,:' The childr . of Israel m igrated into E& )t to . sc�r.3 from faminJ. They left Egypt to escape from b,,ndage and to recover th ir re!lgious liberty. The old Romans and Phoenicians were great colonizers, the Romans from imperial­ istic motives and the Phoenicians from clesi:. • to extend their trade. The Euro­ pean migration to the Arner:, �n conti­ nent represented in its va1·ious phases a l l the causes th?.t have operated through the ages t., bring about such shifts of populaticn. In the beginning the, ,,.is chiefly the motive of explora­ tion and adventure. Later came the desire to be freed from oner" JS clerical or political restridions. Tl,en, wi the realization of Am erica's e:i. o nous re• sources, there was the wish to share in its dev . loping riches. Only in the later stages of. the movement did the people of this country reach their hand of wl.l! 'ome to take friends across th� Atlantitc, both •\li:glng and assisting them to come. ENGAGED IN CONQUES'.l' \�lTHOUT INVASION, FORCE Though I make no pretense to deep studies in the subject, yet I have been impressed that in this la,st regard the shift of Old World J)€oples to this side of the Atlantic was perhaps unique. From the time when their fast develop• ing Institutions of popular government, religious freedom, and intellectual liber­ ality had begun to take definite and a,t• tractive forms, the people of the colo­ nie·s took a new Interest in inducing their European relatives to follow them thither. They engaged in an inverted c rusade, a c onquest without invasion and without force, The new country offered not only material opportunities, but possibilities of a spiritual and intel­ lectual emancipation which they ard­ ently wished their friends on the other side to share. Citizenshil) in the new world me,a;it ,something that it had not meant in the old. Jt was seen that the new world offere:l something new. There was increa.<ing realization that many burdensome iruditions and insti­ tutions haQ somehow been shed. Here at last the indlviduill was lord of him­ self, master of his own destiny, keeper of his own sovereignty. Here he was free. With the 18th ceri, tury's epoch of in• tellectual liberalia;m there came yet more sharp realization that the new countr:9 was not bound ,to ancient manners and prejudices, and that therefore It offered to t he common man a better chance. Here he might i'Qalize that ideal of equality which by tjiis time wa':l so gen­ erally finding a 10,'g:rnent in European mihds. Thki spiritual evolution moved rather slowly in the first two-thirds of the 13th century. The Seven Years' war, or as we commonly call it, the French and Indian war, was for the colonies a • period of r::pid a.wakening and realiza• tion. They began to find themselves, to formulate more definite aspirations f�­ their future. But it does not appear that this new conc,.ption of American destiny began in aT!-y _important way to i::Teohllc!•etri�fi' 't1'11tl1 'ttre Rcvo-ht tion, independence and -the establish­ ment of the federal government forced it upon the old countries. 0 Then a new ea egan o fix it­ self in the European mind. The new country was seen as an essentially vitally, basica.Jly different conception of human relationship. It appeared not merely as a new country, but as a ditrerent kind of country. It was considered noi only different from Europe, but different from any ear• lier social creations. The European peoples had been greatly stirred by the intellectual awakening of the 18th century and the liberals among them had been deeply disappointed at the seeming meager results which accrued from it. ·we may well won­ der wha.t would have been the fate of Europ'e after 1815, U the liberal­ ism of both England and the conti­ nent had settled down to disappoint• ment and cynicism .. • We cannot doubt that during this period, say from 1815 to 1848, the beacon which they saw had been lighted over the western Atlantic was a lamp to the feet and a hope to the hearts of lib• erals throughout Europe. Within this period immigration from the north and west of Europe was not only rapidly building this country Into numbers, wealth, and authority in the world, but it was having a tremendous reflex upon Europe Itself. But !or American example and influence the • democratic movements of 1832 and 1848 in Europe might have been long post­ poned. The broadly democratic evolu­ tion which swayed Europe so greatly in the latter half of the nineteenth century might have failed entirely. In the period we have been discuss­ ing nearly all the immigration to the United States was from northern nntl western Europe. Through its reactions upon Europe it gave constant encour, agement there to liberal thought and action. In this country, by gradually giving the north a great preponder. ance in numbers, It hastened the down­ fall of slavery and helped rid our insti­ tions of that great and threatening anomaly. These Northmen, one of whose anni­ versaries we are celebrating today, have from their first appearance on the margin of history been the children of freedom. Native to a rigorous cli­ mate and a none too productive soil, they had learned the necessity for hard work and careful management. They were moved by that inspiration for a free holding in the land which has al· ways marked peoples in whom the dem­ ocratic ideal fas pressing for recogni­ tion. Eager for both political and eco­ nomic Independence, they realized the necessity for popular education, and so have always been among the most de­ voted supporters of public schools. Thousands of them volunteered in the service of the country during the Ci?i! and Spanish wars, and tens of tho u­ sands in the ·world war. The institu­ tions and the manners of democracy came naturally to them. Their glory Is all about you, their livinis and their mighty dead. They have given great soldiers, statesmen, scientists, educator.; and men of business to the upbuilding of their adopted country. They have been rapidly amal gamated into the body or citizenship, contribut ing to it many of its best and most characteristic ele­ ments. To their adaptability the nR­ tion owes much for its success in t.he enormous process of assimilation and spiritiual unification that has mRde our nation what it is and our people -what they are. Although I.his movement of people or­ iginated in Nurway, in its essence and ,its meaning it is particularly American. It has nothing about it of class or caste. It has no tinge of aristocracy. It was not produced througl. che lead.,,•. ship of some great figure. It is repre­ sented almost entirely by that stalwa,7t �strain who make the final decisions In this world, which we designate the 1 common people. It has about It the strength or tho home and the fireside; the family ties or the father and the mother, the children and the kindred. It has all been carried on very clos:J to the soil. it has all been extremely human. When I consider the marvel­ ous results it has accomplished I can not but believe that it was Inspired by a Higher Power. Here Is something vital, !lrm, and abiding, which I cau only describe as a great reality. An eno1·mous power has come to you, but you are charged with equally enormous responsibilities. Those responsibilities you have never failed to meet, that power you have never failed to sanctify. Therein lies the solo title to all the glo1·y you have achieved in the past and therein will lie the sole title to all the glory that you will achieve in the future. Believing that there resides in an enlightened people an all-compelling fore(' for righteousness, I haye every fahh that throui:;-h the vigorous JM?rfonn . , ance of your duties you \'fill aclc1 new luster to your glory in the days to come. Our America with all that it repre­ sents o! hope in the world Is now and will be what you make It. Its- institu• t!ons o f rel!gious liberty, o! ecluca• tional and economic opportunity, ol constitution::! rights, o! the Integrity of the law; a.re the most precious posses­ sions o! the human race. These do not emanate from the government. Their abiding place is with the people. They come from the consecration of thf\ father, the love o! the mother, and the aevotlon of the children. They are the product o f that honest, earnest, and tireless effort that goes into the rear­ Ing o! the family .altar and the ma::- ' ing of the l:ome o! our country. They can h ave no stronger supporters, no 1 more loyal defenders, than that great \)ody o! our citizenship which you rep1 .:sen t. When I look upon you and re­ alize what you are and what you have done, I know that in your hands our country ls secure. You have laid u p your treasure In what America repre­ sents, and there will your heart ht> 1 also. You have given your pledge to the Land of the Free. The pledge ;if the Norwegian people has never yet gone unredeemed. Tribute to Nelson President Cool1dge digressed from I h's i;pecch long enough " to pay a . tribute to the late Senator K.nute :Nelson of .Minnesota. ;;,.-�H'lel._ ·an •orth l'Ul"­ Prel'ldent �" rPfenerl t o f';i'n ­ ar or • ·e1s'on a .s t h e "Grand old man of Mlnnesot11 . " ' "t h e people of l\1i11neaota. • · '!will eyer t,,, proud to pay tri fl O emorr." 8. �90 lndeed , thos e v1ho had known S enator Nelson as a noble embodiment of all the best of Norwegian culture and character t vrhos e loyal devotion to the land of his adoption never was questioned i could not help but f e el that he too was a part of this gre at gathering . The/\ strength of his personality was evident, though his body had b e en lai d to rest. It i s ne edless to say that the President receiv ed tremendous applaus e t not only when he had finis hed sp eaking , . but time and again during the delivery of th e address. The President, the race tre,cJ.r. spoke from the j udges' stand across The stand vras e quipped wi th powerful ampli fiers which enabled him to be he ard everywhere in sp ite of rain and wind .. The voice of the �resident stirred the nation . p ap er of note comment ed on the C entennial editorially. the .N ew York pap ers : - � Jit of j t l./•,•� ulcl en gage j Pr'.� Bjd e n t or,. t b e ! I ;,un try." Ev ery Said �MR. COOLIDGE'S TRIBUTE TO THE NORSEMEN Mr. Coolidge's a.ddress at the Norwegian Cen• tennial Celebration yesterday holds little for those political strategists who read between the lines of every Presidential statement and find therein a message to the politicians. It is true that Mr. Coolidge pointed out that unlike races live at peace with one another in America, drew there­ from the lesson that a certain "spiritual quality" .is common to all men, and asked . hopefully the question, "If fraternity and co-operation are pos­ sible on the scale of this continent among people so widely diverse, why not on the scale of a world ?" Not even the mo.st ardent isolationist, however, will read in these sentences advocacy of a rworld state or threat ot' a supergovernment. Mr. Coolidge, at the Norse Centennial, was con: tent simrply to pay tr!Iuite to a race which 'has done much to consolidate a Western frontier. This migration of a. hardy, frugal people who live in a northern land of la.kb and iron to another northern land of lakes , and iron impressed the President as an epic story, and the motive power behind that migration interested him no less than its social eft'ects upon our national life. ' Why, asked Mr. Coolidge, should the Norsemen seek America in such numbers that to-day there are as ma.ny peQple of Norwegian stock 112 the United States as there are in Norway? The answer, Mr. Cooli dge thought, is that the Norseman loves lib­ erty, and "Here at last the indivi dual was lord of himself, master of his own destiny, keeper of his own sovereignty-here he was free." Probably something of that sort explains the Norse migration. Not in as complete degree as Mr. Coolidge pictures has the Norseman won his freedom-his freedom economically, pollticaily and socially-in this land of hls adoption. But one freedom a new land in. an old world has over­ whelmingly bestowed on him. Th•at is freedom from the dead. 'l'he Troy �R/co� In that A m erica which has developed out of many stocks and strains the Scandinavians have had a remark­ able par t . They have made marv­ e�ously loyal citizens-not forget­ � m gtheir ancient loyalty but merg­ rng it in a greater loyalty · that permits no bias and no reserv­ ation. It is because of this that the Pilgrims of the North, whose j centenary is now being celebrated, deserve the President's praise and all the proud enconi ums that are being pronounced upon· them this we� k by writers and orators from r Mame to California. THE NORSEMEN IN AMERICA In 1821 the Norwegian Clang Peerson landed r In America, and in 1825 the ship Restauratl onen initiated Norse imm igration in earnest. The cen• tenary, celebrated in the Northwest this week, deserves the national attention which Mr. Cool­ idge's presence will give it. When Fredrika Bre­ me•r v1sited the United States in 1850 she found l nearly 40,000 Norwegians al read y settled in Wisconsin alone. They were tne 'advance guard of an army which, with L.eif Ericsson's pioneering spirit, swept rapidly over th.e Minnesota and Dakota prairies. America now has a million and a quarter inhabitants of Norse blood ; and their contribution to our national character, traditions and achievement is out of all proportion to their numbers. They and their fellow-Scandinavians have largely made the Nortthwest what it is. The); may l ook around them in Minneapolis and reflect that this city of 400,000 p _?Pie was marked by a single t t) a fi �: 5 I; j cabin seventy-the years ago. They have t'u rned the cold northern plains into one of the most fer­ I tile farming regions of the globe. In politics thf)y I h a ve assumed I control of t heir section and left I their imprint on national affairs. Of the last n ine I Governors of Minnesota six. have been Scandi­ i navians. But for the untimely death of their great . 1 1i'beral lea· d er, John A. Johnson-like Knut Nelson, of Swedish blood-they might have given the coun• I try a President. Coming from •nations interested in experiment, they have taken naturally to co­ operation and equal suffrage-at times to the NonI Partisan League and the ideas espoused by Hen­ drik Shipstead and Magnus Johnson. Their cul­ tural interests, suppressed during their years of struggle with raw nature, have steadily grown In vigor. The Norse in particular do not forget that they come from the· land of Ibsen, Holberg, . Bjornson and- Grieg. Culturally, no stock has become more qui ckly . Americanized than the S-candinavians. They have , I entered the country to make homes, to l earn Eng­ , lish and to rear their children to be patriotic citi­ e zens; they m lglht easil y have formed impervious . foreign colon ies, but it was not -their nature. Jacob t Riis in "The Making o,f an American" caught the . . , spiri t of this adoptive loyalty. Yet it is not in­ � compatible with a sentiment of reverence and l ove 11 for the tradHions of the homeland. The Norse k feel that they have a great history, dating from 1_ the time of the vikings, and that the conquest, ot g s. the American Northwest is an inte ral part of it. ·e They may wel l be proud of their heritage and its �s , transplantation.---=·-------·--I f t 1 �The Norse Contribution President Coolidge's Minneapolis !!peech wa8 more than a surface tnotite to the qua.Hey of the Norse contribution to American development and • citizenship. It wis not only very efl'ective tn its historical presentation, but disclosed a fine sin­ cerity in its appreciation of an influence which has done much to shape American life, especially in the Northwestern states. The Norse n�tions have always b�en foremost , in pioneering exploration. They were the boldest of the navigators of the late Roman Empire era. They settled Iceland and crossed the Atlantic to Greenland • and Vinland. They were appar­ ently the first Europeans to reach the New World. They impressed their character and ad­ venturous spirit on southern Europe and live in its history as a race of conquerors and super­ men. • Their pioneering instinct fitted them eminent_ ly to play a helpful part in the building up of the United States. They took naturally to the fron­ tier life and in the nation's first century Amer­ ican development was intimately connected with the feverish push of the frontier toward the Pa­ cific. They came here to subdue the land and to • ' own it, just as the earlier English, Scotch and Irish immigrants did. Merely as settlers there 1 was thus a natural kinship between their ideas and those of the older Americans. They brought here a specific determination-to enjoy religious and political freedom, to till the soil, to create better conditions for their descendants. They may have expected much of America, but they had also much to give it, since it was to become for them in all senses their chosen country. There was another bond of sympathy between ·them and the people of the region in which they • settled. They cherished the ideals of freedom­ .of personal liberty, free speech and free labor. So, in the great struggle to abolish slavery and end its economic blight, they were absolutely at one with the free North. By contributing to the growth in population and wealth of the non-slave states and fortifying public sentiment against slavery the Norse inflow, as well as all the other inflow from Northern Europe, helped materially to rid us of the cramping and antiquated slave system. Our Norse immigrants, mostly farmers on the frontier fringe. were rooted individualists. They were the more easily Americanized since they fitted in with the life and notions of the West of their time. Nobody talked then of the "melting pot." It bubbled without being noticed or labeled. The modern problems of immigra­ tion had not intruded, the United States at that time having both the political and the eoonomic motive to encourage immigration as far aa it could. Excess alien population in cities and ex­ cess alien labor in industry were worries un­ known. The Norse inflow, moreover, has never raised wch problems. It has always held to the old lines--mainly to replenishment of the agricul­ tural population of the Northwest. Of the many accretions to its citizenship America can there­ fore set the Norse immigration apart as one of the most welcome and wholesome. Our Scan­ dinavians have made good citizens and sturdy patriots. Basic American notions and preposses­ sions were already in their blood. They. we.re in a way genuine post-colonial coloniala. On the hundredth anniversary of the sailing of the tiny ba.rk Restaurationen, carrying the first company of Norwegian immigrants to this country, it was fitting to recall what these Norsemen and those who were to follow have done for America 1n re­ turn for what America has done for them. The balance is equitable and honorable, representing fulfillment on both sides. "You have given your pledge to the Land of the Free,• Mr. Coolidge told the Americana of Nonvegia.n birth or descent whom h& addreNed yesterday. That pledge, kept, ia all that can be asked o:f any group of citizens, native or natu­ ralized. ��klgn &ii�-�- \ The Norse in America. Five centuries before Christopher Columbus set sail from Palos in his three l ittle boats, the ships of the Norsemen were coasting Iceland and i n the few hundred years that fol­ lowed they had landed a party on the shores of North America. Iceland they kept, but North America seemed too distant and empty of spoi l for the old sea chiefs whose migatory in­ stincts led them Southward, so the Norwegians did not come in large numbers to this land until about a century ago. Then, strange to say, it was not by the sea that they set­ tled, but in the Middle West. Min­ nesota, Michigan, these were the States in which they settled and farmed and cleared the wild. In Minneapolis yesterday began the celebration of the centenary of ' the second migration. It is a cele­ bration in which all Americans will join. The men and women of Nor­ way have contributed qualities of courage and strength to our Ameri­ They have made a can amalgam. wonderful land of the Lake State&. We rej oice to have them among us and of us, and hail as brethren under the Stars and Stripes the children ,,f Norway. �� T e Meanings of a Great Occasion President Coolidge may always be trusted to penetrate to the real significances of a great occasion. In hi s brief address of yes­ terday he seized upon and brought into sharp relief the deeper meanings �f the centenary which the Americans of Norse blood have been celebrating. What a tremendous sequel followed the daring voyage of that frail bark, the Res­ tauration, across the Atlantic with its fifty. two sturdy Norse adventurei·s! However ob­ scure and un important t heir landing in New York , after • a perilous passage of fourteen weeks, may have seemed, the results that flowed fro m it lifted the event into an his­ toric significance that is now seen in a clear light. Mr. CoQlidge did not fail to point out that the study of such events, stimulated by cen­ tena17 celebrations, lfurnishes valuable "in­ spiration to high and intelligent patriotism." The Restauration , thanks to the attention fo­ cused on it hy impressive observance of i ts centenary, now takes its place among his­ todc American symbols alongside the May­ flower of more than two hundred years be­ fore it. Who -can rightly estimate the great role in the making of America played by the Norse newcomers of the Restauration and those that have followed them in a steady stream ? '\\'ho can measure what they have done for America, or what America has done for them? And who can justly assess the reflex action on Europe of the triumphs such streams of newcomers have helped achieve in individual­ ism, in liberty, in democracy ? President Coolidge Is Impressed by these achievements of men of many and diverse national origins in America. He is impressed by the fact that out of all these clements has been molded "a nation with the soul of a nation" and not merely "a large number of people in a large place." Not unnaturally, contemplation of this eth­ nic mira-cle in America, moves the President to ask : "If fraternity and co-operation are possible on the scale of this Continent among people so widely diverse, why not on th� scale of a ·world ?" lt is an inspiring thought, inexact though the parallel may be. Surely t he exam ple of America, which has had such an intensive reflex effect on Europe, may well stimulate the peoples of the earth to seek the goal of lasting amity and co-operation. There are ob­ stacles in the path or this queet that have never existed in Amerlca-hinderments or ultra-nationalism, of ancient racial feuds, of economic rivalries, of land hunger not to be satisfied, of intolerances religious and social, and so on. The experiment In nation-making that has been so stril!'