<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<item xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" itemId="6289" public="1" featured="0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://norwegianamericanhistory.org/digital-collections/items/show/6289?output=omeka-xml" accessDate="2026-10-17T02:47:34+00:00">
  <fileContainer>
    <file fileId="7381">
      <src>https://norwegianamericanhistory.org/digital-collections/files/original/0e3ddcc554b328a8a3d999ebd2f08327.jpg</src>
      <authentication>4da2b23d93082abada0ed54dc0aac356</authentication>
    </file>
    <file fileId="7382">
      <src>https://norwegianamericanhistory.org/digital-collections/files/original/e012051d8ed82da291f3460d270a5db2.jpg</src>
      <authentication>2573d0e0993c27facf5fa6853663fa03</authentication>
    </file>
    <file fileId="7383">
      <src>https://norwegianamericanhistory.org/digital-collections/files/original/08f1eee8ccec811db107bd4ad63c05ed.jpg</src>
      <authentication>39ec8d276b5ab8aa8964ec91bf6301da</authentication>
    </file>
    <file fileId="7384">
      <src>https://norwegianamericanhistory.org/digital-collections/files/original/fb9dc6833a1abecd9cce860077ed5c48.jpg</src>
      <authentication>af4ec747b7b3a9cabea2c09433914f9c</authentication>
    </file>
    <file fileId="7385">
      <src>https://norwegianamericanhistory.org/digital-collections/files/original/17cade1da5b38d5506e886d04c230cd1.jpg</src>
      <authentication>77f0c3fda3c28bf695763495e2669dbe</authentication>
    </file>
    <file fileId="7386">
      <src>https://norwegianamericanhistory.org/digital-collections/files/original/8b554712c4e9bc59027d2269a9811546.jpg</src>
      <authentication>a0148c58829445e81eadbe02c501df27</authentication>
    </file>
  </fileContainer>
  <collection collectionId="105">
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194335">
                <text>O.E. Rølvaag Papers (P0584)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="243523">
                <text>P0584</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="243524">
                <text>Rølvaag, O. E. (Ole Edvart), 1876-1931</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="243525">
                <text>&lt;div class="element-text"&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;"&gt;Ole Edvart Rølvaag was born on April 22, 1876, in Dønna, Norway, and immigrated to the United States in 1896, working as a farmhand in South Dakota before earning a B.A. and M.A. from St. Olaf College, with studies at the University of Christiania in between. From 1906 to 1931, he taught Norwegian language and literature at St. Olaf and wrote novels, essays, and poems depicting the Norwegian-American immigrant experience, including the acclaimed &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style="font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;"&gt;Giants in the Earth&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;"&gt; (1927) and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style="font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;"&gt;Peder Victorious&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;"&gt; (1929). He helped preserve Norwegian-American culture by co-founding the Society for Norwegian Language and Culture and the Norwegian-American Historical Association, and in 1926 he was knighted by King Haakon VII of Norway.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="flex flex-col text-sm pb-25"&gt;

&lt;div class="text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)"&gt;
&lt;div class="[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn"&gt;
&lt;div class="z-0 flex min-h-[46px] justify-start"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="mt-3 w-full empty:hidden"&gt;
&lt;div class="text-center"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="pointer-events-none h-px w-px absolute bottom-0"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="243526">
                <text>The catalog record for the O.E. Rølvaag Papers can be found online &lt;a href="https://norwegianamericanhistory.org/catalog/items/show/11038" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="485712">
                <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Funding:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Funding to digitize a portion of the O.E. Rølvaag papers provided to the Norwegian-American Historical Association through the Minnesota Arts and Cultural Heritage Fund, a component of the Minnesota Clean Water, Land and Legacy constitutional amendment, ratified by Minnesota voters in 2008.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </collection>
  <itemType itemTypeId="1">
    <name>Text</name>
    <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
  </itemType>
  <elementSetContainer>
    <elementSet elementSetId="1">
      <name>Dublin Core</name>
      <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="43">
          <name>Identifier</name>
          <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="84980">
              <text>p0584_07895</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="84981">
              <text> p0584_07896</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="84982">
              <text> p0584_07897</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="84983">
              <text> p0584_07898</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="84984">
              <text> p0584_07899</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="84985">
              <text> p0584_07900</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="70">
          <name>Is Part Of</name>
          <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="84986">
              <text>P0584</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="187399">
              <text>O.E. Rølvaag Papers (P0584: Ruth Lima McMahon Correspondence)</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="234494">
              <text>O.E. Rølvaag Papers (P0584)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="39">
          <name>Creator</name>
          <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="84988">
              <text>Lima McMahon, Ruth, 1898-1981</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="40">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="84991">
              <text>1925 December 6</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="47">
          <name>Rights</name>
          <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="84992">
              <text>In Copyright </text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="84993">
              <text>https://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="84994">
              <text>This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="51">
          <name>Type</name>
          <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="84995">
              <text>Text</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="42">