.lngly successful in· America, was made in a new land with none or few o! the Old World's inhibitions. When the task of bringing · all the peoples of the world togeth­ er into an endudng compact of friendship and co .operation is faced, the difficulties in­ volved seem fatally complex . and irremovable. Yet there is the dream , noble, radiant, utter­ ly desirable. America is fit to lead the way to its attainment by the power of example. Mr. Coolidge has made fine use of a great occasion to give this thought to the world, a seed though that may one day bloom into maturity and productiveness. -- - The Norse Centennial and President Coolidge we were greatly interested in the visit of the Pre� ident of the United States to participate in the c� ntenmal of Norwegian immigration celebrated recently m St. Paul, M inn. Mr. Coolidge is not merely from New Englan� . He was brought up in Vermont. And after you have s� 1d ''Vermont," say M innesota, then M innehaha, Laughmg Water. You might take a chance on l isping M inneapolis,­ unless you are in St. · Paul. We mention the names in order to contrast stern resistive yet dependable Vermont with coquettish, graceful, fallow Minnesota. We think then of Mr. Coolidge, the Puritan, addressing the Scandinavian. "It intrigues one." Of course, his visit was purely civic, and nothing was said or thought by him as to the religious views of his hosts. But if he was brought up on Puritanism, the Scan­ dinavians are Lutherans. If religion affected the early development of New England, it was likewise a partner with economic and civic forces in transforming the North­ west into States whose people are a virile and thoughtful group of Americans. The President came into contact with men and women who have pronounced views concerning the relationship of Church and State. They are exceedingly jealous of the rights of individuals, the rights of conscience and the limitations of legislation. They deem their i nterpretation of the American Constitution on such matters as the cor­ rect one. One is not overbold in asserting that they will contribute convictions concerning freedom and democracy that will Pnable their country nnd the commonwealths in which they live to solve correctly some pressing prob­ lems of this decade. �• «h.e lllinneabolis lnbtmt J.•'n1\A'U't.....1 :1...�rz The President to the No1'sernen. In his tri1utc to the sons and daughters of Norway who • have builded chm:•.acter and strength into the /iational organism which we call America, Presideut Coolidge cast his thought foto a mould large enough to discover to us how this nation came to"take on a 3oul and what kind of soul was created for it. No son or the Northland could have been more generous in . .aying what has been woven by Scandinavians into 0ur social, political and spiritual entity. In thi•s address the President revealed himself as - one who has unshakable faith in a sane and righteGus furthm· working out of the destinies of this country. The spirit of adventure, and the challenge of unknown ,langers, which first made men niigratory creatures­ :1otably t_h e men of Norway-gave way in time to r.obfot· motives for seeking new lands. These motives included the yearn for religious freedom, for intellectual emancipation, for individual liberty and for improved economic conditions. As the urge and spirit of democracy made their way :n this country the fact had a reflex influence on the older countries, impelling them to·.,ard the ideal of popular sovereignty. Meantitne, in this country, Pil­ ,;rim and Cavalier, -and later the Northmen, found and were moved by a common purpose of political and social 1.t!!ity, and a great natio� evolved out of, first, a wilder­ r,ess, and then a congeries of more or less closely related and sympathetic settlements:- • The human . contributicns of Norway and the other Scandinavian countr,ies played a telling part -in shaping United ·states history in the nineteenth century. It ,vas not 9ltogether the pressure of ecorio1nie circiim,- • -tanccs that divided the country for and against human bondage. Potent as a factor was the Northland ekmcnt; bringing its conceptions of individual liberty and becoming a part of our own north. The Norsemen belonged where they settled because climatic conditions were kindred to those to which they were inured at homd, but it was manifest that they also belonged there by the logic �f their thought processes. They believed in equality of opportunity in so far as it could be served ih imperfect human institutions. They believed that individualism should be allowed to express itself with­ out unnecessary hamperings. From the fact of an America achieving national unity out of many and diverse elements, President Coolioge J;akes hope that there is something of the kind in store l for the world. ''If fraternity and 'co-operation," he said, "are possi­ ble on the scale of this continent among people so widely diverse, why not on the scale of a world ? It is not a new thought, but it is a profoundly engaging one. I firmly believe it is. more than a chimera. I feel it is possible of realization. I am convinced that our national story might somewhat help to guide mankind toward such � goal. Therefoi.e I urge the deeply thoughtful study and teaching of our 'history." The America of today is essentially a product of the common people which tacitly agreed, long before it decreed, that there should here be recognized no class or caste, and no aristocracy save that founded on character. The home and the family were to be indis­ pensable basic institutions of civic life, and these insti­ tutions, plus a due appreciation of things of the spirit, were to give fiber and shape to the governmental 1tructure. President Coolidge addressed himself in particular to Norsemen, but he included the world in the purview �f his message. THE P R ESIDENT O N THE CE � TENNI AL. P rc� i,ien• r: n o l i d 6 r :n :1[5 � d d rc,s ':Jefcrc t h e �< u nvcg i a n 1..."ei.P e n n i a l cl8bratio�1 , ! h i ;. 1 [lern oon � in S1. Pa , 1 1 . ,1,.,rart;; 1 11 n ' a r!,ed dee: :· �,: ,rrim , h e l f tl< • I' of ll l l J l i s !J t'E· 10•.1 � pcech c:,, i l c p resents / I a nrw rau·t ur his r· l t ,: rac t " r a ;. d 0 n c· nnl. 1·et ;,; t 1 n 1 p��r1 liy t !w P''"Plr or t h e l\orl ltll'C>'t. I l e .r e- I 1 ,·ra ls a 111 a 1 1y-si dcd1:cs,; compn ra l; ! c to Lhat � n u n d i11 S,, muel Pem s, ll'llo, 111ell 1 o < l i<·al a n d exact i n IJ 11f; i ness, gi fted i 1 1 st al <'cra[t, c-., rcf u l and t h ri fty, successful in Lhe management a 11 d i m p roYeme11t (I [ I Ile B r i t ish na•; y dPpar( ntent, :;I ill found i me fo r phi losoph i z i ng all([ cc,11 l<,mpl a.t io11. The Prc�i dent has lieen c rr,d i tcd w i t h a h a rd and i)ri l liant l;us1nc.;s ar , , 1 , 1 00 cold r,erhar,s to permit Lhe gro w t l.t u , 1 H: hu rnan i zi n :; i nfl uence o[ l i terary aud h i storic.al ref!cc1 i o n . His add rl'ss unco1 ers t ll i s pan or h i s m i n d and J r:Ls 11s �er a l i l lle i u l o l i te hea rt. of tlJr rn,, 1 1 , ll' i l lJ Ji i s d 1·c·a111:, ,1 nd 1ma;; 1 n i 11;.;:;, h i s H[)rc u l al i f111$ «ll'I h i -; hop<':'. Y P I. he d ors 11r,L fa i l t r, cl c, J i nnor a 11 rl j 1 1s1 ice t o I L1 1e Norse pf:>oplr all(] rcci tr.•� l l 1 c: i 1 lt isl nry r , r,1<1 t lt r days ,,: J 1 <•1 1 1 1 tr :1 11 r n • 1·01 :;>< 1 1 s of l h P :-; r·a� I U 1 1 t e i r a<! l ,: 1 1 t l o A l l 1 (•ri c-;1 J (JI) , e� r:; ago l l <'­ (;l1 J11 p l i ruen ls 1d 1 1 J ,rn t r u l :-;011H· 1 1 c·:,� a1,<l l H) c1J111 1JJe11ds w i Uwul flatte ry. He speaks for tl1t; <'ll t i re peovl e wheu l1e record·s Lue debt (Jf the North west i n prugn,ss and prospe rity to 1.1,e i n­ il u x of a race which had as i t:, l.wc, stri k i ng characteristics i ls l ust for adventun, and i ts ltu oger for land. Havi n g rec ited succ inctl y li 1 f:' i r l i i s l <J r y a n d 1 '1Pi r flteom p l i'ihmr n t ::,, he pn­ m i l :; l i i rn sel r l < > i l l rl u l :,;<· i 11 a q u iet IJi t fJ[ pll i l ­ os,,plt i z i n g . J l i s ;1 r-; t h ough l 1 r: were i n d u l g i 1 , g i n a n a rn1 c l t ,1 i r r I c r i <', yi>t spr'ai, i n g a l <Jurl l b P lh ough l :; ( J 1 a t a rosp i ll his m i 11 (1 as h e COll· t empi al cs llte rourr;e of a g-reaf. ra<'<'. He is n o t con t e n t to confine h i msrl [ i n l l i s con templation l o the N o rse adn-: n l u rc>. He speculates u pon the " r i d d l e of Dabe!'' wh ich is to be found only i n t he United Slate:,;, a n d is l i fLed by lhe t hough t that out oE " L he confusion of tongues, the conflict or tradition, the variations of hi storical etling, I.he vast differences in talent and taste," u n i t y has come. This in, i tes h i m lo look into L 11e soc ial backgrou n ds or the coun try-U1e human �Lory or the unsung mil lio11s or plain pcoplc-a11d Lllere l.Je is at h is unexpected h0sL I l e cites t h e m i x t u re of racrs from al l qnartrn; of l 11P, gl obr, a 1 1 <l the fea rs that 1 h e mel U n g p o l would p r o v e rxplos i l·c ratlH• r tha11 I he I essel from w h i ch I h e fine frmpnNI metal ,,r a new m: l i on might l)e d rawn. The <lo ulJt 1 0 �1 1 , u L tlie U n i t ed S l a t es m ig h t mere l y becom i, "a large n u m iJer o( peop le i n a l arge p l acr," is long si nce cl i ssipa tPd , a n d wi t h a slow W!Jnd er h e asks for t h e amal gam w!Jic!J i>roug hl abou t t hi s mira cle. Perh aps i t is t o b e t h e J ong-sough t phil osoph e r's Mone , which s h a l l blenrl t he war­ ri ng- natio ns o ( the world in u n ily, a'.; if ! J as I.h e i r natio nals in this l a n rl . l t i s a l on g l oo k i n f<> t h e f u t u re a n d U 1 al. t h e Yisio n m a y persi st he t u rns bis eyes bar;k­ ward lo the OJJc ori :;in o r a l l thi> racr:,; , Io the cracl l e or lhe A ry a n stock , and asks i r t h ose whic h WPre once cne may not , in the appo i n t ed ti me, beco me one aga i n '! 1 1 n eeds b u l Ll,e el u s i \· p amal gam w h i c h reu n i ted th en1 i n this l a n d, l o reu nite t h em elsewhere. To confir m t h e lhou;; ht h e reach es o u t t o Louc h upon t h e cause s for the m igrati on or races . "Man seems to ha, c been from llie bcgi n n i ug, t h e most migr atory of a n i mals ," a n d Ile e n u mera tes the reasons, c l i ­ matic., phys ical, p o l i tica l , socia l, rel igiou s a n d econo mic thal h ave moli 1·aLed t h e great hegi ras 0f Lbc ages, u n t i l he come s l o that wh ich mark ed the mi Tat i on Lo lhe New Worl d. He . finds tile cause for that d i ffe ring from preYi ow, mo Lil es. The J:\ew Wor l d wrn L fort h on no wa rl ike c0nq ues t. T h e Colon ies enga ged i n "an i nvert ed crusa de-a conq1 1esl wi thoul i 11 1·asio n a n d w i l 110 u t force ." T IJe i r arnIs were male rial, spi rilua l a n d i n tel lect ua I eman cipal ion. Thei rs was 1101 only a "new coun try hut a rl i ffere n l· k in d fJf cou nlry. " The races or E u rope \\·ere l ev i ed upon to popu l a le 0 1 1 r w i l de rn e,;s w i t b o u l the fi ri ng Pl' a shol or the d raw i n g of a swc; rcl . Fort ified wi r h t h a t aspec L, t h e prosp ect. of the future unily seem s l ess d i m and remo le. T0 Lhose who h eard h i m and t h ose who read there is i mpar ted t h e comf ort of a great hope a n d the co u rage of a great aspira f ion. Tile lisin n from lbc armc hai r IJccom cs not only poss i b l e. i t becom es proba ble. Th0 l i tllf! expe ri m('nl of lhe U n i ted Sla t<>s, if it had cl o n e not h i ng in l b c way o f 11ro1· i n g d emoc racy a n d o r l i be ra t i n.� man k i n d , h as done e n o ugh in prov ing the broth er­ h ood of man and t h at the c h i l d ren or ancie nt enem ies can l i e down i n peace Logel her. There is great stren gth i n that thoug hl, there is pride in it, t here is meal for that dete rmin ation that i s prese rvati o n mean s more to the worl d than the mere exist ence of t lle natio n as such. Any man , i n lire l i;;ll t of lhat visio n of desti n y, migh L dedic ate h i msel[ anew lo Lhe safeg uard i ng and prolo nging of i t s e x i stenc e uncha nged . That is Lhe lllou.; h t l h e Presi d e n L lea1 es. TlH' p ,·arlica l ma n 1·, l.J e n hr l 11 rn s llis m i n cl lo cl rran\ d ream s 11• i t 1 t a 1nI rpo 0·c•, 1-1 Pncr mt>n spea k of i 11s1>i rat io11. f 0 �96 . OTHER · SPEAKERS. :B'ollowing the Presi dent and speaking for the management of the Centennial, Prof . Gisle Bothne voiced the apprecia­ tion of the Norse world in a hearty thankc to t he Chief lw.gistrate of the land. Thanked him for his presence, but above a ll for his mas.ter ly address, destined to go down in the history of two people as a classic to be cherished. The : ·inis.ter from .N orway to the United States ,. Hon H . H . Bryn, read a greeting from His Maj esty , King Haakon VI I, to President Coolidge , after whi ch the Hon . Carl J . Hambro address ­ ed the gathering on beh�lf of the lforvregian Sta rting ·( congress ). Thi s address , eloquently delivered , was fol lowed by the readi ng and pres.e ntation to the State of finnesota of a greeting from the Starting of .Norway , beautifully embossed . } r . Hambro was fol lowed by the Hon . Thomas H . Johnson , represen ting the Governor General of Canada, Lord Byng , of Vimy. �"T1me and propriety make it im­ possible :!or me even to !)numerate the rca�ons wh ich have endeare<l the Xorsemen to the countries of. their adopt ion on tli i1< l!id e . oC the A tla n tic. S t i l l 1 c11. nnot refra i n: "tr6m mention­ ing. o n e or two. ,: '' I n d ustry, p i et,y, • respect for ·. C fl n s t i t u t i o n a l ' ,.� o v e r n m .e n t, pa· t�iotiam, i n d i v i duali•m a n d self­ rt l i a nce love o'f a rt, education, m us i c a � d l ove" of liberty ( a l wa:i:-• l i berty u nder the law) a re attri • b utes a p p l icable i ,:i a speci_al sense to the N o rs e m e n 1 n A m erica:. "W,hile the love ·of their adopted counlrles in n o sense has been dim­ inished thereby, each passing gener­ ation has handet! d own io its suc­ cessors a veneration and profound at­ tachment to the history and tradition� of 1 h e homelands of theh· , ancestor�. "Look around this great land. Cast your e.v es over lhe Dom inion of Can ­ ada . ·w ha f do you see of monuments to the splendid men and women who t h edral comes to m y m i n d a n d I If y o u s e e k a m o n u m e n t t o say : t h e N o rs e m e n, of t h i s l o o k ar ou n d y o u , c o n t i n e nt, " T h United Sta l Ps antl Canada join today to do honor to theil· own sons and daughters whose ancestors came here from the lands of song and saga ; from the l::mc1s of the vi­ king;; and the adventurers of ages now Jong 12ast. ln honoring them, our countrie'S honor themselves. "'.rhe epoch of the in1mi;:rant and pioneer is rapidly d rawing to a close. Henceforth out· national progress must ctepcnd upon our o w n sons and claughters. 'l'he achievements or the past are a pledge and earnest or the future. "J r 1n1 h u t pl edge ourselves 1 0 t h e ideal s of our C\'orse fath ers ; 1 o t h e ,v i rl urs o f o u r· . 'orsc fathers, i ( we h11t pl edgC' oursC>lvcs l o continue to hoJ(l h igl1 tl1r banner o [ t n 1e l ibe r t ,,, t h e f11 l 1 1 1·p w i l l )w WOl'thy Of t he g]oi ·­ iPR or t b P past , J OO yea 1·s of w h i t'h we com m<'mora t C' l orlay. SorsPmE'n o r /\ m rrica , WhC'I he1· reiai d i n.g :sout h or nnri h o f 'h� linP which c0ns1 it 1 1 t <'>< our ho tindr< l'y, IPL 11:s tocfa , u n i t <' 1n have gone be fnrP ? They are t <'l he .in t p l edge. .\ . ·orseman • � plecl�e found on all sideR. once< ,nrn rlc was neyer broken. "The spi res . of l hc i r ch t(rcbcs poi u t G r e e t i n g s to C o o o l i d g e , towards heaven i n cities, lowns an d hamlets across the wide expanse of Mr. President, allmv me, in conr,111both countric,s. Their instit utions of sion, to convey to yourse l f the com education and charity and mercy pliments of the Prime �\tlinister a n d abound all over this continent. These of Canada. In. particula1·, I de­ are not, however, thcit· .greatest nor people to express to you the apprecia­ the most encl uring monuments of the sire t i on or t l1 e thousands of Norsemen i n Canada f o r your gracious participa­ tion in i h i s festival. ''The l ' nited States and Cana da into , t h e ver .,· fabric of l h e national chel'ish the common t raditions of t he ish speaking 1·•ce and the same Engl liCe ofc the two splendia natioll!! on ideals control o u t· national l ives. May this continent. I he colossa l power wh ich rests l\·ilh­ ' o e e d ; P rove M o n u m e n t , i i;t l he e.1·ms Of t hPse kind,·er1 peoples ''Id l:he ,rreitt c i t y o f r�ondon t h ere never be i n voked to drive t lPm al'< tm­ sta nd,; a n e<l i fice w h i ch is an 'archi- clf•1·, hut to WPld 1 h ern. tog-C>,he. nw re 1Prlul'a I m a l·,·cJ com m a n d i n g admi ra ­ fi rm l y than e ,·er before. " i ion of su cr·css i \·e genera t ions of t h e worJrl. I reTc1· l o S L Pau l 's cathrrl ra l . Iis desig.ne·1·, S i r C h ristppher ,Vren, I Jie • s buried. w ithin t he grea t c-at herlf'11 l. A·. s i mple sla b. marks h i s' r<'s ting placc q1 with l his . i nscrip1 ion : ' l f yo11 seek his mo nument, look arounrl you .' ' ' W h e n I t hi ttk 'of the N orsemen i n A merica w h o have gone b e ­ fore, t h e e p i t a p h i n S t , P a u l's c a • I :I:r: ;�.:;,;; ,;�;:;: ;;: ; �98 . 1J e ed w e s tat e that thi s beaut iful tribut e to our race , spoke n on behalf of our si s ter nati on, Canada, o.wQllllilaiii.-�"-tiG:,tl��, s tirr e d the heart s of the hearer s ? " Breath e s there a m an wi th soul so dead , Who never to hi ms e lf ha th sai d � This i s my ovm , my nat ive land?" SECRETARY KELLOGG. The Coolidge administrat i on vrent far out of their way t o gi ve a small but courageous people tdkens of American cordiality and friendship .. Not only did the Pr esiden t , him­ s e lf , mak e the long and tiresome j ourney , i n a t errific heat , but so al so di d hi s S ecre t ary of State � lfr. Frank B . Kel logg � Not only di d Er. Kel l ogg go to the Cent enni al to sp eak, but he wen t ther e to be introduced to an audi en c e and by a Chairma,n, who lla.d defeat ed hi m in his effort for r e e l e c t i on to th e Uni t ed States S ena t e. 4-..:;. � ?;; Mr . Kellogg took occa sion to s ound a warning agains t the danger of " tamp eri ng wi th the organic law of the land" . He ref erred to ali en infusion of danger­ ous doctri n e s and to the cons tan t propaganda. age.i ns t con ­ s t i tut ed authority . The t ext of the addr e s s follows : - -t...-.-t �::Ir . Ke llogg r e c ei ved th e thanks o f th e hear ers f o r hi s laudatory and i llumine.ti ng addr e s s in no mis ­ t ak en manner , and the p r e s s thro ughout the country com­ men t e d highly up o n i t � I n de e d , only thi s las t Augus t ( 1 926 ) , one of New Yo rk ' s f o r emo s t wri t er s , S t ev enso n o f the Bro oklyn Eagl e alluded to c ertain part s of Mr . Ke l lo gg ' s sp e e ch . ].;fr . P e t er Norbeck , Ua.it er 01 a:J,es ·��· r e spo nded t o rr . Kpl logg o n b ehalf . 4j . 0 .O .Prens , o f Ame ri c e,n c i ti z en s of Nor s e d e s c ent � i Ho nti. fo rmer Gov erno r of Mi nn e s o ta , made a f ew c l o s i ng remarks ; Wi th the bene dic ti on , p ronounc ed by the venerab l e and b e ' , l oved o f th e Norweg i an Lutheran Chur ch o f Ame r i c a , th e very Rt . R ev . !:I . G . S tub , th:ii, hi s t o r i c s e s s i on came t o a cl o s e .. � N o r sem �n l ove to celeb rate , they go the l imi t . an d once they get starte d , lt Thus ,- vri th the C en t e nnial C el ebrat i on at Hi nn eap o l i s ­ St . Paul . The Pr es i dent and hi s pa rty c ame and w e nt , but the c el ebrati on c on t i nu e d . That same even i ng , the offi c i al s e s s i o n , wi th gr e e t i ngs from s c o r e s of Gov e rno r s ; members of Uni t ed St a t e s C o ngrea$ and offi cial p rovi nc e s of Canada t o ok pla c e � Hon . O . J . Kva le , Uni t ed S tat es C ongr es sm.an from lfi nnes o ta p r e s i ded . Aft er mus i c , by S t . O lo f College Band , J . Arndt Berg , Conduc tor , and 99 . �OJ- .,u,i�tn� 100 . :tJJ: " Daughters of Norvray" Drill T eam , i,tf ...-i�Mill��·�, the Stars Spangle Banner was sung by the Norwegian Singers Aoos ciation of America , direct ed by Prof . Fred Wick . �Then came official gre etings from the Twin Citi es , through their r e sp ective �1:ayors . For St . Paul, May or Arthur Nels on and for ,,.inneap olis , Mayor George E . L each , after which United State s Senator , Jil.enrik Shipstead , deliv ered the mai n off icie.l gre eting s from States and Provinc e s . Hon . J . Bracken , Premier of Manitoba , spoke for that Province . Consul C . J . Bj @e spoke for British Columbia. This was followed by Gov . Theodore Chri s tians en of Minne ­ s ota� a rep re s entativ e of Gov . He nry L . Whilfield of Mi s s issipp i . G0>v . J . E . Erickson ·or Montana ; A . G . Sorlie , 1�orth Dakota ; C a rl Gund erson , South Dakota ; John J . Blaine , tUl o--f ti� wtMThr 11 ;; 111 • 1 Ji;]_ of Nors e d e scent. Hov1ever , Wisconsin, four Governors of large and influent ial States of the Union , J not of Nor s e d e s c ent , graciously s ent their gre eting to the C entennial. Gov ernor Le� Small of Ill ino i s , by former United State s ]1inister to Uru �uay ; Hon . N . . Gr evstad ; Gov ernor Pinchat of Pennsylvania, by the Rev . Jen s C . Ros eland and Governor Sil z er of Nevr Jers ey , by th e R ev . Ak s e l B erg . £o Stat e , hovrnv er , sho\'7ed greater inter est than the Empire State of th e Union , New York � Gov e rnor Alfred E . Smith , unable to attend the Centennial in p erson , appointed an official delegation of four to represent the State at th e Celebration • . The dele gation consi sted of Ma jor General Charle s W . B erry , th e high e st ranking officer attending the Cent ennial ; Li euten­ ant Colone l Arthur V . McDermott , Cap t . S . J . Arnes e n and the R ev . C.O . P eders en . �·., 1 01 . The lat t er two we re appo int ed b e caus e of the Gov ernor ' s desi r e to s end two rep r e s e ntat ive ci t i zens of No rse desc ent . It was a co inci dent that they were bo th bo rn in th e C i ty o f the Pioneer Slo op e rs , in No rway , and b oyho od f ri ends . Besi des the abov e men ti one d , the fo l l owi ng Uni t ed Stutes Senat ors an d R ep re s entati ves , o f No r s e Lineage we re on the program : SENATORS : Pe t er Norbeck , S outh Dako ta ; Henrik Ship­ s t ead , Minneso ta ; R e e d Smo o t , Utalb.. . 'REPRESENTATIVES : Augus t H . Andre s e n , Mi nnes o ta ; Olger B . Burtne s s , No rth Dako ta ; Charl es A . Chri s t ophers o n , South Dakota ; Gi lbert N . Haug en , I owa ; Har o l d Knuts on , lli nn e s o ta ; O . J . Kval e , .Mi nne s o ta ; ].LAlf r e d lLchael- son , I ll inoi s ; John M . Nel so n , Wi s co ns i n ; Knud Wewal d , liinnes o ta ; William Wi lliamson , S outh Dakota . The Rev . Mey er brought gree ti ngs from the :Eayo r of Chi cago . Maj o r Gen eral Charl e s W . Berry , who was to have sp oken the vro rds o f gre eti ng from Gov e rn o r Smi th , un- "She salutes the memo:ry of In presenting Governor Smith's greeting �ev. � Pedersen, ..... the pioneers who have toiled and wrought and now sleep beneath .J• if tl: ll Y Tt: lel-the sod, and, extending t�e hand said in part : of fellowship and fratermty, she " In the name of General Berry, begs of you, their .children, to who heads the official delegation carry on, an d to preserve as a from New York, and on beh�lf precious heritage the culture and of Govern or Smith of the Empire traditions of your fathers and the State of the Un ion, I bring you spirit of our own America." � all cordial and sincere greetine,'>• When th e State of New York, through the Governor, decided to l send an official representat�on to 1 the Norse-American Centennial, it was not due merely to the gen­ eral interest in this celebration that by right ought to be shown by all states alike, but New Yor_k remembers with j ust pride, th:1t it was she who first opened her arms to the immigrant pathfinders, and it was her soil that first rewarded them for their toil. "And so because the State of New York shares in Norse-Amer­ ican history from the very land­ of the Restoration, she greets\ u today. ;a!.t'. • the It f rom i:)mi th : �Executive Chambers, Albany, N. Y. Norse-American Centennial Com­ mittee, St. Paul-Minneapolis, Minn. Gentlemen : Whereas , the year 1925 marks the one hu�dredth anniversary of the arrival at the Port of New York of the good ship Restaur­ ationen , the Mayflower of the North, carrying Cleng Peerson father of modern Norwegian im� migrati on to the United States ' and his 45 compatriots ;· and Where as, these p�onee rs, and the many thousa nds of immi­ grants of Norwegian blood 1 who since that _day, have sou<?ht home� and _happme ss among us, have contri buted nobly and well to the maki ng and devel opme nt of our state and n ation ; and, Wher eas, we are not unmind­ ful of the fact that to this race belongs the histodc Leiv Eidks - Rw 1 02 . son, that bold and fearless sailor of a thousand years ago, who, with his daring crew, first saw the shores of our beloved lan d ; TH- , S • and, Whereas, these historic events will be fittingly celebrated by Americans of Norwegian birth or descent, said celebrations to be held in St . Paul-Minneap olis, June 6-9 , 1925 ; and, Whereas, the State of New York is desirous of joining in this celebration ; Now, Therefore I, Alfred E. Smith, Governor of the State of New York, send cordial greeting, and do hereby let it be known that I have appointed a delega­ tion to officially represent the Empire State at the commemor a- • tion exercises. With sincere wishes for a- suc­ cessful and inspiring celebration I atn, Yours very sincerely, ALFRED E. SMITH . �caeu1en also pres ent ed the f ollowi ng l e t t er of ./-14 �""" greeti ng f rom the liayor of the C i ty of New York , Hon . John F . Hylan : - = �GT :S lf"l&ell. City of New York Office of the Mayor June 1st, 1925 Nor1Se-Amer!can Centennial Cm mlttee, St. Paul, Minneapol:d, Minn. Gentlemen : ...::..one hundred years ago, there entered the harbor of our City the sloop "Restaurationen", destined in history to be known as the "Mayflower of the North," car· rying fifty-three Immigrants from Norway. They left Stavanger, a city on the western coast of Nor• way on the fourth day of July, and after a voyage landed here on the twelfth day of October, 1825. We are happy to know that our citizens received them with open arms and ministered to their com• . fort not as an act of charity but as a matter of friendly . hospltalityt Since that day, thousands of their countrymen have passed through this gateway of our country, and from this city, received their first Impressions of the spirit and the resources of our land. It has come to my knowledge l that the beginning of collective im• j migration from Norway to our --- - r-c -ou·n·�r -y --1s to be commemorated with fitting exercises throughout the United States. The City of New York Is desir· ous of participating in this cele· bratlon. We have so done by re­ ceiving with appropriate official ceremony such distinguished repre· sentatlves from Norway as the Very Rt. Rev. Johan Lunde, Bishop of Oslo ; the Hon. Lars Oftedahl, Member of the Cabinet and Minis­ ter for Social Welfare ; the Hon. Carl Hambro, Member of the Stor­ tlng ( Parliament ) , Chairman For• elgn Committee ; Prof. Frederick Stang of the Royal University · of 1 Oslo, and others. Lastly the City of New York ha11 1 designated. one of its choicest pie• ces of park land as "Leiv Elriksson : Square"-in honor of that intrepid Norwegian sailor and explorer : I Leiv, the Lucky, and of the race to I which he belonged. Permit m-e, a15 Mayor of the City of New York, to extend to you the greetings of all our citizens, and to express to you our sincere wishes for a successful centennary. Very truly yours, JOHN F. HYLAN, Mayor. �Tuesday Forenoon :1��'1W.-l,>1, G R AN D STAN D Clock E . G . Q U A M M E, C H A J R M A N I N TROD UCED B Y D R . C A R L D. KO LSET Augsburg Semin ary Glee Club SONGS PRO F. H. OPSETH, DI RECTOR F I FTEEN- M I N UTE-A D D R E SSES NORSE CONTRIB U T I ON TO AG R I C U LT U R E GLIMPSES OF PION E E R LI F E SONGS NORSE A M E R I C A N LITE RAT U R E NORWEG I A N S I N ALASKA SONGS THE NORSE-A M E R I CAN SC HOOL T H E NORSE-A M E R I C A N C H U R C H SONG THE NORSE-A M E R I C A N B E N C H AND B A R =; ==- Hon. 0 . P. B . .Ta cobson Hon. O le Sageng O t to Clausen Prof. .T. A. H o l<vik Judge G. I. L o men NI.rs. B. A . Clepp Prof. Oscar L. Ols o n D r . J . A. 111 o re head A ugsburg Glee Club .fudge T. R. Nels o n INTERN A TIONAL SESSI ON H I P PO D R O M E Nin e- Thir ty O'Clocl� M R S. MAN LEY FOSSEEN, CHAIRMAN I N TRODUCED BY M RS. SOP H I A WETTELAND A ugustana College Choir SONGS PROF. CARL O. Y O U N G DA H L, DJ RECTOR F I FTEE N-M I N UTE-A D D R E SSES Co nsul T. S!ullet A n e tte Yde Lake DA N I S H SONGS Prof. Frank Nels o n G R E ETINGS FROM SWEDI S I- I -A M E R I CANS G. G. Hultgren SWEDIS H SONGS - H o n . G u1111ar B. Bj¢ rnson GR EETINGS F R OM l c E LA N DI C -AM E R I C A N S H. B. Thorgrimsen l c E LA N D I C SONG C. J. H a nibro G R E ETINGS F ROM JoRWA Y Bergljot A alrud Tillis ch J o R S E SONGS Hon. 0. I. Kvale AMERICANIZING INF LUENCES Dr. H. A. B e llows NORSE I N F L U E N C E ON A M E R I C A N LIT E RAT U R E C. I. Bjorke SONGS .fudge Oscar !vl . To rris o n N ORS EM E N AND THE LAW A ugus tana College Choir SONG GRE ETINGS FROM D A N I S H-A M E R I C A N S rs1 1 �Committeee Members., Norse-American Centennial K N UT G J ERSET THEODORE C. BLEGEN 0. P. B. JACOBSON DH. Miss l-IERBORC REQUE R EV. M. E. w ALDELAND Mn . GrsLE Bon-I N E M R s . SOPHIA WETTELAND f82 1 I NGEBORG RAS MUSSE �Tuesday Afternoon -��':t:::!J,li-VFty Q 1 kl k-­ iH I PPO D R O M E Arranged by Women's Auxiliary Co rn rnittee M RS . W M . O . STORLIE, C H A I R M A N I N TRO DUCED BY M RS. A . C. FLOA N ADDR ESS : The r o r wegian Woma n ' s Pl ace in Ame r i c a n H i sto ry Bertha ADDRESS : C. Peterson, Chicago Wom e n ' s Work f o r Social B et t e r m e n t i n Norway Be tsey K.jels berg, Oslo A lrna M ehus H olrnfridur A rn ado tt ir, Iceland Mrs . O t to Clausen, Chicag o, Ill. Bea trice Bessesen PIANO SOLO ADDRESS ADDRESS VOCA L SOLO THE N O R W EG I A N PION E E R wOMA T A G N E S W E RG E L A N D V I O L I N SoLo Susie Stageb erg, R ed Wing, Minn. Maren Michelet Valborg Leland, Columbia, lvf o . T H E CONTR I B UTION OF T H E NORWEGIAN E L EMENT I N T H E F I E LD OF A M E R I C A N SC H O LAR S H I P Larso n, Urbana, Ill. Prof. L. G R E ETI Marie Michelet, Oslo Dean Gertrude Hilleboe St. Olaf Male Quarte tte GS G R E ET I NGS SONG --== = Tuesday Evening / Jiig h t 0.Xlaok G R A N D STA N D THE CENTENNIAL PAGEANT M u s i c BY Lun-I E R COLLEGE C O N C ERT BAND CARLO A . SP E RATl, CONDUC TOR Jo ANNES GrtoSETJ-r C l!L HANSO, L. STAVNT-IEH1 ArtNm OPS'J'll; P AGEANT COM M I TTEE Chairman Mns. T. V. TJ'!OMSEN Mns. N n.s J1m1.L Mns. WM. O. STOn .m (Synopsis of "Pageant of the Northmen ," by Vlil larcl Dillman) The theme of the p·,gea nt is to sug�est for the present generation some hint of the story of the fathers. those hardy de cenclants of the Vikings. who laid the foundation of the Rplendid achieve­ ments of thei r rnce in the new world. The story does not follow history with too m uch exactness. The drn mntic form cannot do this. Events m ust be tele coped. The story m ust form a dramatic entity. There m ust be a centrnl current. from wh ich n o overflow may pread too far afield. To this encl lthe stol')' concern itself particula rli' with the l i fe of one man, Hans Clnisti,:in Heg, a type of all that is best and noble t in a citizen . The story commences with his ch i lclhoocl, a n d while it does not close with h is death, his spirit and the effects of his sacrifice extend th rough to the end. Scene Scene Norway. Scene Scene Scene the Heg THE STORY IN OUTLTN'E 1 . The characters i n the page· nt accoi;(p'a n ·ec1 by bands, pass in review before the aud ience. boy c;,f ten at his father's inn, Joca trd beside a road in Z. Ha n I- leg is hown as 'Iis motlier tells im fo1kl ·e tori s. 1 3. The boy's grn nclfn. ther ·ecounts .o him 0111!) of the trnrlitio,ns of bis land. 4. His father tells him s�meth ing of how the earlie t adventurers went to A merica to live. 5. Ole and J. n ten Nat estad, returning from A merica, visit the inn. They encourage amily to imr igrate to the new world. �Scene 6. Indian are in possession of an A merican forest, which i destined to become the home of the Norse settlemen Scene 7. A party of 'or , the adva nce guarrl of the imm igrants, arrives, weary after their day's tramp. As they sleep they dea ·m that they a re visited by Epirits of the wood. Scene 8. The In dians a re pI p 'll'i ng to depart. They smoke l'he peace pipe with the newcomer. . Scene 0. America n pioneers in covered wagon . bound \\'E)Stwa nl, camp for the night The three races gather around a camp fire. Scene 10. The Indian take th ir dep:1rture. The American resume their journey westward. The Norse a re left in posses ion of the fore t. Scene 1 1 . The first settler :ne joined by a large · party of immigrants, among them the Heg fam i lv. Scene 1 2 . A t a frontier church s ·vice, the first babe born i n the settlement i s baptized by the young mini ter. Scen e 13. During a scourge of chol ·n an i m migrant mother and her two ch ildren are stricken. Scene 1 4. Hans Heg, now a boy in • teens, and Gunhild Einong, a n i m m igra n t girl, a re con­ firmed. Scene 1 5 . The five daughters of a dancin master are ha tily wooed and won by five young men of the settlement. Scene 16. Hans Heg, now a ca nd idate, for 1e state legi lature on the Free Soi l ticket, makes use of a group of fugitive s laves to emphasize hi ar., ument at a political meeting Scene 1 7. Hans Heg and Gunhild Einong are married by the Rev. Hans Andreas Stub. O!e Bull plays a t the wedding. Scene 1 8. While some of the c-ttlers a re gat eied a t the postoffice, a courier a nnounces the bomb·ndment of Fort Sumpter. ater a stage clnv r that P resident Li ncoln has cal led for vol un tee rs. Scene 1 9 . H,rns Heg receives from Genera l Grant 1is commission as colonel of the I 5th ,v iscon­ sin, a regiment n,ade UP of N orwegia n i m m ig-ra nts. Scene 20. While encouragi ng h is men a t the battle o Chich mauga, Co!onel Heg gives hi l i fe for his adopted country. General Grant and P resident Li nc In P''Y homage at hi bier. Scene 2 1 . The flag-draped casket containing the body f the dend officer is brought home to the settlemen � . Scene 22. Young women a n d young men. at i n a solemn festival of peace a.nrl ha rvest. Scene 23. Characteristic groups i n rl icate the in America by Norse pioneers a n d thei r aescenclr nts. Scene 24. The peop'e unveil a statue of Colonel Heg, i m m igr nt soldier and m a rtyr to the cause of human libert)'. OFFI C IAL ACCOM PAN I STS :\1ARGA RET H jZ) IGAA RD HANN A ROLLEFSON N B : PROGRAM LEADERS J. A. Holvik has been appointed by the B o ard of Di rectors and the Pr ogram Committee to assist you in carrying out the programs and you can secure his se rvices by applying to H EADQUARTERS I N ST. LO UIS Co. B LDG. Phone : M idway 9400. Mr. A t On e-Fi/ teen O'Clock OPEN AIR CONCERTS Su IDAY : ST. O LAF C O L L EG E BAND T U E S DAY : LU T H E R COLLEGE B A N D Brooks Evans Pianos furnished by courtesy o f The 13rooks Ev�ns Piano Company, Thomas P. Breen, Snle i\ fana�cr, I l l So. 1 1 th St , i\Iin neapolis Hardman Pianos furnished by courteS)' of Holstml :\ l usic Co., 1 00 So. 0th St., M i nneap()lis f841 �-- ... . �e ' 1�'"" Q Ct � •\/,'I (P,,.,,,._I< , 0 � � 1 06 .. t � How ever , one mor e f ea tur e d e s erv e s a large place ,r. �r 1 u-<- THE CENTENNllL EXE:II B I T I Olif Of thi s , th e Minnesota Journal wri t es : EXHl'BITS UNFOLD · ROMANCE OF NORSE NATION'S ADVANCE Rows of Articles Reveal Hope�, and Fears of Settlers of 1825 ;.THOUSANDS VIEW RARE CENTENNIAL DISPLAYS Queer Old Chests, Tapestries, Needlework and Homes Shown at Fair Grounds The romance of a nation's development, the story of a race of hardy, ad-' venturou s p ioneers, silently unfolded it-self today for tens .of thousands of vis_. itors to the Norse-American Centennial. who visited the place where past and present meet-the Norse-American exJ1ibits, in the woman's building at the Fair grounds. :z:z � - cc--- ,.;c._ Row upon row· of articles bore test!� mony to the hopes and fears, the loves·. and sorrows of those first strangers whd came to the northwest, 100 years ago. And past the relics of early days, the things that made homes for the early Norwegian pioneers, pushed all day long a never ending stream of the pioneers': descendants. · They stopped to . talk, in Norwegian or English, over the needlework, the' patchwork quilts: and yards and yards of fancy work, calling to each other :_. �Remember, Olga, grandma had a spread jalst like that one, only the flow-' 'ers were purple," and "Pa, come here! Here ls something ni<le!''. Displays Picture · Progress In ' one l ittle� exhibit is typified the whole display. On one stand is a model of "Per Viking's Farm, 1886"-three Jog cabins, a few cows, a wooden fence­ space. On another, a model , of "Ole Viking's . Farm, 1925"-an automobile on the driveway, electric lights and tele­ phone in the house, modern, , immacu­ late barns, blooded stock. That is the ,keynote of it all. • Side by side stand dishes used before the Civil war and . dishes used since the World war. ' 'All around the . showcase, full of Nor•. wegian costumes, brilliant with colorful embroidery, with white blouses and lit­ tie tightly :aced bodices,. wander women and girls in the slim, str�ight, boyish frocks, ? f 19�5. ) 00 •mg own benignly on the display of the things they have made possible I is a frieze of pictures of famous Norse. Americans, men who have played a I i:,rominent part in the development of the northwest. Governors, ministers, soldiers, judges, school teachers, doctors, diplomats, benefactors, all have their. ;place, Queer, Old Chests Shown There are queer old chests, varl- . -colored and sturdy looking, that hint.,of the glorious · golden haired brides •who ·married Vikings long ago. There are silver and china dishes, built like Viking ships, ohl. books and p!ctur.es, crude wagons and · cultivators and mortars. ·Tapestries stand out in the exhibit. High above the crowd hangs a blu� tapes'try, with calm, .placid ducks float� ing .Jelsurely across it. A Gobelin tapestry, on which Hia­ watha strides trom the woods, a deer over his shoulder, was woven .b y a· Minneapolis woman , Miss Pauline G. F.ields, who died a year ago last Christ• mas. She spent 12 years at the work. Miss F'jelde died with her work not quite finished, and her sister, Mrs. Fjelde Hansen, 3008 Park avenue, took· up th� taslt and finished it. _ Mies Fjeld,e was the sister of Jacob FJelde, • sculp­ tor of the Ole Bull statue in Loring park and the statue ot Minnehaha at �inftell.aha Falls. �Famous Tapeatrlea Attract Throng Three famous tapestries by Fru Frida Hansen, 70-year-old Norwegian weaver, attracted g,1·eat crowds. On "South• ward," seven beautiful goddesses ride on swans' backs ln a lake. On another, Kini; • Sig-rud marches triumphantly. The third ls a transparent tapestry, woven In such a way that its pattern wm show through when It' is hung be!ora a llght. There ar� violins and pictures, church and Institution exhibits and-most en­ trancing of all-two li-fesize rooms from Norwegian houses of lSte. One is a llttie room, with rude wooden I>enches along one side, bunks built on the other for beds, a queer square. jutting stone fireplace stuck out In one corner. The other· room is patterned on the home of a. much wea.l thier man or those days. Reavy gold framed pictures on the wall! tapestried chairs, heavy rose 1 velour window drapes, hanging to the ffoor, an "old-country'' fl.replace ot white, even a piano, make this one a replica of the finest a Norwegian of 1825 could dream of. (IJ._�: � j(.�,M_ ���Q.;�, CV� _,4� t>-v dt,..--t �, ">' P.zt. enni4l Exhibition Prog ram KNUT GJERSE�an / C M M I TTEE Kr. Prestgard, Decorah, I a. T. Stabo, Decorah, Ia. 0. E. Rolvaag, N orthfield, lYt.nn. I. PIONEER LIFE : / I. 2. 3. 4. / ADVISORS Olaf Thorshov, M inneapolis, Minn. D. G. Ristad, M anitowoc, Wis. C. 0. Solberg, Sioux Falls, S. D. Gunnar Nordbye, August Klagstad, Sverre Sieverts, M iss Olive Boe, M iss Sigrid Stenberg, Gudrun Lochen Drew­ sen, M a ry B. Andersen, R. A. Plimpton, M inneapolis : Art Exhibit. Knut Gjerset : Pi 1eer Exhibit. 0. M . N orlie : i aps of Settlements. R. B. Anderso . The Anderson Home. Olaf Thorsh v : The I nterior of the N o rwegian H omes': 5. Hjalmar Rued Roland : Tank and His 1 S�ool. / 6. Eugene Gilboe, Torkel Oftelie, R. J. M eland, Jens Johnson. I I. IX. C H U RCH : I. C. A lMellby : H istorical Essa . / 2. C ntennial Committee of the Norwegian Lutheran Church of America-G. T. Rygh, Rev. R. M almin, 0. �- Reigstad, Dr. G. M. B ruce, C. S. B. Hoel . Church Exhibit. his Committee has also published a Can­ tata, a H istory of the N o rwegian Peo­ ple in America, and an Order of Service for the Sunday program ) . 3. Centennial Committee o f the Lutheran Free Church-Prof. Andreas Helland : Church Exhibit. 4. Centennial Committee of the Lutheran Brethren-Rev. R. S. Gjerde : Church Exhibit. 5. Centennial Committee of the N orwegian M ethodist Church-Rev. H. K. M ad­ sen : Church Exhibit. I I I. SCHOOLS : I . 0. A Tingelstad : H istorical Essay. 2. L. A. Vigness, E. T. Tufte, I. Dorrum, 0. M. N orlie : School Exhibit. IV. AGRI C U LTURE : I. T. Hoverstad : H istorical Essay. 2. 0. M. Norlie : M aps. V. l ury of At..1,,-ards : S. Q HATWOOD B U RTON CAM ERON BOOTH 1-I. L I N DLEY HOSFORD T H E PRESS : I . 0. M . N o rlie : Historical Essay, Charts. 