          <name>Format</name>
          <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="84996">
              <text>Letters (correspondence)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="37">
          <name>Contributor</name>
          <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="84997">
              <text>Rølvaag, O. E. (Ole Edvart), 1876-1931</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="41">
          <name>Description</name>
          <description>An account of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="187507">
              <text>The Ruth Lima McMahon Papers (P0844) are housed at NAHA.</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="295108">
              <text>Funding to digitize the O.E. Rølvaag Papers was provided to the Norwegian American Historical Association through the Minnesota Arts and Cultural Heritage Fund, a component of the Minnesota Clean Water, Land and Legacy constitutional amendment, ratified by Minnesota voters in 2008.</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="519758">
              <text>Ruth Lima's letter to Ole Rølvaag.</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="519759">
              <text>&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Transcription:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Dear Rølvaag, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;About your questions I have had very little time to think, and this answer is only tentative. As I look back over my Norwegian-American bringing up I am struck chiefly by my unconsciousness of any dilemma. It is only since I went to college and particularly since I was in Norway that I have become aware of a national dualism, the importance of which I think is overestimated when I first discovered it. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Nationally – I mean as to ?, national feeling, and governmental ideals, I have of course never been anything but American – both by virtue of home training and school training. Everything that &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;I can remember, from the patriotic songs and Lincoln program in the country school to the political debates of my Norwegian-speaking elders at home served always to increase a half-conscious devotion to American and to clarify my understanding of American principles of government. Never has it occurred to me possible. To feel any real thinking whatsoever with any other nation, spoken as a political entity. This is, of course, not strange, considering how completely my own father and all the Norse immigrants I know well, have given their hearts to the American governmental ideals. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;– Dec. 31&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;With that I gave up the tired attempt of a school evening and I don’t know that I am &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;more competent for the task now. When I have said that I was unconscious of any dilemma I have perhaps said that most important thing – The American patriotism of what i spoke, burst into passionate consciousness during my senior year of high school. The romance of war, and perhaps even more a vitalized understanding of the character of Abraham Lincoln, gave sudden life to all the Americanism i had inhibited and grew up. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Norway was a country my grandparents and cousins lived there. My father had been there. My auth told countless stories from there and, being a child, I demanded that the stores be repeated &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;a countless number of times, so that they are now - and I think will always be - clear as colors in my memory. But if the stories had been of any other country they would have served equally will. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;I was not conscious of any difference between relatives of Norwegian children and the children of the Englishman who were our neighbors. The fact that I knew Norwegian while they did not - never stuck me as peculiar. Nor did it strike me as peculiar that my great big newcomer Uncle went to school with us children. Everything was simple and natural, as things are as children of every land and age. The fact that my people had &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;miraculously escaped death by hunger in frost, and the fact that they had planted the first few and plowed the first furrows homefronts, were not matters that excited either pride or pity. We had ? those things from babyhood, and we had never known anything else. The fact that my mother lay buried and terribly mourned in a prairie graveyard just started, never occasional any fear or wonder in my mind. It was as natural as everything else. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Of course I felt joy and sorrow as passionately as the children, and could morn for my mother as tearfully as if I had understood a good deal more – But I mean &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;to say, that of the drama of immigration and pioneer life, as well as if any version of the future of the prairie. I was wholly unconscious as I think all my counterparts were. Our fathers experiences are not ours. To multiply incidents of childhood is, if I understood you question, beside the point. To disentangle the psychic influence that have made what I am, [wor&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;p0584_07895&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;d] possible.  They go back to remote ages in Norway and England, but have certainly been shaped and changed through the broad medium of American life and history. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;I shall write no more this time, being somewhat uncertain whether I have hit up this line of thought you want. If you will ask more particularly, I may be able to say more. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Ruth &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="50">
          <name>Title</name>
          <description>A name given to the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="241349">
              <text>Letter from Ruth Lima McMahon to Ole Rølvaag, 1925 December 6</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="80">
          <name>Bibliographic Citation</name>
          <description>A bibliographic reference for the resource. Recommended practice is to include sufficient bibliographic detail to identify the resource as unambiguously as possible.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="279947">
              <text>[Indicate the cited item here]. O.E. Rølvaag Papers. Norwegian American Historical Association, Northfield, Minnesota.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </elementSet>
  </elementSetContainer>
  <tagContainer>
    <tag tagId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
    </tag>
  </tagContainer>
</item>