2. R. B. Bergeson : Press Exhibit. GlHARITY AND M UTUAL A I D : . Kildahl : H istorical Essay, Exhibit and M aps. WOMEN'S ARTS AND CRAFTS : H e rborg Reque, Ingeborg Rasmussen : and Crafts Exhibit. XI. X I I I. H istorical Essay X I V. NORWEGIAN SKI SPORT : Aksel H. Holter, Julius Blegen, Oscar Gun­ dersen : H istorical Essay and Exhibit. xv. SONS OF NORWAY : L. Stavnheim : Historical Essay. X V I . DA U G H TERS OF NORWAY : M rs. Augusta Swan : H istorical Essay. X V I I. THE M EDICAL PROFESSION : Knut Gjerset : H istorical Essay and Por­ trait Gallery. X V I I I. I N DUSTRIES : C. 0. Teisberg: Industrial Exhibit. X X. 2. Knut Gjerset : VI I I. ART : H erborg Reque, John C. Langfeldt, chairmen ; Emil Bi9irn, N ils Remmen, Charles N . C. Bagge, Chicago ; Christen B ruun, Thomas Bull, Thorbj9irn B ascoe, New York ; A. C. Floan, Edward Mohn, M rs. H. G. Stub, Dr. Egil Bockmann, M rs. Charles Freeman, St. Paul ; TRADE AND COM M ERCE : Arne Kildal : VII. Historical Essay. Picture Gallery. H istorical Essay and j X I I . M usic : I . Gunnar M almin : Historical Essay. 2. M. Casper J ohnshj1iy : Music Exhibit. X IX. 1 . M. W. Odland : AND ORGANIZATION S : Carl G. O. H ansen : Exhibit. V I . LITERATURE : 1 . Wm. Age r : H istorical Essay. 2. Karl T. Jacobsen, J. C. M . H anson, Einar Josephsen, Jacob Hodnefield : Book Exhibit and Bibliography. M EN IN P U BLIC SERVICE : SOCIETIES Arts NORSE-AMERICAN SERVICE M EN IN THE WORLD WAR Alvin Ronning. XXL ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE : M I N N ESOTA STATE EXH I BI T ING PIONEER LIFE FEATUR· N . J. Holmberg, Knut Gjerset, C. G. Selvig, N. T. M oen, Fremont J. Thoe, G. B. Wollan : Agriculture and Husbandry, Horticulture, Forestry, Fisheries, Min­ ing, Scenery. X X I I . NoRSE-CANAJJIAN ExHIBIT: Knute H adel and : Canadian Exhibit. iJ �108 . .l:iere we take leav e o f what i s des tined t o go down in hi s t ory as the great es t gather i ng of No rs emen the wo rl d has ever s e en . Perhap s the grea t es t i t ever wi l l s e e , for ti mes change � rac ial gro ups and th e c on­ di t i ons that made for thei r b ei ng kept in t ac t ar e fas t disapp eari ng . What ev. er may be the fu tur e lo t o f our . people � tbAlgr eat f inal cometo geth er , un der such happy and i l lustri ous ausp i c e a i has not been i n vai n . /� /4 t �' 1J �109 . THE CENTENNIAL Iff.ANAGE1D.TINT . suc c e s s o f the C ent enni al i s no t du e to any one .p e rs on , but t o the combined eff o r t s of many minds and many hands . Yet , one c annot but pay t ri but e to the out s eandi ng leadership of the Managing Di r ec t o r of th e C om.mi t t e e ,. l:Ir . H . S . Ho ls tad . ?� 7 �,!z:;_J To him t o g e ther wi th the abl e S ec re tary , Pro f . J . A . Holvik of Mo o r ehead , 11:i nn . , mus t go the l i on ' s share o f the credit .. That Hi s Royal Ma j e s ty dec orat ed the s e two gen t l emen among o the rs in rec ogni t i on of thei r s ervi ce to thei r ra c e , was a beauti ful and fi tt i ng c limax to thei r earn e s t and ab le endeavo r . 4tz; Z GOVERNOR SMITH HONORED . Governor Alf red E . Smi th had s ignal ly honored the No r s e -Ame ri can ci ti z ens of New Yo rk and of Ameri c a .. He not only addr e s s ed a gr e e t i ng t o the C en t ennial at • St . Paul , Minne s o ta , but appo ted a delegati on hea.de.d by one of the l e adi ng offi c er s of the Uni t e d Stat e s , Maj or General Charles r,il1 W . B erry , Commandi ng O ffi c er o f the New Yo rk lia.t.e Guard , to r epres ent the S tat e o f New York at the S t . Paul -Minn eap o l i s f e s t i vi t i es . I t was felt by many o f the l eading No r s e -hme ri can s i n �Greater New Yo rk, that so me step s should be t e,ken pub li c ly to acknowledge tl.Le Gove rnor's cour tesy , as well as t hat of Hajor G�neral Berry , who generous ly took the extended journey to, 1 1inneso ta for t he so le p_urpo se of hono ri ng our peo ple. An excellent opportuni ty presented i t s elf Sundci.y , ugu s t 30 th , when t·en thousand :Norse- under the auspi ces of the Men's eri c �ns gathered, i d Society, at Owl's Head , a private park belonging t o the Blis s Es tate . Sai d the- Ea&!Le :_ - -L;;.".--.-..,.-.- --=� ��� �- Nor;;:� r - Governo r Smith an<l Maj. Gen. A. N. Rygg, editor of theof th e ent Char l es w. Berry, reg ular Demo - wegian News and pre<;iid ety of the Norwegian erati c designe e for Cont.ro ller, wer � Men 's ,Aid Soci e�c��J:ll:��I � e!!..Ja.t.....i,h di Ho spital, pre_sid rincip al the P speakers yesterday aft . in the park . ove,rnor mith, wh '> . erno·o n at a summer festival ar- spoke briefly, declared that more e�­ w or � ranged by the Men 's A id Society o f ergy must be put into hospital to be in a po· the NorwegIan Hospital t o raise if the inst1tutlons are cope ade qua tesitlon whe re they cli.IJnee ds. H e defunds for that Institu tion. h hum anity's wit ly 0,0 0 0 ,0 0 0 5 $ . An audience of 1 0 . 0 0 0 gave . the scribed his fight for the th0 Govern or a n enthuslastlo welcome a t bond issue in 1 9 2 3 t o modernize ons. ti the Bliss Estate, Shore rd. and 6 7th State' s hu manitaria n Institu utrib con the st•• G eneral Berry, a resident o f Bay The Gov ern or lau den Am eric a by its ado pted to e mad tlon on. Ridge for 5 0 years and •a m ember of ens of Norwegian extracti ng the Norwegian Hospital staff, was citiz Major General Berry, after telli greeted by his friends and neighbors. i, of his 50 years' residen ce in the Bay of tion celebra After a co ncert by the band of 'j Ridge , describ ed the t h e Wartburg Bois Orphan Asylum t h e Norse-American centennial I n of Mount Vernon and a program o : Minneapolis, which h e attended a s athletic events b y members of the one of the commissioners representNorwegian Turn Society, Governor Ing New York Stat.". The team represenUng the N-o rSmith and General Berry were presented with gold medals commemowegian Turn Society g1ve an exhib.!ratlng the Norse-Amorican cententlon of horizontal bar vaulting, calls-thenlcs and vaulting the "Ion� , nial celebration in Minneapolis last Jun e. horse." Many Olympic athletes wer� The Rev. lfl'. Carl 0. Pedersen, on the team, including Tryge Andresen and Bjorne Jargensen. pastor of the hospital, made the Another demonstration was given presentation to General Berry and Capt. S. J. Arnesen, 0. R. C., to Govto Captain Andreas Mork Grinsoe, ernor Smith. Ulrick Wickstrand and John Presteng, who arrived in Brook lyn 011 They wero selecten for the honor Thursday night after sailing - their 45because the Chief Executive chose foot yawl, • t11e "'Fraedrelandet," Dr. Berry, the Rev. Dr. Pedersen and l the Atlantic's 3, 000 miles in across Captain Arnesen to represent New 73 days. York State at the Norse-American f:-� •-. 1 (f:� - � i.lw �/ Centennial Celebration in Mlnneapo- � �� J=� Politics were carefully avoided by the Governor and General Berry, but the Rev. Dr. Pedersen, In Introducing­ the popular Bay Ridge physician anu civic worker as "tho next Controller of the City of New York," caused a dem onstration for General Berry among the 1 0,000 seated on the slop­ ing hill of th,e estate . . Lu.. � . 110 . �1 11 . - OTHER CELEBRAT IONS -_J ,- SE TTro The re ar e four l arge c en t r e s for Nors emen i n New York , Chi cago , the Twin C i t i es and S e at t le . e ri c a : The s e c en t r e s , qui t e natur�l ly , b e c ome the gathe ri ng plac e s for a large surroundi ng populat i on . Here the i r mai n newspap e rs are pub li shed ; here are found thei r l arg e I ns ti tut i ons ; here th ey hol d thei r Annual Conventi ons .. Thi s i s no t s a i d t o b e l i ttl e the importan c e of other s . al l er c entres , bu t me rely t o s tat e a fact . I t i s obv i ous , th er efo r e , that al though the at t endanc e at th e Minneapolis - St . Paul f estival numbered t ens o f thous ands , i t di d n o t b egin to touch the No r s e -Ameri c an popul ati o n o f the country . The exp ens e invo lved , and the geographic al di s t2.nc e , qui t e naturally kept th e maj or porti o n of the p e opl e a t hor.ie . For that reason , i t was e qual ly e&sy to unders tand why l o cal c el ebrat i ons , conduc t ed i n eas i ly ac c e s s ib l e c en t r e s , shoul d b e he l d . re are unabl e t o gi ve but the meagr i s t fac t s conc e rning the fes tiva ls at S eatt le an d Chi cago ; but thi s c an b e sai d , however . The s e f e s t i v i t i es , as wel l. as the one i n Nev, York , were no t immi tati ons of the Nati o nal C e lebrati on at the 1'wi n Ci ti e s . They were indep e ndent of thi s c el ebra ti on , bo th i n charac t er i s t i c s and auspic e s . conc erning thi s f es t i val : - " I t was a n ever-t o -b e -f o rgo t t en s i ght that me t one Sunday mo rning at 10 o ' c l o ck , as we ent er e d the Uni v ersi ty Stadium , wher e thousan ds had gathered for Divine F e s t ival S e rvi c e . �112 . 1 t was a SUJ!'me r de.y that can o nly be · found i n No Tiray and by th e beau t i ful sh ores o f Pug et Sound . Th e a i r was sparkli ng c l ear , and the br e e z e from the oc ean fi l l ed banne rs and f lags whi ch f lut t e r e d i n the a ir . The sun p laye d wi th radi an t rays ov e r the human o c ean that fi ll ed the gr ands t an d . Was i t o nly an imagi nati on , o r wa s i t real ly so , that the peopl e co ll e c t i v ely , y ea , th e s i ngl e indi v i dual s had a phys i ognomy al l thei r ovm , e.nd he re on th e Coas t ,. a phy s i ognomy di fferent f rom our No r s e -Ameri can in the Eas t e rn and Northern S tat e s ? One th ing was sure , they are n earer the ]l,i o n e e r p e ri o d , th e day of the p athfi nders o f great er exert i on and sacri f i c e s . 1'he re v1as no mi s take about i t . The s e v1e r e th e p e op l e who had b e en along in gi vi ne; the furthermo s t bounde ri es of c ivi l i zati on " The front i ers " , the le.st push fo rward i n i t s inc e s s ant Wes t ern mar ch , un ti l i t was met by th e Paci fi c O c ean ! I r enemb er e d then the s e wee.th erb ea t en p i o n e e r s ,. who had gathered i n S eat t le from the surr ound ing s e t t l eme nt s : S tanwo o d , Si lvana , Edi s o n and . t . Ve rnon . " Parti c ipat i ng i n th e s e rvi c e was the Luther Co l l ege Band , and b e s i de s l o cal p a s t o r s , Pr ofes s or in Theo logy , i.1.otts O . We e , fr om S t . Paul , L.J.inn e s o ta . I t wa s a beauti ful and i nsp i r i ng s ervi c e .,_ no on , th e c i v i c c e l ebrati o n to ok pl�c e . th e day were : I n the af t e r ­ The speak er s for Uni t e d Stat e s S enato r Pet er Norb e c k and •J r . Wi lhelm �:orgens t • ern . The f o rr:1.e r spoke o f the No r s e ­ eri c an s , the l at t er bro ught gr e e t i ngs froJT1 the Norwegi an Gov e rnmen t .. The nayo r of S eatt l e gr e e t e d the audi enc e on behalf of th e C i ty . �Uadc1m Ligne Lund , C ompo ser rri t er . e.rti f-;.l t of n o t e ,, brought gr e e t i ngs fror1 the vromen · of No rway . 113 The offi c ial prograr.1 of sp e e che s and songs 1ere bro ught t o a con ­ clus i on by the p r e s en t ati on of a tableau portraing the li f e of the pi one er e,nd sub s e quent dev e lopment s , e.l s o the ls.ndi ng o f e iv Eiriks s on , .b. . D . 1 , 0 00 , the 15 th fi s c o ns in Regiment of C i v i l War days , and i t s famous leader , C ol . Han s Reg an d Roeld Amunds e n , s urrounde d by Eskimo es e,nd po lar b ears . . I'i ne.lly , a. group of young romen in vrl i t e , s eat ed on e. l�rg e vm.gon , surr ound ed by Boy Scout s 3.nd. C c.rn.p fi r e Gi rls . Hop e of the :E'utur e 11 Thi s group we. s ca ll e d s i n��i ng " The S t ar s Spane;led Ba.nne r 11 11 Th e 11 The Hymn o f 1''r e edom I c,nd the Hymn of the l:To rs e -J->.me ri can 11 , , • The Chai rme.n of' the. dE'..y vra s th e 'Hon . Wm . Kol derup . _J c:IIC .GO . The f e s t ival . at Chi c ago , un4eT auspi c e s of the C i t i z e ns ' C o11!Pli t t e e , h e e-.ded by t:t. c R ev , H . . •. 1,.eyer , P as t o r o f Chri s t ' s Chu rch , Lo gen S quare , t e rminat e d wi th a l�rg e publi c banquet , o n one of Chi c ago ' s fa�ous pi ers . Thi ..., vr as e t t ended by t.1:1e � ay or and o ther di s t i ngui she d o ff i c .i.e, ls . pal sp ee.ke r . n o on , The Very R t . Rev . Bi shop I unde wa s th e pri nci ­ &.turday aft e r- two -dey c el ebrati on i 1' orvrngian vri th e. f o o tbal l g ame b etween the 'l'urn S o c i e ty o f Brooklyn and th e 1:fo r •1 egi c.n­ .A.me ri c a.n ..i o c c er Club of Bo s to n . I n the ev en i ng about a thous- c:,nd p e ople gather ed c.t Jo r dan H .1 1 , wh ere c. spl endid :1a s Bi shop J . C . .t' e t e rsen and Rev • L,. , 1.I . Tr e ls t ad pr ogr a.In carr i ed out � �114 vre r e the nw.i n sp eake r s . The �,::.e.yor of the C i ty e.nd tl:e: G ov erno r o f th e 8ta t e s en t r epr e s entat i G i lb e r t s o n v,e. s Chc1.i rman o f the ev en ing cha r g e wa s headed by .r . ! �U,t. R ev . A . :H . ;the C ommi t t e e i n l ex1:1.nder 0 1 s en . Sunday mo rning , Bi shop le t e r s e n p r eache d at the C ent enni a l S e rvi c e h e l d a t S t . Paul ' s Cath eilre. l . The 2.ffe.i r c l os e d vri th ,a ban- . N ew York , Emp i r e S t e.te an d .l!!mp i r e C i ty .. Gat eway to the land o f opp o r tuni ty - haven of th e opp r e s s e d . R i ch in chRr i ty , abun dan t in wea l th , lavi sh in ho sp i t ality . :B' i rs t t o b i d the immi grc�nt we l come , l as t t o giv e the hand of frat e rnity t o d epart ing gue s t s . young e s t i n en t e rp r i s e . O l d e s t of th e f ro n t i e r s . �fow Yo rk , the so ul o f the Nat i o n . If th e hi s t o ry o f Vinland , i . e . , ii.Jll eri ca , b e l o ngs t o No r s emen , b y ri ght of di s c o very , :H evr ro rk b e l o ng s t o th em by th e ac t of C o l o ni zati o n . hi s to ry o f li ew Yo rk The r e never was a t i me in t he rh en 1, o r s emen d i d no t c on s t i tut e part of i t s p opul at i o n . I t i s emi n ent ly fi t t i ng , th e r e fo re , that New Yo rk shoul d fu rni sh th e la. s t c e l ebre. t i o n in c o nne c t i o n vri th the No r s e ­ J.m.e ri can C e nt enni al . �c:.nd aft e rwards l e d th e audi enc e i n si ngi ng the No rwegian Nati anal Anthem , " Ja vii, e lsker 11 This was fo llowed by the r e c i tal of a Pro l ogue # , • vrr i tten f o r the o c casi on by :·r . Frankli n Pe t e r sen .. Thi s s t i rr ing p i ec e o { p o e sy _wo uld lo s e much o f i t s forc e and translat i o n . Pro l ogue i n i t s o riginal i s found on page u2 '.l.' he and it is w orth the effort of an ab le t rans - l at or t o t ran slate i t i n t o enel i sh for the ben ef i t of ai.1111 1§2 futur e gen era t i ons . The Pro l ogue was rendered by Lac.lame Berg ey Hammer , we ll known fo r he r wo rk i n drama,ti c art . 'l'hen caxne the pres entati on of th e pl e.y , and i t i s se,f e to s ay , that never b ef ore ,, in the his to ry of Norse -Ameri ce,n s c en i c art , has a play b e en b et t er pr e s en t ed o r mor e enthus ias­ ti cally rec ei ved . :F r om the f i rs t to the las t >- the audi enc e followe d the play wi th deep i nt ere s t , the pl ayers rec e i v ed des erved ovati ons . I t was a delightful evening , one long to be r emembered . '!i ndi ngs tad l,fargar eth Ols e n fl Werner Harn.mer As t r i d Fj el de . 118 . �117 . The New York C ommi t t ee cho s e t o s tart the ir c e l ebra t i o n on th e 9th clay of O c to b er , the dat e of the arriva l of the R e s t oure. t i onen in the Harbor of l1J ew Yo rk , a hundr e d years p r evi ous . .:;,/i:('r t b egan by the pr es e n tat i On o f a play , " The ''oun tai n Ta " , in four ac t s , wri t t en a c en tury ago by H . . Bj erregaard p a nd c o n ti nued fo r s eve ral day s , v1i th a splendi d an d vary i ng progre.m . Ti den de wri t es : - O.f the C n t ennial Pla,y , the No rdi sk " 'l'h e v e s t ibul e s o f the .ca derny of lfu si c v,e r e c rowded at 7 o ' clock , by p e op l e v1ho des i red s ea t s to the p e rfo r­ manc e , but as the hous e had been s o l d out . only standing room remained to b e had � Li tt l e by li tt l e , the the curtain was re.i s e cl , al l thc.t was r ep res en ta t iv e of .N o rs e -Ame ri cans in New Yo rk , Brooklyn , Nevi Jersey , and Bron:x , were p r e s ent . The Boxes were o c cup i e d by a large number of d is ti ngui shed gue s t s . le me nti o n , at random : :Mi ni s t e r an d J,trs . li .H . B� e.nd daught ers , th e Rt . Rev . B ishop J . c .P e t e rs en Chri s t ens en . C onsul Gene ral Hans Pay an d Vi c e C onsul Presi dent Wefring and members of the S t a r t i ng , i es s rs . B ergen s e n and Sundby . hi s s B o thn e . Pro f . Gi s l e Bo thne and l'Ir . Chr , O l s en r Chi cag o , I ll . 11.r . an d �- rs • . N . Rygg , 1J.: rs . Gudrun Lo chen Dr evrnen , Uni t e d S t at e s Rep r e s e ntat iv e O . J . Kval e , - :r . , . ] . S elvig and o the rs Prec i s e ly at 8 P . E . > lir . h ndi ngs tad , Conduc t o r of the Orche s tr , en t e red � e.n d th e f e s t ive. l began .. The Orche s tra fi rs t play e d JohE.n Svends en ' s Rhe.p s ody No . 3 , �t:>c1.tur dc,Y , O c to b e r 1 0 th , c ame wi th st o rm and chi l ly 120 . weather � An e laborat e pr ogram had b e en p repar ed bo th fo r the af t e rno on an d ev en ing a t the 7 1 s t R egiment Armory . The we�th e r ; howev e r , d e s troy e d s omewhat the aft e rno on at t endanc e , but did no t damp en the sp ir i t of the audi enc e o r s peaker s . CENTEHHIAL � I n C ommemorati on o f the 1 J.: orwegi e.n Immigrat ion to Ame r i c a , y ear eight e e n hundr e d an d t�enty-f i v e , at the S eve nty-fi rst Reg iment rmory � 34th S t r e e t an d Park venue , New York C i ty , Saturday , O c to b er 1 0 , 1925 , 3 P . 1 . --_:;;c_�---'"---=--------�-=====-<==---r-----71 A FTE R N O O N P R O G R A M . . . B a nd o f 100 Pieces 1-M USIC SELECTIOI\" . RT . REV. J. C. P ETERSEN, B ishop, of Stavanger, Norway 2-J NVOCATIO ' 3-A WORD OF WEl,COM E . . . MR. FRED W E R N E R, President Norwegian-American Centennial Committee . L a nding of L E 1v EIRIKSSO N , the discoverer of A merica, in the year 1000 +-TABLEAUX . ........................ 5-MUSIC SELECTION . . . . . . . . . . . B and 6-TABLEAUX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . arri v a l of first immigrants ftom Norway in New York, in the year 1825 7-ADDRESS . . . . . . . . . HoN. H ELM E R H. BRYN, M i n i ster from Norway to the United States . . . . I-I ON. ALFRED SM ITH, Governor of New York 8-ADDRESS 9�SBR SPA NGLED B A N l\1 ER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ . . . . Sung by the A ud i ence-B and . . . . AsTRI ELLISON-Christian Schiott at the piano 1 0-VOCAL SOLOS . Nor wegian Singers of G reater I ew York-Ole Wind ingstad, Conductor l l-SELECTION S . . Norwegi a n Athl etes ( Arr. by M r. Thorw a l d H ansen ) l 2-TABLEAUX 1 3-MUSIC SELECTION . . . . . . B and The Todd Shipyard C o rporaiion has graciously placed its band at the Com 111itte.e's disposai. F n tire program will be broad casted _fro m Station ff/ R N Y �1 21 . The C ent ennial C el ebration at S t . Pa ul -Minneapo l is had Pre s i dent C o o li dg e , ilini s t er Bryne , Ha mbro , O f t edahl . Bi shop Lund e , St ang an d o thers in at t endanc e . New Yo rk had : linist er Bryn e , Bishop P e t e rs en , 1� . Wef r ing , C on sul Gen eral Fay , an d , � ,-.. C Ro ald Amunds en and Linc oln Ell swo rth o Aft er a sho rt we lc ome addre s s by the Cha irman o f the C ent e nnia C ommitt e e , Mr . ]'red Werner , th e audi enc e was bid welc ome by Hr . Jul ius .Jil le r , vrho sp oke f o r Go vernor Smith . The Church of No n�ay s ent as its sp e c i al rep r e s en t ative to the C en t ennia.l in New York , th e Rt . R ev . J . c . Pe t ers en , newly created Bi shop o f S t avanger . I t was thi s Bishop who wa s conse crat e d to the high of f i c e on Sunday June 7 th , at th e an c i en t c athe dre,l of S tavanger , and who , in his s e rmon that da,y , so f i t t ingly r ene:nb ered th e C ent ennial at S t . Paul-lf�nneap o l i s , th en in p ro gr e s s . Li t t l e did he th ink at th e t ime , that we . s c arcely five mo nths henc e , should par t i c ip at e in the last of u s erie s of C entennial Fes tivals he l d thro ughout the Unit ed S tat es . Bishop Pet ers en � the next Sp eak er , addr e s s ed the gath ering in the f ollowing wo rds : " I t is a great p l e asur e for me t o s tand fac e to f ac e w ith s o many o f my c o unt rymen this s i de of th e o c ean . s prang vre from the same rac e . All If we go back a c entury , we shall find that vr e ha.v e th e s ar.1e fo refath ers and like tre.di t ions . I t is j u s t one hundred years ago that we divided in to two branch es • But , what becomes of the bran ch if i t i c s ev ered f rom the trunk? I t i s j u s t this r ealizati on that has c r eat e d the C ent ennial f e s tiva ls ov er he r e . +n No rway , �122 .. t o o , we hav e c e l ebra t e d the C ent enni al , j o i ne d by vi s i t o r s fror ov e r he r e 1 b ecaus e we hav e come t o r eal i z e that th e two branch es b e long t o g e th e r The growth e,nd s t r ength of one i nc r e as e s the p owe r of the o th e r . do w i thout each o ther . We ca�not The }:orv,ay that Lmmi g rat ed has ma de the No rway that s t ay e d at home a great e r and r i cher p e opl e . This c entury , duri ng whi ch i mmigrat i o n f ro m Norway to Ame ri ca has b e e n go ing on , has i n rna ny way s b e en a :remarkabl e C entury i n th e hi st ory o f the homelan d . No rway , t o o , has made wo nderful progr e s s duri ng thi s t ime . It s e ems a s th ough hi dden p owers hav e b e en r e l ea s e d si nc e the l i b erati ng wo rk o f 1 814 to ok p la c e . Tha t work in i t s e lf was They had in reali ty a p r o of of th e vi ri l i ty of the p eo ple . b e en pr epar e d f or t he avraken i ng f o r some ti me .. Not the lea. s t do e s lforv,ay owe i ts awaken i ng to the spiri tue,l labo r s of Han s :Nils en Haug e an d the c ount ry-wi de reviva l that f o l l owed up on hi s 8.pp earanc e an d s i nc e that t ime , No rway has p r o ctu c ed e. long l i ne o f p r omi nen t me n i n al l the vari ous branch e s of s c i enc e , cul ture and l earni ng . Some hav e won wo rld r enoun . o f Po e t s : - B e s t knovrn i s the l ong li s t Vferg e land , We lhave n , Bj o r ns on e,nd I b s en , Li e 2,nd Ki e lland , Ge.rborg and Hamsund . O l e Bull , E dvr . Gr i eg , Johan Svends en . l so our great c omp o s ers : Pa int ers like T i deman and Gud e , Chr . Kr ogh , Thoul ovr , V'erenskj ol d , G e rhard Uunthe an d othe r s . S culp t o r s like . Sindi ng and Vigeland o li ke � Ab e l the Uatherne..ti cian , S o fu s Li e . P . A . 1.tunch . .Jur i s t s like : .Johan Sver drup . c ien t i s t s ofus Bugg e , c hw e i gaard , Fr ede ri ck S t oug 2.nd Expl o rers l i ke N�u s e n and Roald unds en . I n the church wo r l d ,. to o , they hav e had many men of p romi s e as f o r examp l e : G i s le Johtj.sen an d ]'r e d e r i c k Pe t e rs en ; Ca spar i v,as no t bo rn i n Ho rway . �::ea nvr.hi l e_ , th e c ountry s en t out thous ands o f i t s s o n s , e sp e c i ally to the New Wo rl d � t o b e al ong t o bui l d thi s country al so . 1 23 . Among th em , t o o ,. were f ound p r omi n ent men in the vari ous f i el ds of endeavor J abl e t o tak e a pr ominent part i n th e communi ti e s i n v1hi ch they l i v ed . Esp e c i c, l ly i s thi s t rue wi th regard to the church .. Wherever we turn , we s e e what our count rymen hav e done and what they hav e b e en abl e to dr eat e of church and huma ni t ari an i ns t i tu t i o ns , an d we are fi l l e d wi th admi rati on fo r the eff i c i ency and s e lf - sacri fi c e r eve aled . re r e j o i c e al s o t o not e th& t our c ount rymen , tho ugh th ey b e l oyal and go o d ci ti z e n s o f thi s , th ei r c ountry , also r em ember o l d No rway , and that th ey have ne i ther fo rgo t t en no r are ashame d of the i r rac i al o r i gi n , even though i t hap:p ens to be a small c ountry .. That th ey , to the, c on trary , hav e di s c o vered ·that they sp ri ng from a go o d rac e , one � that in i ts f i n e s t roo t s , i s deeply re ­ l i g i ou s e.nd a mo ral rac e , who , i n many ways , has p roven i t s wi llingn e s s to f;iac ri fic e fo r the v i c t o ry of th e Ki ngdo m of God and all that i s go o d among men . For thi s reason do we J wi th tha nks to the c elebrat e thi s C en t ennial . lmi gh t y , We hav e , to day , a gree,t er e,nd b e t t e r Norway , bo th h e r e and on the othe r si d e . \I e l l may vre say vri th thE. sp o l111i s t 11 Lo rd a dw e l l i ngp lac e has fuou b e e n from gen e rati o n to gen erati o n .. endure th fo rever . Thy mercy 'l'hou do th no t d ee. l vri th us acc o rdi ng t o o ur s i ns , nor reward us ac c o rdi ng t o our ini qui t i e s .. high a s th e heaven i s ab ov e the ear th , i s Hi s mercy great ov er th em th at f ear Him . Thi s i s th e day that th e Lard hath ma de . j o i c e an d make glad on i t • 11 Let us r e­ As �1 24 . Pray e r : Teach us t o thank and p rai s e Thee and nev er to f o rg e t Thy many mer c i e s . Fo rgi v e us al l o ur s in s and help us alwe,ys to walk in Thy ways , and to be Thy chi l dr en , by fai th i n Thy Son , our lo rd Jesus . Hay '!'hy gra c e an d b en edi cti on r e s t up on us . t..h.:i =.--f'o o. + :i n_c:.; l Bl e s s als o .. ��- v i f_h_p��it,-1T1.Jn = Yl R--tle and t o Thy__h.o.-n Ll �Mr. Chairman, Lafusand Gen tle• ship • . �nctoub tedly • t h e _Pn �cipl �s I Government of th e United S tates o f r ehg10us freedo m re i gn m g m i me n : n adopting laws wh ereby the t� e new count r� from t�e begi nCome h t by sked was offer ed as a gift t,o a been I have mng of th e Englis h co lo mzation of public land _ anyone , nat ive b o rn o r foreigner mittee to say a few words i n the I Virgm l a and Ma �y and• t h 0 fir St without di stin ction , wh o wanted to English language . It is a great one P �oteStant wit h fr e ed o m f r I � � cultivate it and make his h ome pleai::ur e to me to comply. with the C thohcs : the latter on e Cr• th011 c reque st of t he C ommittee. I h ave wi�th free dom f or Pro estanis, has I there . Th e se laws, called Ho me­ stead Jaws, are unique in the world. been ent ruete.J with th e h onor of exercised a great i: fl�ence in · No other govern m ent, bas ever _ representing the Norwegian Gov· breakin g down t h e r en_ ligi o us i t o� given away such immense lan ds. _ ern men t at this impo rtan t occa- lera c m Norway, a n d c reatmg n_ � I ndee d, No rway h as ampl e reason And, ind eed, it is a very 00ndi s i on . t ons of co mple t � freetlom o f � to be grateful t o t he· U n ited States great hono r, consid ering th e h igh w ors h ip • Norway is t here :ore . for th e favo rable con ditio n s of. mark s of attention which have greatly rnd e bted t o th e Um t ed fered t o Nor�egian farmer immib een shown No rway an d Nor- Sta tes on this score. grants . wegians from th e h ighest authori· ( We would bo·,,·ever make a mis, ties of this co untry ; the stamp of Anoth er :11ducement tv immigra­ take if we presume t ha t craving . o fficial approval i s th er eby put o n tion was offered by the free social religious for waJ m o d ee fr s ha ai.ld e th of tion a lebr e c th e centenn ial c on ditio n s of the. New Wo rld. The One been th e only i n centive to t he No r­ immigration. Norwegian p easantry of No ;·way bas always passed wegian immigrat i on. Already a n ow h undr e cl ye ar s bas c ons i ste d of p e rso nally free men . I n h u n dred years ago re ports c ame to s in ce t h e g o od s hip "Res tauratlothe clays of th e Viki n gs we h ad Norway about t h e ri c h opp o r t un­ w e N of harbor nen'' arrived i n the main ly captives so me thralls, i t ies o f the New World and t h e se York bringing over t he first Norbrough t home from foreign coun· wegian immigrants i n a body, Since r e port s h ave con tinued to co m e in tries by lh e Viking chi eftains. Th ey then thousand s and tho�san ds of until this day, and we hope t hat w ere n ever n umerou s and servitude ·, Norwegi an s have j o ined he m h ere, they will never cease. ceased in Norway with th e end of · so that__t!10 N'or,�egian p opulittio n � Th e Norwegians are an agricul­ the Viking age. In the m iddle age I in America is now ab ou t as n umer· tural peo ple and w h at they long for whe n serfdom was so c ommon in . ous as in Norway. It i s t here fore more than anything else is t·o be­ Euro pe, Norway bad already go t easily unders tood thi t the Norwe- 1 come owners of the land they cul­ rid o f thi s humiliating c ondition I gia n immigrati on to the · U n ited tivate,-m ost of t h e people that of man.' But notwithstan ding the States has been of gr ea t import- came on the "Re staurati onen" we re fact tha t all Norwegians for ance, a nd not o nly to the i ndivid- farmers and they se!.tled •lown i n h undreds of years h ave b een free ual persons directly concerned an d Kendall C oun ty i n th e S tate of I m en, there exis ted i n Norway a their families, but a)s o to th e , New York. T h e first No rwe gian great dist in ction between the dif­ ' governm ents og both c ou n tries. 1t I colony in thi s country s;::- ce the feren t classes oC the pe ople, we is n o w a befitting time to re view da ys of the Vil{ings wh··\ ''. Nr,rway h ad a ki nd of caste syste m. Wo rd th e mutual r ela tions thus c reate d for three hundred years l! , · '. settle· came from Am e rica that th ere were me n ts here, was t h us foundPd i n no cas tes h er e, all • p e ople· were between our co untries. The object that the m en and I th e State where we n ow h ave equal h ere. The labo rer did n ot ! gathered t o commemorate the be• n eed to take hi s h at off when be e h oa 1 ginn i ng of the No rwe gian im :migra­ met his b oss. � � :� : �� :� ::�i:n; b w te ;:;:u -: ti o n. From t h i s ;;mall bl·!!i nning tain, was freedom of religion . T hey In all direct ions, th e Norwegian b e longe d to the Soci ety o f Frie nds th e Norwegilr n farmer immip;rants immigrants h ave b een given equal h ave spread over t he whole N o rth a nd in Nocway tLen wa s not at West and ta ke n an importa n t part oppor tunities with t he natives of th at time m uch freedom of. wor• in t h e con que st of t hese vas t t er, th is country. They have sl•ared s hip. If a man who was not ->r• ritories for h uman activi t ies. Th ey wit h th em on equal t erms wit h 1·e­ dai ned a� :: min i st er iG. rh'.'l Sta te gard t o publi c offices . Norwegians ha ve t urn e d the wild e rness of Wi s­ C h urch , dared to pr each the G o spel consin, Minn esota, I owa a n d the are n umero us in all branch es o f ·in public, be rislrncl t o be drawn th e Admi ni stration, i n t h e Courts, two Dakotas i nto fi eld s o f wheat, i n to pri son. O n e of the bes t s01rn an d i n the L egislative bodies of the furni sh e d bread f o r millions and of Norway, bis n ame was Hai:s different Sta tes as we ll a s in the Nielsen Hauge, was puni sht;d with millions of p eopl e , a nd for them· F ed eral Congress. Full con fidence 1 a long priso n te rm for th is crim e. selves • t hey have created happy h as been pla ce d in t hem as go o d I No w onder therefore that the small homes and a, sound and firm basi s y e Th . s State cit iz ens of th e United co mmun ity of Quakers at S�avan­ for the future of th eir d escendants. I ger gras ped t he opportunity to However t h ey could not have d on e f m o ve over to t hi s country where th is if I t had not 11een for the wi se th ere was complet e freedom of wor- policy of the Con gr ess and t he �1 24 . Prayer : _j Teach us to thank and p raise Thee an d never to fo rget 'fhy many mercies . I'orgive us a1 1 our s in s and hel p us alwe,ys to vralk in Thy ways , an d to be Thy childr en , by faith in Thy Son , our ord Jesus � Ua;y Thy grace an d benediction rest upon us . thi s festi val . Bles s also I:iE,y it be done i n Thy n ame and to Thy honor .. : ~ay we never forget , that unless th E; J,ord buil deth the house, they labor in vain th c.t buildeth thereon . If Thou do th not watcl'l the City, the gua rdsmen watch i n ve.in . �Tay vie a lue.y s be before Thy countene.nc e, in th e 1fa.me of Jesu s, A.'TI.en -. " However, the prin iipal speake r of the eft ernoon was His .Excellency, H . H . B ry n, " inister from 1:orwa, Un i ted States , vrho spoke as fo llow s : - to the �� have never been dlscclminated against. There has never been any reason for complaint on the part of the Norwegian Government with regard to the manner in which the Norwegians in this country have been treated by the legislative, ad­ ministrative or jud icial authorities, or by the public. This speaks highly of the good, favorable and sound conditions obtaining here, and it is natural that the Norwe­ gian Government looks with favor upon Imm igration to this country, as long as Norway cannot keep all her children at l1c,me. I have a special message from the King of Norway and from the 1 Norwegian Government to all of Norwegian origin who p articipate in these fest ivities, and I think it appropriate that this message be I extended to you ht the Norwegian language. 125 . addr e s s , abl e e.nd i l lumi nat ing , ' e d .. I t was e gr eat hono r , ras own the, p eop le .&..t : �r . :Bry n fo und time t o pLrt i cipat e i n ..e. D l eav.s were sho n , rep r e s enti ne the II • ndi ng of the Rest ou rat i on en11 arrival i n a Vtking Ship . , e,r: d J,i;iv E i riks s on ' z Th e p o rtrai al w�s eyc e ll e nt and art i s ti c i n every "Tc.,y .. T o _.·e s s rs . Chr.i. s t i E..n .Schio t t a .d Edvrard Fo ls tad go e s th$ c r edi t fo ::.-- thi c.rt o � t. .l. • pr oe;ran. . B e z i d e s the a1,ove n !l ti on e d . th e r e was s ingi ng by the Uni t ed S o c i e ti e s , und e r th e di re c t i on of O l e Wi ndings tad ; E V EN I N G P R O G RAM 8 : 1 5 P. M . I -OPENING ADDRESS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M R. FRED WERN ER, President o rwegian-Ame rican Centennial Committee . . . . Landing of LE IV EIRIKSSON, the d iscoverer of America, in the year 1000 2-TABLEAUX . . . T-ioN. WEFRI NG, President of the Norwegian Congress 3-ADDRESS . . . Arriv a l of first immigrants from Norway in New York-year 1 825 +-TABLEAUX . 5-GREETING . . . . . . . ' . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-NORWEGIA N FOLK D A N CES . . . . . . Norwegi an Child ren-under the di rection of M r. H enrik Lund 7-SOLO DANCE "H ALLI NG" . . . . . ROALD AMUNDSEN . . , MR. H ENRIK LUND . . Norwegian Singers of Greater New York-Ole 'vVi ndingstad, Conductor 8-SELECTIO N S . 9-ATHLETIC DRILL . 10-VOCAL SOLOS . . 1 1 -NATIONAu FOLK DANCES . . . . . . . . . . . U n d e r the d irection of M r. Tho r w a l d H ansen . . ' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . D IKKA BOTHNE . . . Under the d i rection of M r. Castberg Fje l langer Chain wi of the P, gram Com m ittee : M i · Helene mtsen Tablraux arr 11ged by ,i\!Ir. Sl iott after designs ade by Mr.�<tuard Folstad. 'rot/rams arranged by M.,._ and M s. Christian Sc/ii � In dw ye of the hall: Mr. Erli 7 Clt ri.rtopher on and M r. K a rl W\ l-lagtvrdt �125 . 1-Ir . Bryn ' s e.dclr e s s , able and i l luminating , was hear t i ly r e c ei v e d .. I t was a gr eat hono r , -shown the p eo p le of New Y o rk , that :.Ir . Bryn fo und time to pc,;,rti cipat e in the f e s t iv i t i e s . S everal te.bl eaus were shown , rep r e s en t i ng the 0 &ndi ng of the Re s tourat i o nen" , an d. Lefv Eiriks son ' s arr ival in a V_i king Ship . and art i s ti c in every vray ,. Th e po rtr1:�i al wa s e:rc e ll ent To 1:Ie s s r s . Chri st i an Schi o t t a nd Ed,uard Fo l s t a d go e s the c r edi t fo r thi s art o f the pr ogram . B e s ides th e above men t i o n e d . th e r e was s ingi ng by the Uni t ed S o c i e t i e s , und e r th e di re c t i on of O l e Wi ndi ngstad ; S o l o s by J�s t r i d Ellis on , ac c ompani e d by Chr , chi o t t . The program cl o s e d by an exhib i t i on by the No rwegi an Turn S o c i ety , di r e c t ed by . r . Tho rvald Han s en . C arne th e ev eni ng s e s s i on , -wi th thE: fo l l ow ing pro grar.1 arranged : - ��- --::.:: -•:'..... ' ----------------�----------- -�------------- �12 6 . CL Five thous and p eopl e gath e red f o r the Se..turda;y evening s e s s i on of the f e s ti vi t i e s , c,n d fo l J ov.red the pr ogr;-�:m vii th enthusi asm and i nt er e s t . The f i rs t sp eak er was the r ep res entetive of the rorwegi an S t a r t i ng , Ho n . C arl . f . Vlefring v:r1;i,eee g± aet - I n e, r.1.as t eTly sp e e ch , he t rac e d tl... t: i mp ortan c e of the p i o ne ers in thei r r e l ati o n to s ub s e quent hi s to ry , end t o l d of the f e e l i ng of f r i endship and s i nc ere i nt er e s t tha, t the p-- =w; -als�--L'.'fe�t that there w:s , a fo r their k i ndred e.c ro s s mysterio us linl< between the two '? - � - - events, Leiv: Eiriksson' s voyage to -He Is Jacking no feathers. In• th e S ea Vinland and Amundsen 's j ourney deed. he has more feathers in his '..::.!!!" v--...... to the North. It was as i f the lat- • cap than any man I know of. Has Ladies and gentlemen : I he not braved all the elements? You · remem ber what happened ter w e re a natural sequence t o the Not the ordinary ones that we all on the 23rd of May. It was 8 proud former. Amunds en's journey was day for New York , when the City ,I the proof that the spirit of Leiv El- encounter. But the very fiercest .. 'New ] of go and Lelv Elriks- 1 riksson wa_s still amongst us, or as , 1:mes, the ones you have to - York gave us · j I said at the time � " Is not Roald look for, to the end of the earth. And what are the elements comson Square and celebrated its de• Amundsen the reincarna tion of pared to the force of men who op• dicatlon with a ceremony, which Leiv the Lucky ? It seemed so natural that every pose you in passive resistance? Alwas quite fitting for the occasion. so that he conquered. And he did We stood there in the warm sun- speaker mentioned Roald .Amund• something more : Not only did he light of a beautiful day and we felt sen 's name and that at last all ho}Y nature itself formed a perfect those men and women stood with I render to the Norwegians their fa ith in h i m. He rendered to them frame around this event which their heads bent in silent prayer their faith in themselves. justly filled us with enthusiasm for his safe and happy return . And And here I want to pay tribute our prayer s were beard. Now be and with pride. to the man whose name will for• But along with these sentiments is he re right among us, not only ever be coupled with · Roald Amundthere was also an undercurrent of hale and hearty, but . covered wl th I sen's in this great venture. anxiety which gripped our hearts glory from his achievements. mean Lincoln Ellsworth. He came Now I would like to tell a dlsre• all the more strongly because it forward at a time when things spectfu l story. Not because it 'is found no expression in words. just looked their dark est. And he For the 23rd of May was not on• disrespect ful, but because i t has placed a fortune in Roald Amund• ly the day in honor of Leiv Eiriks• a moral. sen's hands. He said : "T believe in While I was out in Austral ia, sill. it was also the second day afthere was a count ry hotel that you. Take _it and spend i t. I have only one condition, that I ter Amundsen and his comrades people used to flock to because the mu� tie allowed to l'lok n1y life had left on their !light to the hotel haa a bird that they all • w:anted to see. you." wl�h It was a uniqu e North. bud. It hadn' t a feather on its -=:------�� --:--:-----c--� It was difficult to realize at the What greater proof of generosity, time, in the gayness of the celebra• . back, but it could talk. And it. used I vision and courage could any man to flap and call out : "I'll fly ! I'll and crowds tion, with the festive have than Lincoln E'llsworth ? He y My God, I 'll fly ! " That the fluttering flags, that anything fl ! has won our highest esteem, and seeme d to amuse people Imme ncould have befallen those brave the affection ot the whole of Norsely. But one day when the people felt all we that know I But men. way. We would have liked him re tu rned , they did not laugh any the contrast between the safe hapto speak to us tonight. But he has more. .F'or the bird had broke n I piness ot the place we had under asked to. be excused, and we will its cage. And fully fledged it our eyes, and the perilous journey abide by that. The reason he gave soared toward s the Heave ns. The of those lonesome airplanes disis so characteristic of the man and people realize d bow foolish they appearing In the mist towards dehis noble qualities, that I cannot had been. They bad not been dealsolation and the great Unknown. help repeating It to you. Ing with an old parrot, but with a young eagle." Scales have fallen from the eyes l of the World. Once more "lte see Roald Amundsen in ·his true Ught. 1 We see him as the Eagle he i s : 1 • 1 J.C. f,. ••-2J�ll9; ,;&ll.r.l,·-,-.;.:__,;J r111111 ;;:_ �126 . Five thous and p eopl e gath e red f0r the Saturda:y even ing s e s s i o n of the fe s t i vi t i e s , a,n d fo ll o,ued the pr ogrE.rn wi th enthu s i asm and i n t e r e s t .. Th e fi rs t sp eak er was the r epres entative of th e No rwegi an S t o r t i ng , Ho n . C arl . W . Wefri ng vrl:J.oae �reet - ing fraw tb e p'iopJ e of lihor:rua.y wafiii In a mas t e Tly sp e e ch , he trac ed the imp o rt an c e of the p i o neers in th ei r re lati o n to sub s e quent hi s to ry , and t ol d o f the f e e l i ng of fri endship and s i nc e r e i nt er e s t that the p e op l e o f No rvray held fo r thei r k i ndred a.c ro s s the s ea .. He al s o r e ad a me s sag e (lformands forbundet ) f rom the No rs emen ' s League c o nvey i ng b e s t of gr e e t ing s from thi s Int erna t i onal O rgani zn t i o n . 11r • Wcfring ' s G pe e ch an d tli e gre et ing s are found o n pag e • Pa,ndemonium br oke lo o s e wh en th e ne:r.:t sp ec.le e r app ear ed about 9 P .M . , fo r i t wa s no ne l es s than No rway ' s famous s on , Roald Amunds e n , c i t i z en of the wo rl d . Mr . Amundsen vm s i n tro du c ed by C onsul General Ha.n s Fe.y "in the f o ll o wi ng sp e ech : - 0- �127 VT.hen Consul Gen eral Fay men ti oned the name of Ellswo rth , th e au di enc e re fu s e d to come to o rder bef o re tlr . El lsv:o rth tog eth er wi tr: l i_ n i s t er Bryn had r1ount ed the platfo rm en d acknowl edged their app laus e . Then spoke �unds en : Fir s t of hi s h eartf elt re c ep ti o n he re i n New Yo rk , then of the No rs e p eople i n , eri ca . he sp oke of hi s expi ui ti ons and of hi s i ndebt ednes s an d grati tude t o hi s 11 :1e ri can c ompani on . Ur . Ell sworth . V/e are e.bo ut to s t art again" , said 1 mnds en � and the mc,n who hc.s me.de the 11 I �t e r , �'Yv� _; n ew eff ort p o s si bl e i s Linc oln El lsvro rth .. 11 That c ontinuous e.pp lause g r e e t ed 1 ·r . Amunds en ' s r emarks i s eas i ly unde rs to o d . Aga in th e cho rus sang " O laf Trygvas on" , lat er on " Prayer" and S o lo i s t . fi nnl ly II Varde 11 1rri th Morton She rde.hl as 1 · s s Dikka Bo thne al s o sang s everal s ol o s . d..,w.J. Th e offi c ial p rogre.m c e.ne to c.n end v:i th u1 dn e1: by th e Turners A., end f i m,,,l ly a sp o rt tabl eau , in vrh i ch s evere.l nati onal ly �nown sport smen t o ok pa rt . 11 Ygdras i l � a S o c i ety f o r the prcs ervet ion of n�. t iv e ple.ys c.nd. cLo.nc e s , c l o s ed th e p r ogram v,i th an ey.hi b i ti o n of Hati ve lJ orvregi e.n Danc e s . in n�tive c o s tune s . fr The p arti c ipant s were t?.11 a t t i r ed Ee refers to t e l'ror ge _ f li gh t � ' f/ 14 , �128 Cen tenn ial J ubilee Service) S u nda y , October J 3 . 3 0 P. M . Brookl y n Academ y of M u si c 1, 1 ' • • • • • • • • • • • • . . . . . . . . : . . RT. R EV. I NTRO DUCT ORY A D DR ESS . . . . . · · • • • • • . J. NORD BY eran Ch urch of A m erica Bish o p of East ern Distr ict, Norw egian Luth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rr. R Ev. SERi\10N . . . . . . . . . · · · . • • · • • • • • • • • • • • J. C . PETE RSEN of t h e Chur ch of Norw ay Bish op of S t avan ger, Offic ial R epres entat ive SON . . . . . . . • • • • • • • • • • R EV. H E LMER H A LVOR A LTAR S E R V I C E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RENC E J. M uN :O N • M i ss _ F �RD'E will The Singi ng will be di recte d by M R . LAW . • · O rde r of Servi ce wi l l be d1str1 buted a t d rinte P • Free 0n miss1 • Ad . rgan . O e h t p resid e at ved at entra nce to the Acad emy. the door . A Silve r Offer ing will be recei The .r1. cademy of IJus i c vms fi l l e d to cepe. c i ty fo r the C ent enni al Jubi l e e S ervi c e , Sunday e.f t e rno o n , O c t ob er 1 1 th . Among sp e ci.a l gu e s t s pr e s en t �e r e : Hi ni s t e r and Hr s . Bryn , C a.p t . Amunds en , H o n . C arl lefri ng , Li n c o l n El lswo rtt. , C o nsul Gene ral Fay , � e s srs . B e rg er s e n and Sundby , P.ai l road C o•·:mi s s i o n e r 0 . P .B . Jac ob s e n , C o ngr e s sme.n Koe.l e an d o th e rs . The servi c e b egc.n by an o rga.n p r elude by :1r . Le.wr en c e J . .:..iuns on , af t e r wh i ch th e audi en c e , l e d by a. la.rge cho ru s , sang the hymn 1 0 G o d o f .u!er cy Ri ch and II The o f fi c izt i ng c l ergymen , ee ch o ne rep r e s en t e d a part o f No r s e- e r i c an hi s t o ry . The Rt . Rev . J . Nordby , t' � o f th e Ea s t ern Di s t r i c t of the l orw egi an Luth eran Chur ch o f Ame ri ca , r ep r e s en t ed the :No rs e-Ameri can p i o ne e r churchme n an d th e church a t larg e . Bi shop No r dby , born i n No rvray , ha s b e e n a p as t o r i n the Ame r i can church f o r f i f t�r y ears . The Rt . R ev . Bi shop J . C . P e t e rs e n ca.r.1c t o us fr om No rway . He was th 0 ffi c i 2.l R epres en t� t i v e of the No rvregi a n Church . Rev . Helne r H� lvo rz en rep r e s en t ed the . e ri c an b o rn �129 ]trentguhntjeuenteu S0_NDAG DEN 1 1 . OKTOBER 1 92 5 PR..iELUDIUM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hr. LAWRENCE J. MUNSO � 0 Gue:, af Naade rig o.g stor, Send os din Aaud, hjrelp, at dit Ord Fra 0re saa ti! Hjerte gaar, At Liv og Lys der­ af vi faar ! ota . He oklyn , and the Jubi l e e Det Liv, ·om er den sande Tro, At ,·i li\"Sfa st med Kristo gro ; Det Lys af Kjr.erliglwd, hYorpaa Vi for hans Ven­ ner kjendes maa. Gj¢r ved din .A.and, o Herre kjrer, Vi komme dig alt mere nrer I Kjendskab, Kjr.erlighed og 'l'ro, 'l'il vi faa evig Sabbats-Ro ! s bas e d on INTI::v.l:ATIONSTALE KOLLEKT OG EPI'STEL Kirken den er et gammelt Hus, Staar, om end Taarnene falde ; Taar­ ne fuld mange ·ank i Grus, Klokker end kime og kalde, Kalde paa Gammel og paa Ung, Mest clog paa sjrelen trret og tun.g, Syg for den evige Hvile. Vi er Guds Hus og Kirke nu, Byg­ get af levende Stene, Som under Kors med .rerlig Hu Troen og Daaben forene ; Var vi paa Jord ei meer end To, Byg­ ge clog vilde ban og bo Hos os med bele sin Naade. Herren vor Guel vist ei bebor Huse, som Hrender mon bygge, Arke-Paulu­ net var paa Jord Kun af hans Tempel en Skygge, Selv dog en Bolig under­ fuld Bygde ban sig i o af Muld, Rei­ ste af Gruset i Naade. Samles vi kan da med vor Drot Selv i den laveste Hytte, Finde med Peder, cler er godt, Tog ei al Verden i Bytte, Aand er og Liv i allen Stuncl Ordet til os af Jesu Mund ; Ordet kun bel­ liger Huset. Give da Guel, at bvor vi bo, Altid, naa r Klokkerne ringe, Folket forsam­ les i Jesu Tro Der, hvor clet pleied at klinge : Verden vel ei, men I mig ser, Alt hvad jeg siger, se, det sker ! Fred vrere med eder alle ! PRhJKEN Naar Jesus kommer ind i Landet Og fanger Folket med sin Magt, Og alle Hjerter have sandet Hans Ord, og gjort med ham sin Pa.gt, Da blir <'ler l:vsteligt at bo I Herrens Fred og stille Ro. Naar Jesus kommer - kjrert at sige, Der blir et gnnske andet Liv, Et sandt og elskeligt Guds Rige Hos Smaa og Store, Mand og Viv, Og Kjrerlighed og Himlens Haab Alt vecl Guds .A.and og Ord og Daab. KOLLEKT FOR ORDET OG VELSIGNELSEN Guel signe vaart dyre Fedraland O.g lat det som Hagen bl¢ma ! Lat Iysa din Fred fraa Fjell til Strand Og Vet­ ter fyr Vaarsol r¢ma ! Lat Folket som Broder saman bu, Som Kristne det kann seg s¢ma ! Og Norig det ligg vel Ian.gt i Nord, Og Vetteren varer lenge ; Men Ljoset og Livet i ditt Ord Det ingen kann setja Stenge. Um Fjellet er h¢gt og Dalen trong, Ditt Ord beve claa sitt Gjenge. Vaart Heimland i Myrker lenge laag, Og Vankunna Ljoset gj¢ymde. Men Guel, du i Naade til oss saag, Din Kjrerleik oss ikkje gl¢ymde : Du sencle ditt Ord til Norigs Fjell, Og Ljos yver Lanclet str¢ymde. No er clet i Norig atter Dag Med Vaarsol o.g Song i Skogen. Um Sredet enn gror paa ymist Lag, Det brydder claa etter Plogen. So signe daa Guel det gocle Saad, Til G,.oren ein Gong er mogen ! STILLE B 0 N OG TAK POSTLUDIUM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FRK. AGNES F0 RDE Festprmkenen holdes av biskop J. C. Petersen, biskop i Stavan ger. Intimationstalen holdes av biskop J. Nordb y , Deerfield, Wis. Altertj enesten forrettes av pastor Helmer Halvorson av Zions norsk-lutherske Kirke, Brookl yn , N. Y. s , th e economi cal ly , �n Luthe ran gernumb er �ea.son to :; s ea r e j o i c e )ff i c i c 1 Dy :pra yi ng rr . B:2.lvo rs en , ; . et e rs e n , L7 , 3 :. - ,w '.fhe e , Jesus Chri s t . 11 l " ft , 3y the and gift �129 g enerati ons of o ur p eo p l e , bei ng. bo rn i n J.Ii nn e s o ta . He i s at p r es ent s erv i ng Z i o n Ijuthe ran Chur ch , Br ooklyn , e.nd thus rep re s en t e d the l o c al chur che s as well , at the Jubi l e e S ervi c e . Bi shop ll o rdby gav e the int roduc t o ry addr e s s bas e d on th e 1 26 th Sai d he : salm of Davi d . 11 The Lor d ha:;; do ne gr eat thi ng s fo r us , th e for s e - r.1e ri ce.n p e op l e thes e �undr ed ye2.r s . bo th e c onomi ce.lly , p ol i ti c al ly and sp i ri tually . Church was e r e c t ed i n 1 844 . The fi r s t l. o rwegi an Lutheran Now , we hav e a larg ernumb er of chur che s t han ther e e.re in l, orway � le h2.v e r ea s on to r e j o i c e , an d vre knovr that our kindred a c r o s s the s ea r e j o i c e vri th us . Thi s i s evi dei:. c e d by the p r es en c e of Off i c i c..l Gue s t s to thi s C entenni c.l J.' es t iv�-.1 � " Ee c l o s e d by p ra y i ng C o d ' s b le s s i nc up on No rwE.y , i t s Ki ng and p eopl e . Tbe .'0. t e r S ervj. c e wa.s then c o nduc t ed by Rev . lfa.lvo r s en , aft er vrhi ch the audi enc e s ang that mighty hymn : ' Bui l t on a Rock , th e Chur ch E ' en thou .� t empl e s are fall i ng � The s ermon v 1 as p r eache d by the Rt . R ev . J . C . et e r s e n , Bi shop of t> t avanger . He to ok as hi s t ext John 17 , 3 � - " Thi ;i i s lif e et ernal , th f.t th ey shoul d ·k now '.fhe e , the o nly t ru e Go d and Hi m , wh\ Thou di d s t s e nd , Jesus Chri s t . " Sai d the Bi shop : " The s t ronb e s t i ns t i nc t i n m:.n i s t..:�. r�t of 1 · rt , and thi s i n s t i n c t i s given m,n by the li ving Go d . By the g ift �13 0 . of li f e f o l lo�e d the d e E l re to live , and G od h�s at t a ch e d Hi s gr e2.t e s t promi s e to this des i re ! " 1'hou shal t l i v e . " thi s an d thou sh2..l l liv e . " 11 I l i v e an d y e shs.1 1 l i v e 11 11 Do • Death i s a wo rd c o up l e d wi t h pun i shment and j udgment . The li f e vri th 11hi ch Go d has e n dovred us hc. s b e en l ef t en t i re ly in o ur o vrn hands . gre at chall eng e p rob lem . at ta i n l i f e .. I t i s a grea t gi f t , bu t al s o the We vrerc given li f e th a t we mi ght We hc.ve b e e n endov:e d wi th fs.cul ti e s and po s s i bi l i t i e s cap a.bl e of dev el opmen t an d expr.n s i on . me e.ns b /rhi ch t o a c co mpl i sh thi s has c?.l s o b e e n provi de d . 1 I t is to b e f o und ri ght h e r e o n thi s ee,rth .. e·a rth11 The • of l i f e .. " Subdu e th e We , our s elve s , mu s t f i nd the way to the f ountai ns Vlhen we fi nd th e s e f ount ai ns , our li v·e s grov; and d ev elop e,nd we b e c ome s t ro ng , ;n1it vigo rous and happy .. li f e and hnppi n e s s bel o ng to g ethe r . :B'or I s i t no t s uch a j oy that has brought u s to thi s f e s tive.l t od2ay ? The s e fi ft y p eop l e , who lan de d he r e O c to b er 9 th , a hundr ed y ears ago , c an t ruly b e li ken e d unt o a li fegerrn tha,t s ought fo unt a i ns f o r a ri cher a.nd s t ro nger li f e t em­ p o rar� an d spi ri tug l ly .. The s e fevr p e rs o n s b ec ame , s o t o sp eak , th e fo undat i on s t oc k of a vrho l e rac e , the No rs e ­ Ame ri can .. .A. heal thy , bo l d 2-nd v i ri l e p eop l e .. he r e wi th the ri ght that l i f e g iv e a on e . They ce,me We hav e r easo n to day to thank Him who giv e s bo th l i f e , the des i re to liv e , an d the fo unt ai ns o i li f e � You mu s t r i sk l i f e if you d e s i r e to at tai n li f e . They had to ri sk the i r live s , the s e p i o n e e r s who dar e d the wil d an d s t o rmy o c ean o n a fra.:i,.l bark l ike th e 11 Res tourat i o nen 11 • Lat er o n , they ha d to s t rai n eve r y mus c le in o rder t o bui l d a home fo r th ems elves i n the new lan d . Wriat a t erribl e s truggl e f or exi s t anc e th ey hc. d tho s e early i:nmigrant s � Jet , i t we.s �13 1 .. no t a hop e le s s an d endles s s t rugg l e . They s ow e d e.nd ha.rve s t e d and l i t t l e by l i tt l e th ey subdued th e Ee.s t � Whe re b efo re , only the si gh of the wi nds was heard i n th e dark fo r e st , or th e c ry o f wil d b e 2.s t s ; vr 1 e r e o n e saw onJ y th e endl es s prar i e s and he rds o f Buffa lo e s grazi ng o n th e s t epp i e s , one now s e e s f e rt il e farme s and p opulous ci ti e s , vrrone;ht by the th rift and i ndu s try of' the Nors e p i o ne e r . We , vrho r e!!l ai ned i n 11 o rwe.y i gri ev ed when we s ex: s o many of our c ount rymen l ower thei r t e nt s , • s e l l out and , shaki ng th ei r c ount ry ' s so i l off thei r f e e t , l eft fo r a fo rei gn land . O f t en the o l d fo lks w e r e l eft to sp end th ei r las t day s i n l o ne s omn e s s . The young peopl e l e ft one by o n e , as if s t ri c ken by a f ever . But , when t o day , e,f t e r a c entury , we b eho l d wha t has b e en do ne , bo th he re end i n the o ld lan d , the n bow we b ef o re Him " vrho gu i des the f o r tune s of' c. p eopl e and say : 11 Hi s thought s ar e hi gh er than our thought s and Ri c ways hi gh e r than our ·ways .'' Hi s me rcy en dureth fo rever .. He hcls hc.d thought s of peac e , as r egards th e p eopl e of lTorv,ay , ev en in the ma t t er of imrii gm:ati on � I t i s He vm.o ha th i n o t i l l ed the rovi ng sp i r i t i n th e hear t s o f the ll o r s emen . l t i s th e r e from time irnmenori2,l .. I t was no chan c e happ ening that the fi r s t Europ ean to r ea ch Vinla.n d ·was a l.fo rs eman , no r the.t th e fi r s t vrh i te chi l d to b e b o rn he re v:c:.s of ll o r,·:eci an p&.r entag e .. " The lTor s eman , he vri l l ro am ; he wi ll c e.rry s t rength to others • 11 (Bj o rns o n ) Tho s e vrho cLare d thE; voy2.ee e n the "P..estourati onen 11 �s:rr2.:1g fron nobl e si r e s .. The} ca'.ne fron Skj o l d , Tysv,i.r , 132 � • Roee lcnd en cl StLve,nc;er , .srnct vrer e des c endant s of He rders c,nd Ryg e rs , we l l known f rom the Viki ne p e ri o d i n our hi s tory . Fo r c en turi e s , th e s e p eopl e turn e d th ei r fac e s tov,ar d the wi d e • l ue b- 4u- an c.t f' rom th _ E t s ourc e e:xp e c t e d t o fi nd th e s o luti on of thE. cr eat probl em of l i f e .. gc�@ R , Thus , th e st ron£ Wes tvmrd curr ent of immiera t i on .,. no do ub t , has c::..n anc i e nt hi s to ry . I t has b e e n i n Hi s hand , vrho w i l l s i t that r-12,n shal l subdu e th e earth and nake i t hi s abo de .. I' or th i s res.s on , v.r c bel i eve that No rs e irnmigra ti o n t o thi s c ountry i s a pE.r t o f th e Almi ght y ' s plan f o r th e di s t ri but i on of manki nd thro ughou t th e ee,rth , and f or thi s r eas on , to o , 1To r s e -.b.n1e r ic e.ns c el ebrat e thi s C en t enn i e!,l vri th grat i t ude to Him , vrho do e th al l things vre l l .. G o d hLs lai d a.ovm in th e heart s of men ano th e r at tri but e c.s vr e ll , vi z . , '' l ove f o r thE:: Uat ive S o i l . 11 th e p o e t si ne; s : t rue what 0f all lan ds , Ee st or · we s t , t1.i. e hom.e l&.nd i s near e s t � heart • 1 1 11 It I t has an ap p e cil e.1 1 i t s ovrn . iL ,JJ1ong our fo refathers , thi s vras f e e li ngly p o r t r2.y e d by e, touch i ng cus t om : ­ Whe rev er they wen t , to I c E:l and , Ji' e,ro e I sl ands , Suder I sl and s , Gr e e nland , e t c .. , th ey invc,r iP bly brought along the 11 hi r;h s e at t1 sv ffm� po s t c , ::.nd ftb:; s o i l � whi ch they hi=,d � v-,.,.::r. 1 ,) � 'l'hus , th ey w er e no t e nt i r e ly s ep arat ed fr om the homel and , th ei r home s were s t i ll bui lt on nfati v e s oi l . Ad That s 2.1 '!e l ov e s t i l l �s- i n thE:: heart s of No r s emen .. Hov.r of t en , i n the qui et moments of l if e , nemo ry of home C\JJp ear s , c"', ncL one f e el s tLat th � s e e,r e ro o t s tL.:..t c anno t be s ev e red vri th.out l e e,vi ng e n ue;ly i nc ur&b l e , o und , an un�uen chab l e l onci nc . �l Z: 3 . !}.mt C Ln 1 · e t ake v1i th us ? not eno ueh .. ro t j u s t r•1 emo r i e s , t�:..E..t i ::, il o r c c n ,; P , J iJ: e our fo r efe.tLe r s , te.:: e w i t h u s so · c o .t ·�0 1·1-rLy 1 :;:' s o i l , no r th e b l u e f j o rds o r n.. c hi gh mo un t c�i ns o r the s1i1i l i n0 vd l eys . ' t Bv en i f ,;· e c o u l d t E L e th i s \:i th u s , the mo s t impo rt e.n t s t i l l r en.ai n s , v i z � , th e homo zp i :::- i t , on e thro uc� �o o d 2 d evi l fey s . the J:J Ouer tl12,t cc rri c ::; I t i s th i s sp i ri t t�Lt r e,.,2.i n s vrh en Etl l e l s e f ai l s . I n our home s , •• e 1:.r e :) l c:.. c e d ff c e t c, f c e \" i th t}ie my i=: t e r i e 8 of l i f r., : 5 oy e.n cJ. B o rrow . :B i r th 2.nr d e e.t:-: , s uc c e c P r.nd fc: i lur e , ·vr e f e e l our i mp o t en c e c.nd dep e n " e nc e . .fe f e e l our n e e d of tr. · t whi ch c on s e c r2. t e ::; C..Ll d s ::nc t if i e s our l i v e s , ::> n d th ,:.,t f o r t i f i e s e.n d c i -rr e s p ea c e in th e l: 0 1,,. r of dea t 1. le cLn trul7 sa7 th�t our mo t h er c o un t ry he s g i v en t 8 r cl1i l d r e n a n i nhe r i t an c e o:::· • imP1e£'\. su r2.bJ e V£ 1 u e t o th en v1h cn th e· ar e f -=:. c e to fLc e v,i th tl c s t e rn r e1:. JJ. ti e s of l i f e : Th6 o rel oi G o el ! 1' o t1: i s i s E. t t :2. cl, e d t h P. d e ar e s t c. 1 C:1. • 1 0 s t preci ous �e�o r i e a - e v e r s i n c e � s b � b i e s , we leE r n e d O u r Lo r d ' s Prey e r o n no tl1 e r ' s kne e . c..,t s cLo o :!. Then on th ro uc;h e2rly chi l dho o d t vir1 cn 1e v1 e r e t ouched by s t o :r i e s _· rom ho ly wr i t , c:.n d or , o n t o t ie d�y v e s t o o d i n t� e Lord 1 B =ous e an d r ep ea t e d our T o tn e ,·,o r d o i God is e. t t e. (!'. h e d ou:c I:v e , wi th the Clu-i s t me s Go sp e l ; Et. s t e r 1emo r i e s o f Chl.'i s t::.na s "o rni ne: , wi th Chur c h b e l l s chimin,e;- th e rw s se. e; e o f 2, vi c t o r i ous - orcl. Je su s .. �ll , i t i s Sunde) � , in t E hous e of Go d , ry t}1m and. vc.r i e ty .. Wi t J.Out i L , !hen vr e r e _ ie""be r c. 1 1 th i s , .t..f' t e r th� t giv e s o ur li� c l i f e , O l1 1cL b e a duJ l rno no t ony . vie i nvar i 2b ly b egi n t o s i n;· �134 . the o l d vers e : " Go d ' s word i s our herit� · e , e t c . tt Thi s sha.11 b e the ev erla s t i ng c r edi t o f the p eopl e of .N orway .. 'l'hey hc:.v e given thei r cl i l dren e. tho rough i n­ s t ruc ti or i n tl.Le rord. 01· Go d , a; .. a t�i i s shall also b e the c r edi t of thb �o� s c -N c ri ccns . You hav e saf e c;w:�rded thi s heri ta.g e . You f e lt thr,t v7h ut tl.1.e church g::w e 3rou we e , ::�f t e r Ll l , the b e s t gift tl'.. ho�el�nd gav e you . I t me c,ns e, l o t t o b e e..b le t o se..y th"' t th e hi s t ory of the Nor s e -.t'-rne ri c an Chur ch · i s the hi s t o ry of the Tor s e' ,1c ri c cn p e opl e .. Her c \Te hE_ve the profoundn e s s of thc:,t love (for ) to home and c oun try the.t G o d ha s lai d dovm i n our s oul s .. I t i n th er e to gu i d e our thoutht s t o our i nnermo s t bei ng , t o vrl.i. ere vre :mus t ro o t our s e lv e :::; i n o r der t o r e E lly l i \'" e r.nd fi nd thE,t p eLc e o f "1i n ,.l t h.:....t ,.. e d e s ir e . Our d,ur chfe.. t11 er , J1.Uf,us t in e , exp l s.i m, thi o lo r:,� i ng in 11 :T ord , mhou }-1 £ st c r eF t. e d u:::: t o Thy s e lf , e. na our h ec,rt f inds no peo:;/!. e 1 ef o re i t r e c t s i n The e . 11 ·, e f i :1 tl...e Sc,r..e thou::_;ht i n the lc t t r=> :::: t o t h e Yebrews , •. rhcn i t i 9 s a i o. 0.1 11 1'h ey �,cknovrl edg e cl thc. t t -E'Y vr nre str£., r.; c!'s r,nu. p i l crir.1s on ea,rt h . 11 land ,. I f th ey h.s.d i n i1ina th e co'.ln t!'y frorri 1 t� i ch they cl.-.L,P , tLer e was s t i ll t i 'Jt: to turn back , but th ey s e ek e, b e t t er Thi s j_ s tii c o ne .c reLt . cor.l G o d :12.�· s e t -for U l hillilc,ni ty . I t h, th e f,t t c., inr.1. ent of t: .i � ;:occ,l th £.t c r e2. t e s tL:.,t l o ne; i ng o� t:, c hur E n s0 ul , � J on.'._;i nr; thc t C"'ll o nly b e s:. t i e.n .1 E· d. y �t .:e l i v i ne: Go d , Hims e lf . 135 . I t v1e.s for thi s very r e f. s o n t:�ct God. 5_; 2. v e us Hi s own S on .. He s:i.1.2,r ecl our l ot iri tLi :; "O rl cl o f dee:,. t h th&, t }!e ... 1i cht l G t, d us i n t o li f e everlc�e t i ng .. Jesu s , Hims e lf , drE1.vrs on thi s inst i nc t o r d e s i r e i n u s t o liv e , v,J.-... e n He o in t s t o :T inS E: lf E.nd spe£,ks · thes e r e11t: r '&.b le vro rel '� : 11 I LY:l tL. e r e surre c ti on sri c' t:Le lif e . in 'e , ev en tl ouch r. e die , Ln d y e fjh&,1 1 li v e . 11 ' H e t sl:G.11 he live 1 • I live Re i s 1 i k e u:3 i n thi s ·, tha t Hi s hi c_:;he s t an d. i nnerno s t cle s i r e was .iQ. ].ivf� 11 Who ever b e li eves ,lQ. b e : E z e . I l i ve . " .le b1.1ri2,ns r. r e unc..bl e to ce.rr) t:hro ugh our wi ll to live , b e c au s e of the b o n dage of sin an d d eath ; hut , Je sus , He lmows th��t as ree;c..rds Him , d ea t:h hath n o p ov.rer .. i t to live , en d He d o e s l i v e . 1:0 V!i l l s We , o n tl.16 o the r han a , r:tey ·pi ll i t to l i v e , but vre nus t di e . For tr at r ee, s o n , our l i f e is a l i f e in c on s t cint b ondaee &n ct f ecr " e n d the fountc. i ns oi l i f e i n thi s wo r l d fai l s u s . l i s t en to �1at Chri s t says : � " Fo o n e t ak e th My l i f e c,v r::.y :f roni lie , bu t I zi vc i t o f ,,.y s e lf . Pe knovrs tlu:. t He Cf:.De b::,r l i f e i n e;_u i t e r.n o tl...er way tlle.n di d vre • .1..s th e FE tr.. e r h2.th li f e i n :Iir1S elf , s o al s o hath Ee given the d on to hc.v e lif' e in Hims e lf . He has r e c d Y e d Ei s l i f e i n sucl.1. 2, vre.y th.:., t j� e 1'1E-, 8 the foun t 2.ins of l i f e vri thin r·ims e lf ; J:.1s t b e cc.us e Hi s entrc n c e i n to thE. v:o rl cl J& S CB.u s ed by a cp e c · :: l ,. c t of Go d : 11 C oric e ive d b� th �:oly Gho s t . 11 �or thi � reE s o n , the r e lsti o n of iesus t o G o d i s e sp e ci c . l rf.'le,t i on':', hip . Ee knov;s Hir.1s e lf t o be 0 11 e 17.' .i. tn tl�e I'.: tl1P r , b e c &,us e Ee i s tht- So n , v.rh o do e s the, wi 11 of the 7a.th C;; r . l'o.c tliis rc t,s o n , t o o , !fo i s c o:ri t i n1.u�l ly surrounde , �1 36 . Det e rmi n e d e.n d se.f c t s t r o ne; arni t r eads tL e vrc..y of th e c ro s s . Chr i s t co es thro ucr� l i f e , l o oki ne f orvlf..rd f ee.r l e s s , lTev er onc e di d H e d eviz. t e e. lv a.y s to the u l t i mc.t e g o e.l . th o w_;h i t brought Eim the c r o E s from the l'f:.. th er ' :s w i l l , E,nd tLe g rav e . to s £.y : 11 H e de.r e d s e.y vrha t no ma2 has ever c�ar e d I 2.lvmy s d o � ·Y e.th cr ' s 1.: i J. l . 11 c a n c o rrv i c t 'ne of nay si n? 11 V/h o ar.1o nc y o u Thi s que s t i o n i s 2.mnv e r e d by tl o s e , vrho f o r th r e e y e a r s sha r e d Hi s f e l l ow ship , Ei s j oys an d Hi s s o rrovrs : 11 H e knew no t s i n . 11 Hi s l i f e v1&. s one of p erf ec t pur i ty , t ruth e.nd l o v e .. He li v e d the li f e e te rnal i n a p e ri sh i ng wo rl d . al to g e th e r the o nly o n e . He i s The t v� i ch s ep aret e s Him f rom all o th er s that ev er l i v e d i s , tri at He knev1 tha t He wa s the S o n and for th2. t r e as o n , th e only o n e v;ho kn evr the Fa th e r . " No on e knov,e th the 1'c�th e r but th e S o n , c=u1 c1. hir.1 t o whor1 th e S o n hath r ev e e. l ed Him . 11 Thus , i t i G o nly an exp r e s s i o n of Hi s own eY.p er i enc e wh en h e says : only t ru e G o d . " " Thi :.;; i s e t e rna, l l i f e , to know Thee , the G o el , o nly ,. wa s Hi s f ountc.i n of li f e . l i v e vri th the fath e r . I " B e ce,u s e Chri s t wa s thus p e rf e c t , i t b e c am e i mp o s s i b l e f or Him t o l i v e unto Hiris e l f s.l o n e .. 11 I t was chara c t e ri s ti c f o r . J e s us , tli&t wl:.a t Re as ked fo r Hims e lf , H e d e s i r e d o th e rs to hav e , an d b e cau s e Hi s li f e vras aJ. l for G o d , H e wan t ed i t t o b e c:�1 1 fo r men a s well . For tha t reas on , Chri s t p ro p o s e d t o b r i ng us un t o thE. Ji f e tha t vre mi ght he.v e li f e e t e rm:.l ... Ee had t o do ai.7ay vri th a l l thc.t hinders and s epa.ra t e s u s f rom tlIB fo untai n o f l i f e , G o d : Our s i n and gu i lt �13 7 . s ep�.ra t e s us from God , an d mak e s us the J? r ey o f death .. For thz. t reas o n , Chri s t ma d e i t the g r eat aim of Hi s l i f e fo r us Chi l dr e n o f Dee.th , eve n th oueh 1: e had t o gi ve His own l i f e a s a rans om . B e c aus e o f the power of Hi s e t ernai li f e , He was abl e to r e d e em men by th e sh e dd i n6 of Fi s b lo o d . Hi s r e s ur:r e c t i o n f rorn the d..ce.d i s th e s ee, l o f the :!:'ath c r up on th i s e;ree.t sa c rifi c e . s epara ti ng vral l i s no :m o re . The The r e i s a,n op en do o r to God .. The fo untain o f li f e i s ac c e s s ib l e t o a l l that , - by fai th , vrill ac c ep t l i f e . The lif e s e cur e d i s by th e d ea th and r e s urr e c t i o n of the Pri nc e of I i f e . Throue;h Rim , th e s e v10 nderfu. l. ·wo rds g e t the i r c orr e c t an d t ruthfu l s e t t ing in thi s \70 rld o f death and. d ec ay : 11 I am the r e sll r r e c t i on and th e li f e . Who s o ev er b e li ev e th i n Me , though he di e , yet she.11 he l i v e . " " I liv e an d y e shall li v e . " I f you go t o thi s fo unt a i n of · l i f e i n p ray er and fai th be li evi ng , live wi th Him in dd ly ob edi enc e to Hi s holy vrnrd , you vri ll exp er i enc e the gif t of Hi s sp iri t , the renew& l of your mi nd and will and a. n ew l i f e i n fai th o,n n l ov e . The mo r e His l o v e b e c o me s the mo t i v e p ovre r of your l i f e , the � o r e you wi ll ac tually b e l iv i ng the l i f e e t e rnal , r i gh t h e r e in e. :pas s i ng wo rl d . Per t o liv e i s to l ov e , to l ov- e G o d a nd· t thro ugh Him , our f e l low man .. Love i s th e spc�n that c o nn e c t s time wi th et e rni ty- . " God i s 1 ov e I e.nd \"l'ho s o ev er remc.,i netri. in l ov e , r e ­ mai n e th in Go d , and Go d i n him . " you know how to l i v e .. I f you know how to l ove , L e t us th en , to day , on thi s f es t ival of l i f e , s e ek Him , th e founte.i n of l i f e , the br ee. t mfr li f e , Jesu s , vrhom G o d hath e;iven us tha t vre mi ght lj v e by Iim . �1. 3 8 . The nearer vr e cone to Him , the ne ar er we are each o ther . We b e c ome , n o t only c ountrYJ11en , sp rung froril the scr.e rac e , b11t we b e c o_:ie bro the_ s a.Gd ci s t er s , chi l d.ren o f th e one e,nd s1:.me F2,thc r . The sa.ne lif e , the sa� e hop e and lov e , the s ame lo nci ne: find .,. C 0"'TIO n ,8:0 cl . Sor1e day , we shc'.1 1 i1e e t i n that honE: vri tl1 r-,e,ny mv,ns i o ns , vrr:..ere the r e sh2. l l gather p e op l e of many to ngt,e s a,nd l �,n ds , from No r th e.nd South , f ro•n :Cc'."' t s.n d Wes t , t o C e lebra t e the gre&t " L i f e Fes t ival " , i n the p r e s e c e o f G o d . J..f t er t:h c s ermon , the al t e r servi c e was condu c t e d by Rev . Halvo r s en , a.n _ th e f; e rvi c e c lo s ed by the c o ngr eg""'. t i on s i nging : 11 Go d Bl e s s our i r e c i ous ther .Lnu. . 11 By Bli)(.. to cov er E,1 1 e)_p ens e s r., of th e C ent enni al Chur ch C or.1.-rni t t e e . � The f inc,l s e s s i on , �nder the ausp i c e s o f the C e nt enni al C ommi t t e e , t o ok pl& c e in the fo rm of a b ��nqu e t , he l d SunuLy eveni ne . B2 .l:1 e2_rly o n e thous 2,n d di ners t�J.:ro ng e d the lc.re- e que t HalJ of the" S t . C eo rg e Ho tel .. CEHTErl 'I JJ B.A.1:�UE;T �un ca , O c tover 1 1 , 7 P . � . Eo t e l S t . G eo rc; e , Grr.nc, Bs,11 Ro om . Sp eakers : 1 8. ni s t er :: . F. . Bry n ; Hon . Karl ! . ilefri ng , Pr , s i oent Norvregi an Ode ls ti ng ; ,.:r . . H .P.ygc ; _rrs . G-ud.run ,ich en Drevrs e n , ; Pro f e s s o r G i s l e Il o thne , Pre s i cLent Nors e . e r .i. c 2.n C en t ermL.,l , · "' i nn e c: p o l i ::. , Minn . ; e.n d ]' red We rne r , re­ si dent .r ro r1,7 egi e.n-An1E. ri c e.r.t C en t e:rm i al , l cw Yo rk e.n d Nev Jer s ey . Solois ts : i ss s t ri d :1 j eld e c..n cl . r . �aicel S e l e c ti o ns : T o l l e f s ens T r i o . ·o r t o n 'he rdahl ► �13 9 . O rc:he s t ro. : Yorwegi an I'o lk S o ng s and Gri eg ' s P e e r Gyn t Sui t e .. To as tmas t er : Tuir . Erl ine.; Chr i s t ophers en .. Everyone in a haypy exp e c tan t mo o d , a worthy c o n­ c lu s i on of a grand und ert aking . The pro grar.1 began by the si ngi ng of the Banner 11 , II Star s Sp e.ngl e d af t er whi ch the Che.i rman o f the Commi t t e e o f Arrang euents , J :r . 0 . C . Chr i s t offer , i n trodu c e d the T o as t ­ mas t er of th e ev eni ng , _lr . E . Chr i s t o:phe rs en , who , i n turn , i ntrodu c ed as. th e fi r s t sp eaker , the Idi ni s t e r from No rwe.y to th e Uni ted S tat e s ,, Hon . H .E .Bry n , t o the a s s emble d gu e s t s . !:r . Bryn , af t e r a few r emarks ,_ pro p o s e d. a t o a s t f o r Ei s Exc e l l ency , th e Presi dent of the Uni t ed Stat e s ,, C alvin C o o l i dc e . C oncr e ssman , O . J . Kvale , r esp on ded by prcpo si ng e. toas t t o the Ki ng of No rway , Hi s :Ma j e s ty , King Haakon 7 th ... The next sp eak er , the Ho n . Carl Wefr i ng , Pre si d ent of th e'; O dels t ing 11 , a branch of the Norv, egie.n Parli ament , was the offi cie.l rep r e s entative of th e lforweg ie.n Gov e rnment to the C ent enni al . Mr . Wefri ng dv,el t on the imp o rt anc e of p r es ervi ng our :Hor s e charac t eri s t i c s , and rep eat ed the. gr e e ti ng , gi v en at the Sat urday s es s ion from the Gov ernme nt and S t o r t i ng e.nd f rom th e who l e of Jfo rvray .. The n fo l low e d , a l ong l i n e of aft er -dinn er s p e e ch e s by : C o ngr e s sman O . J . Kval e , x:r . Frank D . Wat lm2,n , Re,i l- road Commi s s i one r ; O . P . B . Jac o b s en and• Pro f e s s o r Gi s l e Bo thne ; the lat t e r two from :linnes o ta . Hr . A . N . Ryge r ead a le t t er from ;.r . J . A .Orne.n , �14 0 . Pr esi dent f o r 11 '1.'he Slo op er s " , an O rgan i za.ti on o f desc end­ ant s o f th e o r i gi nal S lo op e rs . from the J'Torwegi e.n Pre □ s He al so read a gr e e t i ng s s o c i eti on , s i gned by P rys er , Pre s i d ent , and Sal � S e c e tary � cJa ea Jiiil§'i Th e be,nqu e t _an d thus th e C en t ennia,l came to a c l o s e ,r, _ ·---fui vri th an addr e s s o f thanks to al l vrho had pa.r:rt i c ipe.t e d , I r;,,,Lt � "' t, • l'YV'I • /Al • in m ak i ng th e C en t enni al C elebrat i o n a suc c e s s . S everal t e legrans vrere r e c ei v e cl duri ng the C ent enni al F e s ti ve. ls : O s lo . God b l e s s the C en t enni al � Gre e t ing f r i e nds and kindr e d . CL A . Lars en . " Unab l e ac c ept ho nored i nvi tati on p�rt i cipa t e f e s t i val s , s end r e sp e c t ful greeti ng , hear t i es t c ongra tula ti on &nd op en &dmir a t i on o f e ndu ran c e , courag e and loye.l ty by whi ch Jfo rw egi an ­ A.me ri cans have c o n tribut ed to greatne s s o f now lee.di ng na.ti on ." Magnus Anders en . ( C ap t . 1.i£..gnu s �nders e n , Leader o f th e Vi ki ng Ship t o Chi c eugo �To rl d s I'ai r , 1891 ) O c t . 7 , 19 2 5 . Rearti e s t c ongr�t ulc:�ti o ns to th e c ent ennial c el ebrati on f rom the l�orwegi e n -.A.Tl1 er i c::m Hi s t o ri c a l As s o c h�ti on o rgani zed. t ho rthfi e l d , � inn . , y e s t er day . Ro lvaag , S e cr etary o tt " Pl ea s e c o nvey t o the C ent ennie.l J"ubi l e e Commi t t ee the Norwegi an ne r i can Li ne t s gr e e ti ngs t o th e jub i l e e and our ryi she s that th e Norwegi an t radi t i ons so well repres en t e d in an u aro urn.1 ii ev, Yo rk to day may b e mai nt e.i ned f o rev er . Norweg i an IB ri c a Li ne E enr iks en . " " PaB s eng ers , C revr S . S . Stave.nge rf j ord s end r e sp ec tful gre e t ing and h eart i e s t c ongratulat i o ns upo n your C ent enni al J"ubi l ee . lTe st ein J Konov , Eousv ik , Bere , Anders en , I rgens . " • t' Ki ndly &.l low us o n behe.lf of the No rs e A.meri c,sns of Pro v i den c e and e nv i rons to cr_p r e s s t o y o u an u. thro ugh you t o th e No r s e A.'Tle ri ce.ns o f Greater Nei:r Yo rk ou:r· gr � e ti nes a.nd b e s t wi she-s f o r a suc c e s sful an d im_-p re s s i v e c e l ebre.t ion o f the No rse Ame: ri can �1 41 . C entenn i al . Yay vr e el l do our she.re toward matlng the s eco nd on e hundred years o f our people in A.-rne rice, as correspondingly rich in achi evement for ours elves and our fe llow Ar:i eri c2.ns as the firs t centur:,r hao b e en. Three cheers for old Norvray c..nd tvrice three che ers for Ame ri ca . R e sp ectfully yours , The Nor s e American Centennial of Providence t Gus nel son , Chairm.8,n ,, L . A . Che e l , Secr e tary � " " I extend good wishes for al l success . Al fr ed E . Smi th, Governor ." " Nors emen Leagu e sends hearti est congratul ations upon your Jubile e ,. an d bes t wish es for the f estiviti es . Hambro r Morgens tie:Mne , Kildahl •" �14 2 . 0 ff i c i a:J,o RC.P I"@%i"{,J¼tert:Jr....--e s Bi d .f.-1. di eu . � V{e have already s e en the.t th e S t at e Chur ch of Norvray was rep r e s e nt ed at the C ent enni al i n New Yo rk by the Rt . R ev . J . C . P e t er s en , Bi shop of Stavanger , No rway . It WC:i.S he who was c o n s e c rat ed to hi s ho ly offi c e on .June 7 th , at tl.i. e an yi ent C e.th e dra l at Stavanger , No rw1;,y . We w i l l wri t e of thi s in ano ther chap t er . O n the Tue s day of th.e C ent ennie,l C el ebrat ion t the Bi shop , acc ompc�ni e d by the Rev . S . 0 . S igmond 2.n d R e c to r ,. C . 0 . P e d er s e n t ma de a f lyi ng t r ip to Washi ng to n , D . C . , ·where th e party was r e c ei v e d by the Pre s i dent of the Uni ted Stat es . lltr . Co o li dg e . It was due to the c ourt e sy and thoughtfuln es s o f . a ni s t er Bryn that thi s t o ok p lac e , and the p arty was i n trodu c e d to the Pr esi dent by i:r . Bryn . I t was e. please,nt fi f t e en mi nut e s vi si t , in v1h i c h c orrunon c ourt e s i e s were exchanged_ . Leavi ng the Pr e s i dent , . v1 ith re ciprocal wi she s fo r happ i ne s s en d pr o sp er i ty , the party was e s c o r t e d through the Vhi t e Hous e by a S e c r e tary . Af t e r th e vi s i t at th e Whi t e Hous e , # was i nvi t ed to lunch at th e embas sy � the party O ther s p r es ent v.r ere : Congr es sman ,Tohn :r . Nelson e,n d daught er -i n-l e,w , �·rs . Nel s o n , Jr . ; C ongr es sman O . .J .Kval e ; Pr . O t t eme s s , �.ri s s Bryn , :1r . John Bryn , Rev . an d . rs . J . C . Ro s eland , _ r . and � •rs_ . Wm . Wi l l i ams o n . Le ter on , th e pc=� rty vra s te,k en on a s i ght s e e i ng t rip thr ough Vfash i ngt o n . At 8 : 30 in the evenine , Lli ni s t e r and �Tr s . Bryn gav e a r e c ep t i on in ho nor of Bi shop Pet ers on . were pr es ent . bout twenty p e op l e T i r e d an d happy , th e Bi shop entrain e d lat e that ni ght an d arrl.ved i n Nev Yo r}...: th e fol lowi ng morni ng . # Pi cture ��On Fri day eveni ng p receedi ng hi s departure for 143 .. .No rway, the Bi shop wci.s the guest o:f the New York C or:uni ttee of the Stavanger Cathedrc.l ' s Ei eht hundredth year Jubilee 1 Fun d Associ ation , at a di nn er g i ven in hi s honoe at the Norwegian Club � Br ooklyn. Present , as speci al i nvited guests, besi des the Bi shop , were the Hon . Carl Wefri ng, tl e Co nsul General and Mrs . Hems Fay, and the Rt . Rev . Samu.el D. Trexler, Bi o hop of the 1: ew Yo rk and bevr England Lutheran Church . Synod of· the Uni ted It Vlas a very p leasa.nt ho ur spent aro und the festi ve tables, i n the homelike surroundi ngs of the Club. The dinner began by t�e s i ngi ng of one stanza of the Stars pangled Ba.nner0 City said Grace . , after wh i ch Rev . Aksel Berg of Jersey :r . Bo rge Westergaard , Chairman of the Commi ttee of Arrangements, vr nlco med the guest i n a short , but appropr iate sp eech , and introduced the Toastmaster fo r the o c c asi on , ·r . Sverre S igueland ,. who spoke bri efly on th e Centennial and celebr&>.ti ons i n co nnecti on vri th sarrie .. The fi rst speaker was ilieh.ep Trexler, who sp oke of the ,.{9-,, . Nors emen as keepers of tradi tion s and bulwarks o f fai'th . closed by expressi ng the hope that Bishop Petersen v,o uld He see fit to vi sit Ameri ca at some other ti me . l!r . • . N . Rygg � · chai rman o f the National Corrrrni ttee of the Stavanger Cathedral I<'und 11 The place o f the Cathedral sso c i ation sp oke feeli ngly on in the life of our tovmspeople . and the Ci ty o f Stav,mger , He cl osed hi s speech by thc1. nking the lli shop for his vi sit ,- and requesting hi m to take �./.11 96- lliuuer .Jn lfunur of Wqe it. iru. 31. Q!. Jrtrraru Jlt.11�up of &tanangtr STAVANGER CATHE DRAL, E RECTED A. D. 1125 1fftibay �ueui119, ®rtnbet 2.3, 1925 &tntn iilftrty @'dork Nornttgiun C!tlub, JJrooklyn, N. t. �U N D E R T H E AUSPICES OF THE NEW YORK COM MITTEE OF THE STAVANGER CATHEDRAL 800TH YEAR JU BILEE FUND ASSOCIATIO N MENU GRAPEFRUIT MARACHINO CELERY OLI VES FISKEPUDDING J.\,f ED REKESAUS POTETER A LA NORSKE SELSKAP KALVESTEK :M ED NOR: S K FL0TESAUS POM PARISIENNE COMPO11 BISQUIT TORTONI DEMI TASSE �Chairman : BORGE WE STERGAARD TOASTMASTER : SVERRE S I QUELAND SPEAKERS : RT. REV. SAMUEL G. TREXLER Bishop, N. Y. and New Engla nd Synod, United Lutheran Church MR. A. N. RYGG, K. OF ST. 0. President, National Committee REV. S. 0. S IGMOND Chairman, Centennial Com., on Religious services AUGUST WERNER Baritone ETHEL ODLAND Piano CARL CHRISTENSEN Cello �Star Spangled Banner 0 say, ca n you see, by the dawn's early light, What so proudly we ha iled a t the twilight's last gleaming, ,vhose broad stripes and bright stars thro' the perilous fight, O'er the ramparts we watch'd were so gallantly streaming ? And the rocket's red gla re, the bombs bursting in air, Gave proof thro' the night that our flag was still there ; 0 say does that Sta r-spangled Ba nner yet wave O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave ! J a, v i e l s k e r d e t t e l a n d e t Ja , vi elsker dette la nclet, som det stiger frem furet, veirbidt over vandet med de tusind hjem, elsker, elsker det o.g b-enker paa vor far og mor : I : og den saga nat, som s::enker drfSmme paa vor jord : I : Ja, vi elsker dette landet, som det stiger frem furet, veirbidt over va ndet med de tusind hjem. Og som f::edres kamp bar brevet, det av nfSd til seir, : I : og�aa vi naar det blir kr::evet, for dets fred slaar leir : I : BJ0RNSTJERNE BJ0RNSON. ., �144 . wi th h i m o ur b e s t vri sh e s • f o r hims e lf an d hi s p e op l e . Th e T oa s tma s t e r i n t ro duc e d as t he next sp eaker , th e ev . S . O . S i gmo nd , Chai r:m-'J.. n o f the C ommi t t e e o n R e ­ l i gi o u s S e rvi c es o f the C en t enni al C ommi t t ee , who addr e s s e d the e;a th eri ng on " the d e s i rab i l i ty o f a mo r e i n t i mat e rel at i o n b e tw e e n t h e p eo p l e h e r e an tl i n No rway . H e sai d : - " Th i s F e s t i vs,l i s the l as t parag raph o f th e la s t chap t er o f thi s y ear ' s many and g r eat c e l ebrat i o n s . They hav e b e en i nt e r e s ti ng , of co urs e , y e t I r e j o i c e f o r Mo r e i n vrha t they s i t:;nif'y , and vrhat th ey p r oni s e f o r the fu tur e . Thi s i s , in sho r t , a b e t t e r unde rs t 2n d i ng and c l o s er r e ­ lati o nship b etw e en No rs emen o n bo th s id e s o f th e o c ean . A lJ o rvregi c.n do c t o r wr o t e , a f e 7 y ears ag o , a s t r i ki ng an d ti mely art i c l e i n a N o rwegi an l>ap e r , i n v1hi ch he ce. l l e d a t t en ti on t o a c e r t a i n i n c o ngruous c o ndi t i o n . ha lf a c en tury , the c o mmon p e o p l e of No rway , have he,d the i r fac e tur n e d towa rd were ther e . F o r ov e r a er i c a , b e c au s e th ei r r e lat i o ns Wh en the gr eat mas s of the lTo rw egi e,n p eop l e tu rn e d their mi nds t o ward a c o u!l t ry b eyond th e i r ovm , i t wa s , i nvar i ably , t o the Uni t e d S tat e s. . Duri ng the s e many y ears , many a vi si t ha s b e e n r.1a d e by i ndi vi dual p e r s o n s , and by l e tt e r s b e b·,e en lTo rvmy and the far- of f c o un t ry b e ­ y o nd the s ea . The do c t o r e s t ima t e d tha t abo ut 5 0 t 0 00 , 0 00 l e t t e rs had p as s e d b e tvre en th e s e tvro p e op l e s duri ng th e la s t fi f ty y ears . What a t r emendous c o nn e c ti on of he art s ! But , now c ome s th e i n c o ngrui ty . Sai d the do c t or , wh o s e name I c o not r e c o l l e c t j us t now , an d v1ho s e words I r1ay no t b e quo ti ng ve rbatum , " The i n c o ng rui ty c o n s i s t s in thi s , that w e academi c l ans do no t pay suffi c i e n t a t t en t i o n t o the Fo rvrngi e.ns who emigra t e d . ::7he n �14 5 we think b eyond our national boundries , our thoughts go so uthvrard, nostly tovrard Germsmy . In so doing , we l ose contact , not only vri th the tren_d of thought that dominates our kindred a c ross the �ea, but w e a lso lose connection with our ovm p eo ple ." Thus ree,soned the docto r vri s el y, and he was right . Now, that nearly one-half of the No rwegi an race lives in the Unite� States and the other half f o l l ow these , their countrymen, in their minds and hearts, official Norw ay should fo l low shit . But , as the l eaders of the land, as a rul e, are acaderiicie.ns, and they in turn, as a rule fo l l ow the German scho o l of th ought , while the common people live and think from the angl e Saxon po int of view, a co ndition ha s been created of tremendous hurt , affecting bo th the pe op l e of No rway and the enti re No rwegi an race . This co ndition has been changed. piti ous .. The time was p ro ­ One by one ; leaders in thought and moulders of - opinion change a, . Not only Statesmen and economists began .1)...u.: ;► • J to l o o I( westvrard, but even churchmen and university men have, little by little , joined the groupe, •.'"ho believe that there are Lm1ense treasures in the angl o -saxon world , unto uched by Jfo rwegian theo logy and other sciences .. only in England, but in nerica as wel l . Not Then cane the ye ar: 1925 , with reciproca l r eco gnition on both sides o f tho sea . inc luding the academicians ; The wh o le of l:o rwe,y to ok part, the wh ole of is 2.s it ought to be, but it mus t co ntinue. erica to o . That ve Norwegians ,. on this side, feel that their f el l ovrship must be co ntinued by us , getting as much of the go o d things of No rway as is po ssibl e . We are he.ppy, when we hear of products of al l kinds reachi ng erica from Fo rvay . e �14 6. beli eve that the r e i s a market he r e for much mor e i f Horwegian energy i s appl i e d in the conque st of the s e mar ket s. We bel i eve too t:h e.t i t vrill b e done . Our youth is really :more Nors e th&n it v:ro uld s e em - tho ugh they speak Ene; li sh ,. their a,tt i tude shovrs i t . They ar e proud of th ei r Uor s e Anc e stry, ancl they buy No rwegi an go ods when­ eve r an opportuni ty pres ent s its elf . But, w e vrant , not only Norwegian me rchandi s e t but al s o thei r sp i r i tual value s. The ob s ervations of Norw egien scho lars, their brilliant cont ributions to the realm o f thought . and th ei r advances i n matt ers s pi rit ia l , etc . etc. We want Norvregi �n inv enti ons, phil osophy, lite ratur e , � bove all, honor ed g uests ,. Bi shop Peters en and Pr e s i dent ·'lefring , vr n wan t from } o nvay all the profit that can b e had f rom church and r eligious life . The cat echism 1:m d Lands te,d's Hymnary ar e th e gr ee.test tr easur e s tha.t i;or :egian immig rants brought wi th them to th i s country ( out sid e th e Bi ble, of cour s e ) o The s e books hav e , mor e than anything e ls e , . ste.J..-rip ed No rwegian pr o gr e s s in tl: i s country. But , it hc.s tak en � a gr eat deal of time and energy to cl ear the ground , to o rgani z e an d to forti fy us for eventual spi ri tual controve rs i e s. b e en done. Jfo rvray e s c aped all thi s . It he,d For that reason , church work and other s pi ritual endeavor had had ti me to develope , e:r.:pand and grow in inne r grace , fuile we had to build church e s, school s 1 and orge,ni z e.tions all th es e years • • 1Tovr ,. the ti me ha s come when we can pe, mo r e att ention to inner devel opment, and. i n thi s, w e want a s much help as pos sibl e from No rway. We trust future Norwegian theol ogia.ns �147 . wi ll l e av e Fr ench an d t ake up Engl i sh . I t i s not for me to s ay what No rway mi ght import f rom Ameri ca , bo th in sp i ri tual and e c onomi c value s . May the al r eady exi s t i ng , happy f el l owship b etvr e en the nob l e an d talen t e � p e opl e o f No rway and our own No r s e-Ame ri c an p e opl e c on t i nu e fo r ev er . " �I n r ep ly i ng t o th e speakers , B i shop Pet ers en called 0 � 0 att en t i on to th e c on s t ruc ti o n of the C ath edral , on e-half of i,v hi ch wa s bui l t i n Roman an d the other half in G o th i c ar chi t e c t ural s ty l e - y e t th e r e s eems to b e n o c o ntrac t , i t app ears qui t e he.r:mon i ous .. The Bi shop thought t:h.at the C athe dral mi ght s erve a s a symbo l of No rwegi ans and Norwegi an Ame ri c an s . We mus t bo th c o nt i nu e to be ou rs el v e s to th e ful l , thus w e sha l l have a harmonious eff e c t . oth er .. He left We hav e much t o gi v e each me r i ca wi th l ov e for the p eople he r e . The Bi sh op al so gree t ed Bi shop Tr exl e r in German i an d ti1ank ed him fo r hi s court eous wor d s . R e c tor C . 0 . Peder s en addr es s ed e, f ew wo rds t o Presi d ent Wefri ng , whom he a sk e d to g r e e t the No rw egi an Gov ernme nt � i t s C ongr e ss an d the p e op l e a t l& rg e . l r . Wefri ng i n the r eplyi ng s ai d that fo ur we ek s sp ent in th e Uni t ed S ta t e s wo uld never b e f o re;ot t en .. in whi ch h e h� d b e en met . v1as an as s et t o l o rvray .. He vras ov erwhelmed b y the spi ri t H e f e lt th&t the No r s e -Amer i c an The l as t sp e ak er of th e evening was C onsul Gen eral Fay , who spoke o f the Norwegi an s i n New Yo rk . He p o i nt e d out , that although No nr egi an s ar e but a very smal l p erc entage o f the C i ty ' s p opulati o n , they hav e , nev ertbe l e s s � ma d e them­ s elv e s f elt . Thi f; was e sp e c ially th e c a s e wi th r.egard t o chur ch es and humani tar ian i ns ti tu ti ons . He nen ti oned the �lforvregian r osp ital, the Child ren's Home, Old Ieo:ple's 14 8 ::;spec iF,lly note- Home and other Ins titutions of rercy .. worthy was the fac t th2.t all this hc,d been done by the people of ordinE,ry mee.ns , vrho hi::. d civen of their time, energy and hard esrned money. really interpret lforwe, ., They Lrc the people v,ho I t is this typ e who has been the insp irat ion of President Coolidge's masterly speech at St . P:.ul-Hinneap oli s . The B&nquet closed about 11 : 30 by Ja vi elsker. t:1 .. 1 Z�-1 // RETORSPECTIV..... . f ul say ing . 'emper Glori a - undi i c:.n old end truth­ Glories fade, muoi c ceases and laughter is stilled - even Centennial Celebrations come to an end � Yet, our festivities hsve not been in va in. Qnd s trencthened our r· cial consc i ousne ss . I t has revived I t has renewed 2 nrl c emented bonda of frie udship betv.re en the pe oples of tl e old land e.nd those of the nev, ... I t has made secure for us our pos i tion as a erou:p, ci r:1one the many, tha t makes up tl:i�-, na tion , an<.c it hE� E , i n e, !!larked wa y , lif ted the veil and reveale d to us fu tu re p o s sibili ties and obl igat ions . I t lms been a c entury of p ioneering, the r eal tes t of our virility as masses? 2, race is yet to come . Shal l v,e be l os t in the Or i shall the chare,c ter i s t i c t raits of the lforsema,n blaze a trail down th rough the coming centuries? t el l . NOBLE Time will OBl IGE . We have been much honored, great i s , therefore t our responsib ilit .. l'or , 11 Of him v1ho much has been giv en, much shall be re qui red . 11 �14 9 . wi th the New vo rk f e s t iv i t i e s r begi nning �i th th e arri val o f th e si ng e r s e.n cl c ::.. o 6 i ng vri th thE:; di nner to Bi shop Pet er sen , i s that of C onsul G en era:;.. P.:r ... s Fay , C onsul G eneral f o::c No rway at the Po r t of New York . Nor s emen i n Nev, Yo rk , wh eth e r th ey be c i t i z en s o f the o l d 1£.n d or the nevr , a r e one in th8 appr ec i c.!.t i on of tli i s 2b l e a , d effi c i ent r ep re s e tat i v e . lvr .') s wi llinf . t o as s i s t in ev e ry g o o d and v or thy und ert aki ng , he has endeared hims e lf t o a ll of o ur p e op l e . , s � f i t t i nc c l imax to a year of unsurpa s s e d f e s tivi ti e s , s eventy r ep r e s entative }l1en a vromen from every walk in l i f e , and r ep r e s enting over f o rty vari ous No r s e - ' .1e ri c 2.n C o rp orati o n s and O rgan i zat i o n s i n G r eater Yew l o rk ., i s sued a publ i c i nvi t a ti on t o a di nner i n honor of C on sul G en e ra.l _ e.: , v1ho , at that t ime , vra s c omp l e t i ng hi s fi f th year as Consul Gen eral f or 1To rv1ay in Nev, York . The i nv i t c. t i on r.1et vr:i. th a he arty r e sp o n s e , and the ev ening f o r the di nne r fo und the ca s t el lian ro om of the St . Geo rge Ho t e l f i ll e d to i t s capac i ty . wer e : eated at the tab l e vii th C o nsul G eneral and . :rs . Fay 1:r . E . .rt . C app el en Smi th , Chai rman of the C oruni tt e e , Cap t . H . Do lrud , of the lfo rvregi an 1.mc ri c2,n Li n e ; 2,nd the Toastmas t er > ..._r . C . .. . Hnns en a.nd ... rs . }Ic,ns en o G ac e \'/a s sai d by :uraj o r T . Gabr i el s en , # 13 ' e c r e t ary f or the Scandinav ian Branch of the Salvati on Army rovi nc ial Headquv rt e s ,. af t er v1hich , - r . C app e l en Smi th v1el come d t _e · audi e nc e as f ollo T S : - �150 . " Honored Guests , £dies end Gentl e en : - fe ha ve e;& th e r e d here thi s even i ng to do honor to Consul Gener c.l and :rs. Fe.y , vrho, so bril liantly, have r epresent e d lfor 'Iay in Nevr York duri ng the l c..st f i ve years . I n so doing , h has brought honor t o Nor ray , an advantage to Norwegi n interests, both at home as vrell as over here . I 1uve the ho nor t o b i d you al l welcome here this evening .. " l ater on, . ..r . Smith, , i ntrodu ced the 1'oastma,ster, l� . C . A. Ha nsen , vilio proposed a toast to Cool:!.. dge an d r:ing Haakon . resident A nunber of telegrams vrer e recei ved duri ng the di nner and were r e ad by the Toe.str:12,s t er . Others who sen t gr eeti ngs vrcre , r . I n ,vald Tanning , 1ll' . & ::rs . Eina.r Conradi , .w.arie Johansen , . 'r . John H. Finley of the :.Te r Yo rk Times , Mr . . :r . Charle s C . Haight . u gust Reimert, Prof . Gis le Bo th n e, Il !T!lediately after the reading of the telegr�ms , Rector C.O . Peder s e n aros e an d p r oposed a toa st f o r Mrs. Fay . Introduci ng C apt . Doxrud as the fir st spee.ker, the Toastmaster hailed hi� as a sea king , decorated by three gover nr.ients : . The Belgi an, the English and the United Kingdom of Ho n1ay and Sv.reden . �151 . C apt . Doxrud sp oke for the shipping interests in Nevr York . He said : 11 I beli eve the sl1 ipping interes t s are united in ext endi ng hee.rtiest congre, tulations to Consul General Fay , for the eff ic i ent manner in which he ha s re­ presented his count ry an d the humane and sympathet i c manner in vrh ich he tre�1,ts e, 11 thc.t he come s i n co nta·ct -;i th. In all the y e o.rs I he..ve knovm Norwegian Consuls, I have ne ver ently seen maritime m· tters handled more expedit ely and efficiently as by the present Consul ate G eneral in New York. But , Consul F- 's l�hor does not confine itself to busine s s interests only. -way s as v1ell .. I a1!1 He has been active in many other thi n l--ing c?a t this t i me of hi s work in connection with th e Scandinavian S e,i lor s ' Home ,, vrhere he has rendered e gre�t �nd dis interested service. I am sure ev eryone is happy that th is public testimonial beca me a ree.li ty , and tha t vre hope and t ru st tha t he v1i ll renain at his p ost for 1'1.e,ny y ee.rs to come. The next sp eaker was i ntro duced a s ; a man whose holy duty it was to relieve th e s i ck and ppor in our m i ds t , Rev. J . C . Herre . printed Hi s splendi d and masterly addren s is As a representative of the busines s group , 1'fr. Hermc.n T . s c he, form er President of the Norwegian Ame ric an Chamber of Coru:nerce spok e a s follow s : - �15 2 ]L-�� I have been requested to say a few words on behalf of Norwegian commercial interests American and as the subject perhaps is rather dry, I solemny promise to be very brief. While all of us who are living in thls great metropolis are ·accust­ omed to things or Immense dimen­ sions, lt ls nevertheless difficult to ! large and small, visit this port. Between 3 and 4 thousand sailors are annually mustered into service and about the same number out of service. Sick and stranded sailors , and other citizens have to be cared for and transported home and sea protests or captains frequently re­ quire the consul's attention for en­ tire days. understand and fully value the I have only mentioned a few ol enormous flow of merchandise his principal !'unctions and It would which day In and day out is mov­ take volumes to enumerate his ing through this port and while I manifold duties, and the trouble is traffic from and to Norway natur- , a consul is not supposed to make ally does not measure up to the mistakes. It business men commit trade with the larger European blunders they can mostly be cor· countries, stlll this constant traffic rected in some manner, but a con· �hroughout the year has reached sul's work is expected to be perfect huge proportions and ls ever grow­ or pretty near so. ing. I shall not give statistical Another matter which is fre­ figures ln this instance as they quently overlooked is that the Con­ mean very little to the average sul General of New York is not mind aside from which they are only taking care of local trade and difficult to remember. navigation. His district embraces shipments Not all passing no less than 21 States all the way through this port require the im­ from Maine to Texas and 23 Nor• mediate attention of the consulate. wegian Vice-Consuls' stations in Much of this merchandise goes that many cities and seaports range through regular channels of long under this Consulate General and established relations, but the Nor­ report to the Norwegian Govern­ wegian Consulate General forms a ment throQgh New York. The total center where most ot these streams of Norwegian vessels which during of commerce converge. Business 1924 visited the Consular district does not always run smoothly and was over 2,400 of 4 millions tons. whenever a Norwegian merchant This involves responsibilities and strikes a snag the first call for as­ demands experience of the highest sistance is as a rule directed to order and the average person hard­ his consul. In otl).er words the ly realizes how we depend upon our consulate is his First Aid Station. excellent consular service. A great amount of care and vigil­ When in Norway last summer I ance is thus required to properly met an old friend well versed in defend the interests or those who Norwegian matters, but with only through lack of experience or with• slight Imowledge ot foreign affairs. out any fault of their own are And as the talk drifted to New facing lo11ses and perhaps rul.:1. York, commerce and consuls, he Since the d iscontinuance of the wanted to know what a consul Norwegian American Chamber of really had to do. J told him that Commerce in New York a couple of in New York the Consul's principal years ago the work of the consulate occupation is to show the tourists has grown considerably. Consul the newest skyscrapers. General Fay offered very gener­ In Consul General Fay we have ously to care for the arcµives of a type of consul we may well be • the chamber during its temporary proud of. His experience abroad l euspen11Jon, but that wa.s the least covers many lands in Europe, of the burden to which he fell heir. Australia, Asia and South America. correspondence The additional He tackled the great work that which was thus thrown on his awaited him here whole-heartedly shoulders was in itself sufficient and with wonderful energy. He ls to keep an average consulate busy. ever ready to help and gives every• But matters pertaining to import body the benefit of his experience and export trade form only a small and advice. He stands up in the part of a consul's duties. We hardly defense or what he considers right realize that during ·a single year -even ff ft hurts. almost 1000 Norwegian vessels, I am told that five years at the consular post of New York is con• sidered equal to 10 or 15 years In other similar positions, and judging from my own observation I think it is not so far out or the way. We feel safe with thls Important office in the hands of our esteemed Consul General Fay. We thank him from the bottom or our hearts for what be has done and is doing tor Norway and In true gratitude wish ; him further success and future happiness. I I Mr. Toastmaster, Ladles and Gentlemen : I have a strong presentment that, when I sit down after finishing mY • �Rev . Os car Bakke , Pres i dent fo r the t lanti c C i rcui t 153 0 o f the llo rwegi e,n Luthe ran Church o f uaE:: ri c a , spok e fo r the Chur ch e s . " S o much go o d has b e e n s ai d t oni ght '! sai d the sp eaker , " That I hardly know what mo re to say . I can say , howev er , that i t i s a pl easur e fo r me to b e · he r e , bo th p e rs onal ly and as the r ep r e s entat iv e o f the Church . We knovr th e,t C o nsul Genere.l Fay has alway s shown him­ s e lf i nt er e s t ed i n the Church and i t s wo rk . We hav e always so i nt er e s t e d. i n the vrelfar e o f our p eo p l e . I t was he who b e en me t v-Ti th court esy and v, e re j o i c e i n the fac t that he i s Jn.ade th e fi rst rnov e agai ns t the " Div es" . I t was he who organ i z ed the c or.i.r:ni tt e e nov; at wo rk , a lab o r in whi ch th e Chur ch i s mu ch i nt er es t ed . We app re c i at e also hi s i n t er e s t i n th e wo rk among the p o o r and unfo rtunate . In the name of al l Norvregi an Chur ch e � , I thank you mo s t hear t ily . ' Fi nally , Hr : Publ i c o He s a i d : - . N . Rygg sp oke on b ehalf of the G en e ral " I p ri d e my se lf ov er · the p r..i.vi leg e of sp eaking h e r e t o ­ night , ev en thoue;h I may b e conf ine d t o l eavi ng s . The lTo rwegi an C o nsula t e Genere.l , howev er , i s such an imp o rte,nt affai r , that ther e he.pp ily i s some l ef t y e t to sp eak o f . No rway , as i s known , has a gr eat many C o nsulel.t e s ; none of th em , howev er ,. e qu['.l s the C o nsulat e Ge n eral he r e in Uevr York . The r e as o n for thi s i s , th c•,t the C onsult...t c , b e ­ s i de s t c1,ki ng c are o f the i nt er e s t s o f No rway , c om e s i n dai ly contac t wi th a l arg e Jforvregi an p o pul c1,ti o n wi th i t s many and vari e d d e1�1e,n d s . One wi ll under s tand thi s b e tt er wh en one learn s , that ther e ar e ab out 1 00� 0 0 0 Norwegi ans livi ng in �th e t e rri t ory C O 'l cr ecl b y thi s C onsul at e . l o t o f vrn rk t o do . 154 The r e _i s an endl e s s I t t o uches al l c o nc1i t i o n s o f l i f e . C on ­ sul Gen eral :Pay has di s cliareea hi s dut i e s i n thi s c o n ne c t i on ,1i th g r ea t f i d el i ty and p romp t n e s s . Th r e ar e two men v,i th d e ep r e sp e c t : Ravn . from days go ne by wh om we r ememb er C onsul G ene re.l Bors and C o nsul G en eral l o t al one b e cau s e they fi ll e d th ei r p o s i ti on c on­ s c i e nti ously an d vri th ab i l i ty , but b e c v.us e t:'ley .rc r e bu i l der s i n the c o l ony as we l l . I b e l i ev e i t c an b e std d the t C on s ul Gen eral l'Qy i s a v,o rthy suc c e s s o r , i n th.s.t he , f r om th e ve ry fi rs t , h�s giv en full and s e r i o u s supp ort t o all tha t is go o d , i d eal i s t i c and va luab l e among us . He ha s c1bre.y s b e en r e e,dy t o c o nc i l and ,pr omo t e ev ery eff o r t " f o r the b e tt erme nt and p r og r e s s o f our p e opl e . That i n 1:1hy vre Jtike him e.na l',r e hc,PiJY to ...lc.:v c thi s op_p o r tuni ty to sl ovr 11 in ov:.." npp r e c i at i on . Ano ther fac to r w or thy of men t i on he r e , i s the exc e l l ent :ma,nner i n vh i ch C o ns ul G e nere,l 2} , time ano e.gain , he.s r P-p r es ent e d n o t only lfo rvrn.y , but us , r e s i d ent s of No r s e d e s c ent , as vre l l , i n the c 0-rnmni ty a t l e,rg e .. I t i s � fac t th a t li e , by hi s rep r e s e ntativ e ab i l i t i e s has enhan c e d the p r es t i e; e of lfo rvray i n th i s Fe t r o p o l i s . For thi s , vre no t only l o v e him , but are p roud of him t o o . I' inc�l ly , 1 et mE: say , th t t fv' e :-:.o n o r C o nsul G ene ral :F'ay , as an o f f i c i al , as .;,, mc:. n e.nd b, S a human b c i n6 � We th .nk him f o r c o ne;en i al c..n a f rui tful c o o e re.t ion dur i ng t1 e fi ve years pa s t . Te t ruz t u�..:. t for m,s�ny yea r s t o come , b e , .b l e to make us e of hi s -re shall · n e int el l i g enc e , hi s ab s o lu t e mental i n t egrity and hi s warm hear t � 1 1 sp eacl-;. e s we r e re c ei v e d ri th enthus ie:.sM. s.nd app l aus e . 1 �1 55 . I n r e sp ondi ng to th e mc1ny exp res s i ons of g o o d wi ll , the C o n;:3 ul G e neral sai d • - . . " From the dep th o f my heart , I the.nl:" you e.1 1 f o r the ki nd ''ro rds and c o urt e s i e s ext en ded to my wif e e.nd mys el f thi s ev en i ng . It is t o o r1uch .. Had no t my -.:i f e b e en p re s e nt , l should c e rto..inly hav e p ro t e s t e d , but I f e el tL.:, t i t mi 0ht b e pleasant fo r her to hea r s ome th i ng ni c e sai d abo ut me . I t i s vri th me , like mo s t husbands , I s upp o s e , that vre usua l ly b ri n.:; th e unp l e asant th i ne;s home . 1-fo�: , you rr1c.y ask , vrhat do e s e, C onsul really hav e t o do , what are hi s dut i e s ? I t c an be e,n sv.r ered by e.no ther que s t ion .. /hat i s th e r e tl.1.c.t a C on sul do e s no t h6.v e to do ? ii. C on sul �us t b e e. ha .dym�n , p er t ly lavryer , pc:.rt ly do c t or , an d pL rt ly a mi ni s t er . B e s i de s , he mu(, t under�te.nd s ome of the th i ne;s sp ok en of by exp e rt_s her e thi s eveni ng . He mus t only hc:.v e corn:r1011 s en s e but fi r s t -hc'1. nd i nfo rmati on . Be s i d es , Hew Yo rk i f:: such a busy p l ac e , tl:c..t IT'.a t t er s mu st b e c a.r ed f or i n a minimur1 o:'.: ti me . j ob . I t ' s oft en a thc..nk l e s s Peop l e do no t cor-1 e to u s , as a rul e , b efo re th ey a r e i n di ff i cul t i e a . 'l'he r.1.e.tt ers i n vhi ch V'e c an b e o f a s s i s t a nc e are no t c:;.lvr � s o f the consp i c i ou s kind . They are no t s ui t e d f o r pub li c ity ,. but i t nu:iy be of v er . g r e�t imp ortan c e t o the indj_ v i duc: 1 . PP,rhap s e, me.n ' s l i f e o r he al th , a fathe r ' s anxiety , a mo th er ' s o r ri f e '·s l orn:�i ng in th i s r e sp e c t , ,;r e I f we c an b e o f some ai d hc,v e th e revrard of p e r sonal set i sfe c t ion , ev en though the v1o rld me,y knovr no thi ng abo ut wl.:.a t hE. s been done .. me . I thank you al l , an d I 1•ri 11 s t art by tho s e near e s t t o I thank my vrif e , vrho h�.s been a fai thful a i d e l 1 thes e �156 . y ear s . I thank rrry fai thful and un ti r i ng c owork e r s at th e C onsula t e ; no one ::na, n can do th e wo r k al o n e .. mus t hav e th e ai d of p eop l e up on Ee rh o�1 he can d ep end , and tha t l hc=.w e he cl � I p ar t i cu larly d e s i r e to make me nt i on o f thi s t oni cht , b e c e,us e , e. s i s vrell knovm , mo s t o f the emp l o ye e :::; a t th e C o nsulat e h1;.v e b e en engag e d ri ght h e r e , an d ar e I memb ers o f your c ol ony .. �ai n , a thanks to al l o f yo u . I c enno t b egi n t o r1 e n t i on nar:i es . hundr e ds , I hc,v e corri e i n c o nta c t wi th • r ea tl.J.ouse.ncl s o f p e op l e i n thi s C i ty , a'!lny of v1hom I h:;,,v e learnP- d t o l ov e and e.pp re c i at e .. T.hen I l o o k up on E�l l th e f e,mi li ar fa c e s h er e thi s ev en i ng , i t hc:ts wa rme d r:-iy hee,rt . - £:; y our c o l o ny 2,nd th e g r eat vro rk i t i s doi ne; tl.ri v e e..ncl p r o sy e r . thc.nks t o you &,1 1 . J.:C,,y Go d bl e s s the Ho rs e - A he'--,rt er icans in Gr e at er N e 7 Yo�k . " I t wa s ne arly tvr e lir e o ' cl o c k HL e n the cc.. tl1 eri ng fi nal ly b r oke up . Vie "\'O n d e r i f ev er a l o r," e g i Ln C on sul hc�s b e e n t 1r;. r e c i p i ent of' su ch s i n c e r e a,nd who l e h eart e d �c c l c ims as end r s . H&ns F y . ,as � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Carl O. Pedersen Papers (P0303) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context P0303 Description An account of the resource Select materials from the Carl O. Pedersen papers (P0303) housed in the NAHA Archives. <span>Pedersen served as pastor of congregations and rector of the Lutheran Medical Center (Norwegian Lutheran Deaconesses' Home and Hospital (1919-1949) in the New York City metropolitan area. In 1933 he was named Knight, First Class, and in 1948, Commander of the Order of St. Olav. He received the St. Olav Medal in 1939.<br /><br />The digitized manuscript deals with the observance of the Norse-American Centennial in the United States and in Norway. <br /><br /><a href="https://naha.omeka.net/items/show/364" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Carl O. Pedersen papers are available online here. </a></span> Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Pederson, Carl O. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context p0303_manuscripts_02 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. P0303 Title A name given to the resource The Norse American Centennial Manuscript, 1925 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Pedersen, Carl O. Description An account of the resource Manuscript written by Carl O. Pedersen. Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1925 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright Undetermined http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/ The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Book Text